Rock fall hazard assessment in Asar Hill,ancient Mabolla City,Mugla—SW Turkey     

Murat Gül  Ahmet Özbek  Ergun Karacan 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(19):1310

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Elastic settlements under linear surface pressures on rectangular areas     

Halil Murat Algin  Zeynep Algin 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2009,33(8):1087-1108

This paper presents the practical closed‐form solutions for elastic settlement under the linear full‐contact pressures on rectangular areas resting upon an elastic mass. The linear pressure distribution is mostly assumed in practice for the rectangular footing having biaxial bending. The equations presented here are determined by evaluating the integration of Steinbrenner's strain approximation based on the stress solutions from the Boussinesq equations. The presented formulae are validated to be used for the elastic settlement under any point of linear full‐contact loading, triangular and embankment types of pressure cases. In this respect, it represents a significant step forward in the understanding of elastic settlement and rotation under the practical loading cases. The presented solutions are concise and easy to use. The numerical examples are demonstrated and the resulting influence factors in graphical forms are presented for their practical use especially in the elastic settlement calculations of rectangular footing subjected to the biaxial bending. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Basin progress: active deformation analysis by tectonostratigraphic elements and geophysical methods on North Anatolian Fault System (Eastern Marmara Region,Turkey)     

Doğan  Bülent  Aşci  Metin  Karakaş  Ahmet  Pekşen  Ertan  Erener  Arzu  Çepni  Murat Selim  Yavuzyilmaz  Selin  Alahmad  Mohammad  Sertçelik  Fadime  Sertçelik  İbrahim  Kurtuluş  Cengiz 《Natural Hazards》2021,109(2):1675-1716

Natural Hazards - The Northern Branch of the North Anatolian Fault System controls and deforms the Izmit Basin and the Sapanca Lake Basin in the study area. Unlike the Sapanca Lake Basin, the...  相似文献   

Probability distributions for carbon emissions and atmospheric response     

Clifford E. Singer  T. S. Gopi Rethinaraj  Samuel Addy  David Durham  Murat Isik  Madhu Khanna  Brandon Kuehl  Jianding Luo  Wilma Quimio  Kothavari Rajendran  Donna Ramirez  Ji Qiang  Jürgen Scheffran  T. Nedjla Tiouririne  Junli Zhang 《Climatic change》2008,88(3-4):309-342

Probability distributions for carbon burning, atmospheric CO₂, and global average temperature are produced by time series calibration of models of utility optimization and carbon and heat balance using log-linear production functions. Population growth is used to calibrate a logistically evolving index of development that influences production efficiency. Energy production efficiency also includes a coefficient that decreases linearly with decreasing carbon intensity of energy production. This carbon intensity is a piecewise linear function of fossil carbon depletion. That function is calibrated against historical data and extrapolated by sampling a set of hypotheses about the impact on the carbon intensity of energy production of depleting fluid fossil fuel resources and increasing cumulative carbon emissions. Atmospheric carbon balance is determined by a first order differential equation with carbon use rates and cumulative carbon use as drivers. Atmospheric CO₂ is a driver in a similar heat balance. Periodic corrections are included where required to make residuals between data and model results indistinguishable from independently and identically distributed normal distributions according to statistical tests on finite Fourier power spectrum amplitudes and nearest neighbor correlations. Asymptotic approach to a sustainable non-fossil energy production is followed for a global disaggregation into a tropical/developing and temperate/more-developed region. The increase in the uncertainty of global average temperature increases nearly quadratically with the increase in the temperature from the present through the next two centuries.  相似文献   

Modelling hysteretic behaviour of coupled walls for dynamic analysis     

Murat Saatcioglu  Arnaldo T. Derecho  W. G. Corley 《地震工程与结构动力学》1983,11(5):711-726

Modelling techniques for dynamic inelastic response analysis of coupled wall structures are investigated. Emphasis is placed on effects of parameters defining the force-displacement hysteresis loop. Specifically, effects of axial force-moment interaction, strength reduction, shear yielding, pinching, reloading and unloading branches of hysteresis loops are considered. Effects of modelling parameters on selected response quantities are investigated and discussed in detail. A 20-storey coupled wall structure was selected for dynamic analysis. Ranges of parameters characterizing force-displacement hysteresis loops were obtained from laboratory tests under slowly reversed static loading. Previously recorded strong motion accelerograms were used as input motions. Results indicate that wall axial forces and beam strength reduction can have significant effects on response envelopes. Moderate variations in unloading and reloading branches of hysteresis loops and pinching appear to have little effect on dynamic response.  相似文献   

Heavy metal pollution and acid drainage from the abandoned Balya Pb-Zn sulfide Mine,NW Anatolia,Turkey   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Atilla?Aykol  Murat?BudakogluEmail author  Mustafa?Kumral  Ali?H.Gultekin  Melih?Turhan  Vildan?Esenli  Fuat?Yavuz  Yuksel?Orgun 《Environmental Geology》2003,45(2):198-208

This study was conducted to determine the effects of the waste-rock dump (WRD) of the underground polymetallic Balya Mine on the Kocacay River and eventually on Lake Manyas in Turkey. Data presented in this paper include geochemical characteristics of various kinds of water (mine, surface and groundwater) and of suspended-particle samples in the vicinity of Balya. The more polluted mine waters have low pH and high conductivity, while high concentrations of Zn, Cd, Mn tend to be found in the dry and wet seasons. High concentrations of Pb, As, Cr, Cu and S appear only in the wet season. The sources of the heavy metal concentration within the Kocacay River are leached waste, surface run off, and overflow from the spillway of the WRD. To minimize the formation of acids and dissolved metal, and for the remediation of the harmful effects of extreme contamination conditions, it is recommended that lime or alkali materials and organic carbon be added to simulate the action of sulfate-reducing bacteria.  相似文献   

