气象条件对烟囱污染物影响的模拟研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

刘玉彻  杨洪斌  梁刚 《气象与环境学报》2008,24(1):18-21

利用ISC3模型模拟了某电厂不同高度烟囱在不同风速、不同稳定度情况下SO2的最大落地浓度和落地距离。结果表明:在烟囱高度不变的情况下,稳定度不变,如果风速逐渐加大,则SO2最大落地浓度变小,且最大落地距离亦变小;烟囱高度不变且风速不变情况下,稳定度由稳定趋向于不稳定,则SO2最大浓度变小且最大落地距离变小;在风速和稳定度不变的条件下,随着烟囱高度的减小,SO2最大浓度变大且最大落地距离不变;在建烟囱最高高度不宜超过300 m。  相似文献   

江苏省灌河流域污染特征及污染控制对策   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田爱军  李冰  屈健  王水  高鸣 《湖泊科学》2012,24(4):535-540

基于2008年江苏省沿海地区灌河流域各城市污染源统计及调查数据,分析灌河流域主要污染物来源构成和污染特征,对污染物入河量进行计算及修正.结果表明:灌河的CODMn入河总量为36944.2 t/a,氨氮入河总量为4366.5 t/a,总氮和总磷入河总量分别为6507.4 t/a、444.6 t/a,各污染源均主要来源于农业污染.同时,针对灌河流域的污染特征,明确各类污染源的治理重点,提出了污染控制对策,为有效保护灌河水环境质量,支撑灌河口和灌河沿线的开发提供依据.  相似文献   

Abflußereignisse,eine skalenabhängige multiple Antwort von Einzugsgebieten auf Niederschläge     

W. Symader  R. Bierl  F. Gasparini 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1999,27(2):87-93

Flood Events, a Multiple Basin Response to Precipitation Events at Different Scales Results in the small catchment of the Kartelbornsbach have shown that summer events lead to typical types of flood waves that can be classified according to their response patterns. Differences to this pattern are due to the precipitation amount and duration and in some times to the pre-event moisture of the soil. The results show further that the Kartelbornsbach catchment can be considered as a block system where spatial differences are responsible for the basic pattern of the reaction but not for differences between flood events. Small catchments are excellent tools for relatively inexpensive hydrological and hydrochemical research on streamflow generation mechanisms. With increasing size of the basin the response becomes less clear, because the spatial distribution of rainfall and the distance of delivering areas from the sampling station mask or modify the type of response. Although the main flow components may not change, there is a considerable shift in the composition of water quality, because the increase of travel time does not affect all flow components at the same rate.  相似文献   

The　Vertical　Transport　of　Air　Pollutants　by　Convective　Clouds　Part　Ⅱ：Transport　of　Soluble　Gases　and　Sensitivity　Tests     

孔凡铀 《大气科学进展》1994,(1)

ＴｈｅＶｅｒｔｉｃａｌＴｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔｏｆＡｉｒＰｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔｓｂｙＣｏｎｖｅｃｔｉｖｅＣｌｏｕｄｓＰａｒｔⅡ：ＴｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔｏｆＳｏｌｕｂｌｅＧａｓｅｓａｎｄＳｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｉｔｙＴｅｓｔｓＫｏｎｇＦａｎｙｏｕ（孔凡铀）（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅ...  相似文献   

衡阳市湘江水污染特征及其治理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖仲晋 《湖南地质》1998,17(3):178-183

本文探讨了衡阳市湘江水中主要污染物的来源,分布,运移特征及河床沉积物的污染特征,进而评价了其水质并提出治理措施。  相似文献   

CAPPS3模式在福州市预报效果检验     

王宏  冯宏芳  石钰  隋平  余永江 《辽宁气象》2011,(4):25-29

对2009年7月至2010年6月区域空气质量数值预报模式CAPPS3在福州市的应用进行效果检验,分析各季节CAPPS3预报福州市3种污染物SO2、NO2和PM10的等级预报准确率、转折性天气预报准确率及与监测值的相关系数以及综合评分。结果表明：夏秋季节CAPPS3模式3种污染物等级预报准确率较高,冬季NO2和春季PM10的等级预报准确率较低,错误等级预报多数偏高;转折性天气预报准确率夏秋季最高,春季最低,模式对天气形势的变化反应不灵敏,特别是污染物浓度突变时,预报能力较差,当天气形势稳定时,预报效果较好;CAPPS3模式浓度预报值较监测值有偏大和滞后的缺点;相关系数及综合评分结果夏秋季最高,春季最低。CAPPS3总体预报效果较好,可提供有价值的指导预报,适合业务运行。  相似文献   

美国空气质量尺度管理与国土空间规划策略分析     

李乐  关小克 《国土资源情报》2014,(10):18-24

空气质量作为人类基本生存权利,一直受到美国各级政府的重视,围绕空气质量管理方面的标准、立法与规划,不同尺度的政府管理层面均着力于系统完善或规划设计.作为分权制国家,美国联邦政府、州政府和县市政府在空气质量控制涉及的标准、法律、政策等方面存在明显的权限差异和分工.本文通过梳理美国联邦政府、加州利福尼亚政府在空气质量管理方面的管理机构和管制策略,并结合洛杉矶县国土空间规划体系的设计,探索美国解决空气质量问题的有效管理尺度和职能分工,以期为我国空气质量改善提供实践和理论方面的参考.  相似文献   

A set of rapid-response models for pollutant dispersion assessments in southern Spain coastal waters     

R. Periáñez  F. Caravaca 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(9):1412-1422

Three rapid-response Lagrangian particle-tracking dispersion models have been developed for southern Spain coastal waters. The three domains cover the Gulf of Cádiz (Atlantic Ocean), the Alborán Sea (Mediterranean), and the Strait of Gibraltar with higher spatial resolution. The models are based on different hydrodynamic submodels, which are run in advance. Tides are calculated using a 2D barotropic model in the three cases. Models used to obtain the residual circulation depend on the physical oceanography of each region. Thus, two-layer models are applied to Gibraltar Strait and Alborán Sea and a 3D baroclinic model is used in the Gulf of Cádiz. Results from these models have been compared with observations to validate them and are then used by the particle-tracking models to calculate dispersion. Chemical, radioactive and oil spills may be simulated, incorporating specific processes for each kind of pollutant. Several application examples are provided.  相似文献   

Characterization of Dry‐Spun Acrylic Fiber Wastewater by Particle Size Distribution,Biodegradability, and Chemical Composition          下载免费PDF全文

Qinghong Wang  Guangxu Yan  Bin Cai  Chunmao Chen  Shaohui Guo 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(10):1393-1401

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On the Impact of Trees on Dispersion Processes of Traffic Emissions in Street Canyons   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Christof Gromke  Bodo Ruck 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2009,131(1):19-34

Wind-tunnel studies of dispersion processes of traffic exhaust in urban street canyons with tree planting were performed and tracer gas concentrations using electron capture detection (ECD) and flow fields using laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) were measured. It was found that tree planting reduces the air exchange between street canyons and the ambience. In comparison to treeless street canyons, higher overall pollutant concentrations and lower flow velocities were measured. In particular, for perpendicular approaching wind, markedly higher concentrations at the leeward canyon wall and slightly lower concentrations at the windward canyon wall were observed. Furthermore, a new approach is suggested to model porous vegetative structures such as tree crowns for small-scale wind-tunnel applications. The approach is based on creating different model tree crown porosities by incorporating a certain amount of wadding material into a specified volume. A significant influence of the crown porosity on pollutant concentrations was found for high degrees of porosity, however, when it falls below a certain threshold, no further changes in pollutant concentrations were observed.  相似文献