隐伏金属矿床上升气流微粒特征、形成及迁移   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

曹建劲 《地学前缘》2012,19(3):113-119

结合地球化学和纳米科学技术的理论和研究方法,研究隐伏金属矿床有关微粒的形成、迁移和特征。对十多个金属矿床的研究表明,隐伏金属矿体地表沉积物中上升气流微粒样品有单个微粒和微粒聚合体,单个微粒形态有球状、近球状、不规则状、规则多边形、长柱状,微粒有晶质、非晶质和部分晶质。聚合体形态一般是不规则状、球状和近球状。它们的矿物成分主要有自然Au、自然Cu、氯化物、氧化物、硫酸盐、氢氧化物等。成矿元素Au、Cu可以自然金属或自然合金形式存在,Cu、Pb、Zn等成矿元素可以氧化物或硫酸盐等形式存在,也可以存在于氧化物、氢氧化物、氯化物、硫酸盐等微粒中作为杂质元素,这些是隐伏金属矿体的指示微粒。成矿期后,与隐伏金属矿体有关微粒主要形成于断层作用、氧化作用和生物作用。在上升气流中,微粒呈“布朗运动”。  相似文献   

中国油气页岩分布与存储潜能和前景分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

滕吉文  刘有山 《地球物理学进展》2013,28(3):1083-1108

基于当今化石油气能源的需求还在扩展,它的紧缺势态波及全球,而我国的确需要更多的页岩油气.为此,非常规油气能源,特别是页岩油气的勘探、开发和利用就必然地提到社会进步和经济发展的议程上,并得到世界各个国家的高度重视.因此,页岩油气现已成为我国能源界和科技界及政府部门的热门话题.在经过了一段时间的"热炒"和依据尚不充分的评估后,本文通过对中外有关资料的分析和讨论认为:1)必须在了解世界各国、特别是北美页岩油气赋存与开发的条件下,认识我国页岩的分布状态和页岩油气潜能;2)在理解其它国家页岩属性、页岩油气的前景和勘查及储存背景下,在我国较全面的进行页岩和页岩油气存储的勘探和对其进行要素匹配,并选择远景好的典型地区进行示范研究与探索;3)集理念与实践综合研究制定页岩油气在我国的发展方案和路线图.  相似文献   

基于力学思想的空间聚类有效性评价     

刘启亮  邓敏  彭东亮  王佳璆 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2011,(8):982-986,990

从力学的角度来考虑空间聚类问题,并结合地理学基本规律提出了一种基于力学思想的空间聚类有效性评价指标(简称SCV)。实验分析表明,本文提出的评价指标能够更准确、高效地对二维地理空间数据的硬聚类结果进行有效性评价。  相似文献   

A vertically resolved model for phytoplankton aggregation     

Iris Kriest  Geoffrey T. Evans 《Journal of Earth System Science》2000,109(4):453-469

This work presents models of the vertical distribution and flux of phytoplankton aggregates, including changes with time in the distribution of aggregate sizes and sinking speeds. The distribution of sizes is described by two parameters, the mass and number of aggregates, which greatly reduces the computational cost of the models. Simple experiments demonstrate the effects of aggregation on the timing and depth distribution of primary production and export. A more detailed ecological model is applied to sites in the Arabian Sea; it demonstrates that aggregation can be important for deep sedimentation even when its effect on surface concentrations is small, and it presents the difference in timing between settlement of aggregates and fecal pellets.  相似文献   

阴极发光和红外光谱技术在金刚石研究中的应用   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

陈美华  狄敬如 《地质科技情报》1999,18(2):97-100

总结了阴极发光（ＣＬ）及傅立叶变换红外光谱（ＦＴＩＲ）技术在金刚石研究中的应用。ＣＬ图像可以揭示金刚石的内部结构、生长机制、生长阶段及过程,提供塑性变形及是否含有ＣＯ２的信息,验证和解释微区ＦＴＩＲ分析、稳定同位素及地质年代研究的结果,为天然金刚石和合成金刚石的区分提供关键证据。合成金刚石的实验研究表明,氮的不同聚集态丰度值是聚集温度ＴＮＡ、金刚石存留时间ｔＭＲ及氮丰度值的函数,利用地质信息和ＦＴ  相似文献   

Spatial Distribution of Shelf- and Slope-Dwelling Fishes Collected by Bottom Longline off Lanzarote and Fuerteventura, Canary Islands     

Franz  Uiblein  Fernando  Bordes  Ricardo  Castillo Antonio G.  Ramos 《Marine Ecology》1998,19(1):53-66

Abstract. A total of 1789 fish belonging to 38 families and 73 species were collected at depths between 18 and 1102 m during 216 bottom longline operations off Lanzarote and Fuerteventura, Canary Islands, between February 1994 and December 1995. For each species the depth distribution is provided. Length-weight and depth-size relationships are reported for three shelf-dwelling species. The bigger-deeper relationship found in two of them contrasts with the bigger-shallower pattern of the deeper living trichiurid Lepidopus caudatus . In November 1997, nine additional bottom longline operations were carried out off eastern Fuerteventura at depths between 805 and 1217 m. In this area, after earlier studies in October 1995, a spawning aggregation of the morid Mora moro was encountered for the second time. The catches of 1997 revealed a strongly male-biased sex ratio. Also, the males showed a significantly lower gonadosomal index than two years earlier. These findings indicate slight interannual variations in reproductive timing and an earlier arrival of male Mora moro at the spawning grounds. Clear variations in the number of fish collected at adjacent sites possibly reflect a preference for distinct microhabitats. Preliminary evidence of local upwelling of cold water above the spawning grounds is provided by satellite imagery.  相似文献   