Implications for the water level change triggered moderate (M ≥ 4.0) earthquakes in Lake Van basin, Eastern Turkey     

Murat Utkucu 《Journal of Seismology》2006,10(1):105-117

The water level in Lake Van has shown alternating rises and decreases in history, causing economical, environmental and social problems over the littoral area. The water level changes were obtained to be in the order of 100 m between 18000 and 1000 B.C., in the order of 10 m between 1000 B.C. and 500 A.D. and relatively stable and fluctuating in the order of a few metres during the past 1500 years. The most recent change of the water level took place between 1987 and 1996, during which the water level increased episodically about 2 m and its altitude changed from approximately 1648.3 m to about 1650.2 m. All these changes were mainly related to climate changes. In this study, the water level changes in the lake after 1860 are compared with the seismic activity of faults lying close to the basin. Temporal correlations of seismicity with the water level changes are very persuasive and dramatic, indicating hydrogeological triggering of the earthquakes. This study shows that 14 M ≥ 5.0 earthquakes and increasing number of 4.0 ≤ M < 5.0 earthquakes accompanied or followed the dramatic (about 1 m or larger) changes of the annual mean of the water level in the lake and that there was a tendency of M ≥ 4 earthquakes to occur between November and February, during which the lake level is low within a year.  相似文献   

Hydrochemistry and salt-water intrusion in the Van aquifer,east Turkey   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Murat H. Ozler 《Environmental Geology》2003,43(7):759-775

Groundwater in the Van coastal aquifer is one of the main sources of potable, industrial and irrigational water in Van City, because of its semi-arid climate. Groundwater extraction has been in excess of replenishment owing to increased agricultural and economic activities and a growing population during the last 20 years. A hydrochemical survey of the Van aquifer provided data on the groundwater chemistry patterns and the main mineralization processes. The main processes influencing the groundwater chemistry are salinisation from salt-water intrusion, silicate mineral dissolution, cation exchange and human activity. Deterioration in water quality has resulted from intrusion of the salt water of Lake Van along the coastal regions into the Van plain. At present, the mixing rate of salt water in the Van aquifer is between 1 and 5.5% and salt water has already invaded about 5 km inland in the iskele and the airport region.  相似文献   

The deformation evaluation of Kızlaç T3A Tunnel (Osmaniye, Turkey)     

Ahmet zbek  Sedat Türkmen  Murat Gül 《Engineering Geology》2003,67(3-4):309-320

This study covers the graphical analysis of deformation values measured in the Kızlaç T3A tunnel (Osmaniye, Turkey), which was built as a part of the Tarsus–Adana–Gaziantep Motorway Project. Excavation was performed through a sequence which was composed of sandstone–shale alternation, sandstone and dolerite dyke. Horizontal, longitudinal and settlement deformation values were optically read and recorded daily on a computer. These data were evaluated according to New Austrian Tunneling Method. Total deformation measurement, risky area determination and forecast of transitions between weak and stiff rock, stiff and weak rock were assessed as a result of deformation evaluation for tunnel stability, safety and economy.

The largest resultant deformation value (13 mm) was measured in the sandstone–shale alternation between chainage 500 and 550 m, which was highly weathered by groundwater and affected by local tectonic disturbance. The smallest deformation value was observed in a stiff dolerite dyke between 370 and 430 m, where at times the deformation values decreased to zero. In the sandstone, small resultant deformation values (2–4 mm) were also recorded. The 500–550-m interval of tunnel alignment had the highest risk for tunnel instability in the studied section but the deformation values (maximum 13 mm) were within the tolerable deformation range (10 cm). Small negative longitudinal deformation values decreasing between chainage 320 and 370 m and small positive longitudinal deformation values decreasing between 420 and 480 m indicate the sandstone–shale alternation (weak rock) and the dyke (stiff rock) and sandstone (stiff rock), and the sandstone–shale alternation with a fault gauge zone (weak rock), respectively. These longitudinal deformations needed probable to predict the lithological transitions ahead of the face, which in timely were used to determination of the tunnel support system.  相似文献   

Dynamics of a complex mass movement triggered by heavy rainfall: a case study from NW Turkey   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Faruk Ocakoglu  Candan Gokceoglu  Murat Ercanoglu 《Geomorphology》2002,42(3-4)

Following a period of heavy precipitation, a large and complex mass movement, namely the Dagkoy landslide, occurred in the West Black Sea Region of Turkey on May 21, 1998. This paper describes the conditioning factors of the landslide and interprets the mass transport processes in terms of a movement scenario. Geology, geomorphology and vegetation cover were considered as the conditioning factors of the failure. Observations showed that the gently sloping (about 10°) area is mostly covered by dense forest trees at the crown where the motion initiated. Significant intersection of the collapsed slope with dip of the local marls seems to have contributed to the formation and geometry of the landslide. The distance from the crown down to the toe of the landslide measured more than 600 m, with about 0.6 km³ total earth material displaced. The landslide has both a block sliding characteristics in the upper portions and a debris flow/soil flow component around the margins of the sliding blocks in the middle parts and at the toe. The proposed scenario for the landslide reveals that the movement was initiated near crown as a result of the excess water content in the marls at the end of 3 days of heavy rainfall. The early perturbations (transverse cracks, ridges, etc.) lasted for 6–7 h, after which the central part of the zone started to move as a soil flow in which very large intact blocks were transported. Even though the movement was very rapid (1.2 m/min), there was no loss of life. However, the movement destroyed 38 houses, one mosque and a considerable amount of farmland.  相似文献