洞庭湖不同水位高程下南荻(Triarrhena lutarioriparia)种群分布格局及生长动态     

李旭  宋冰冰  李峰  曾静  侯志勇  谢永宏  陈心胜  邓正苗 《湖泊科学》2016,28(5):1039-1046

通过野外不同水位高程固定样地多次调查,结合方差/均值比率法研究了不同水位高程下洞庭湖湿地南荻(Triarrhena lutarioriparia)种群分布格局及生长动态.结果表明:(1)低程区土壤含水量显著高于高程区;低程区土壤颗粒组成与高程区相比有显著差异,低程区土壤为黏砂壤土,高程区为粉砂土;低程区土壤总有机碳、全氮、铵态氮和pH值等与高程区相比无显著差异,而其硝态氮、有效磷、全钾和速效钾含量低于高程区,全磷含量却恰好相反.(2)调查期间,南荻的分布格局随着植物的生长由均匀分布逐渐变为聚集分布,低程区聚集强度更大;(3)南荻的生物量和高度均随时间增长而迅速增加,且低程区的总生物量和增长量均高于高程区;南荻的密度和基径随时间增长而增加,之后趋于平稳,且低程区均高于高程区.结果分析表明,水位高程差异引起的土壤含水量的显著变化可能是影响南荻分布格局和生长动态最重要的因素.因此,适度地调控水位、增加土壤水分含量可能是控制南荻群落扩张的重要措施.  相似文献   

Assessment of micro‐aggregation using laser diffractometry     

L. Beuselinck  G. Govers  J. Poesen 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1999,24(1):41-49

In order to evaluate the influence of the measuring technique on the determination of (micro‐)aggregation in soil and sediment samples, results of grain size distributions of undispersed silty soil samples obtained by the sieve‐pipette method are compared with those obtained using a laser diffraction grain size analyser, the Coulter LS‐100. Reduced major axis relationships are calculated which may be used to convert Coulter LS‐100 results to those obtained by the sieve‐pipette method. The relationships obtained are very similar to the reduced major axis relationships established for dispersed silty soil samples. The results also show that the Coulter LS measurements have a systematic bias compared to the sieve‐pipette data. This implies that, if the percentage of (micro‐)aggregation is determined, the (interpretation of the) results will be strongly dependent on the measurement technique used. Using the calibration relationships that were established, nomographs can be developed to predict the level of sieve‐pipette (micro‐) aggregation from Coulter LS‐100 data. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A comparative study of the segmentation of weighted aggregation and multiresolution segmentation     

Shihong Du  Zhou Guo  Wanyi Wang  Luo Guo  Juan Nie 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2016,53(5):651-670

Multiresolution segmentation (MRS) algorithm has been widely used to handle very-high-resolution (VHR) remote sensing images in the past decades. Unfortunately, segmentation quality is limited by the dependency of parameter selection on users’ experience and diverse images. Contrarily, the segmentation by weighted aggregation (SWA) can partly overcome the above limitations and produce an optimal segmentation for maximizing the homogeneity within segments and the heterogeneity across segments. However, SWA is solely tested and justified with digital photos in computer vision field instead of VHR images. This study aims at evaluating SWA performance on VHR imagery. First, multiscale spectral, shape, and texture features are defined to measure homogeneity of image objects for segmentation. Second, SWA is implemented to handle QuickBird, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and GF-1 VHR images and further compared with MRS in eCognition software to demonstrate the applicability of SWA to diverse images in building, vegetation and water, forest stands, farmland, and mountain areas. Third, the results are fully evaluated with quantitative measurements on segmented objects and classification-based accuracy assessment on geographic information system vector data. The results indicate that SWA can produce higher quality segmentations, need fewer parameters and manual interventions, create fewer segmentation levels, incorporate more features, and obtain larger classification accuracy than MRS.  相似文献   

The Effects of Spatial Scale and Aggregation on Food Access Assessment: A Case Study of Tucson,Arizona     

Katharine Yang Bao  Daoqin Tong 《The Professional geographer》2017,69(3):337-347

Adequate access to healthy food has become a social issue due to the recent Great Recession and heightened levels of unemployment. Geographers have focused their attention on how to accurately evaluate food access and how to identify and delineate food deserts; that is, low-income neighborhoods where affordable and healthy food is lacking or limited. Findings of recent food access studies are, however, dramatically inconsistent. We argue that spatial scale and the level of aggregation used in constructing food access measures could account for a major portion of the varying results. We draw on an empirical study in the Tucson, Arizona, metropolitan area, to examine how varying geographic scales and aggregation methods affect food access assessment. We also provide an analysis to show how spatial scale and aggregation practices lead to inconsistent conclusions about food access and designation of food deserts.  相似文献