Full Causal Bulk Viscous LRS Bianchi I With Time Varying Constants     

J.?A.?BelinchónEmail author 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2005,299(4):343-370

In this paper we study the evolution of a LRS Bianchi I Universe, filled with a bulk viscous cosmological fluid in the presence of time varying constants “but” taking into account the effects of a c-variable into the curvature tensor. We find that the only physical models are those which “constants” G and c are growing functions on time t, while the cosmological constant Λ is a negative decreasing function. In such solutions the energy density obeys the ultrastiff matter equation of state i.e. ω = 1.  相似文献   

基于遗传算法的粘滞阻尼器减震结构优化设计研究          下载免费PDF全文

王子龙  任文杰 《世界地震工程》2021,(2):123-131

以线性粘滞阻尼器加固剪切型规则框架结构为研究对象,基于能量原理提出阻尼系数正比于层间位移（α+1）次方的分配方式,在此基础上提出了一种基于遗传算法的粘滞阻尼器减震结构优化设计方法。使得中震下结构最大层间位移角小于允许值,以满足"中震不坏"的设计目标,同时令附加总阻尼系数最小,满足经济性要求。以12层规则框架为例,分别采用优化方法和其他三种方案对结构进行减震设计,计算结果表明:基于优化方法进行粘滞阻尼器减震结构优化设计,既能保证结构层间位移角小于限值,又能满足经济性要求。  相似文献   

颗粒离散单元法动力人工边界设置方法     

周兴涛  盛谦  崔臻  冷先伦  付晓东  马亚丽娜 《岩土力学》2018,39(7):2671-2680

采用颗粒离散单元法进行动力计算时,人工截断边界上需设置吸收边界条件,以防止波的反射。鉴于颗粒离散单元数值计算模型的人工边界上颗粒单元半径大小不一、边界面凸凹不平,在连续介质的黏性、黏弹性、自由场边界条件方程基础之上,推导出适用于离散介质的等效方程。在离散介质的黏性边界条件等效方程中引入微调系数,提出比值迭代法以快速确定其最优值,以实现对波的最佳吸收。采用二维颗粒离散单元计算软件PFC2D,分别建立黏性、黏弹性、自由场边界条件相关数值分析模型,探讨颗粒分布模式对黏性边界上颗粒单元半径、速度分布及比值迭代过程的影响;采用外源波动算例及经典Lamb问题算例验证黏弹性边界设置方法的正确性;通过隧洞算例检验提出的自由场边界条件设置方法的正确性。  相似文献   

Nonstationary stochastic response of structural systems equipped with nonlinear viscous dampers under seismic excitation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Enrico Tubaldi  Ioannis A. Kougioumtzoglou 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(1):121-138

Nonlinear viscous dampers are supplemental devices widely used for enhancing the performance of structural systems exposed to seismic hazard. A rigorous evaluation of the effect of these damping devices on the seismic performance of a structural system should be based on a probabilistic approach and take into account the evolutionary characteristics of the earthquake input and of the corresponding system response. In this paper, an approximate analytical technique is proposed for studying the nonstationary stochastic response characteristics of hysteretic single degree of freedom systems equipped with viscous dampers subjected to a fully nonstationary random process representing the seismic input. In this regard, a stochastic averaging/linearization technique is utilized to cast the original nonlinear stochastic differential equation of motion into a simple first‐order nonlinear ordinary differential equation for the nonstationary system response variance. In comparison with standard linearization schemes, the herein proposed technique has the significant advantage that it allows to handle realistic seismic excitations with time‐varying frequency content. Further, it allows deriving a formula for determining the nonlinear system response evolutionary power spectrum. By this way, ‘moving resonance’ effects, related to both the evolutionary seismic excitation and the nonlinear system behavior, can be observed and quantified. Several applications involving various system and input properties are included. Furthermore, various response parameters of interest for the seismic performance assessment are considered as well. Comparisons with pertinent Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate the reliability of the proposed technique. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Accurate real‐time hybrid earthquake simulations on large‐scale MDOF steel structure with nonlinear viscous dampers          下载免费PDF全文

Baiping Dong  Richard Sause  James M. Ricles 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(12):2035-2055

This paper presents real‐time hybrid earthquake simulation (RTHS) on a large‐scale steel structure with nonlinear viscous dampers. The test structure includes a three‐story, single‐bay moment‐resisting frame (MRF), a three‐story, single‐bay frame with a nonlinear viscous damper and associated bracing in each story (called damped braced frame (DBF)), and gravity load system with associated seismic mass and gravity loads. To achieve the accurate RTHS results presented in this paper, several factors were considered comprehensively: (1) different arrangements of substructures for the RTHS; (2) dynamic characteristics of the test setup; (3) accurate integration of the equations of motion; (4) continuous movement of the servo‐controlled hydraulic actuators; (5) appropriate feedback signals to control the RTHS; and (6) adaptive compensation for potential control errors. Unlike most previous RTHS studies, where the actuator stroke was used as the feedback to control the RTHS, the present study uses the measured displacements of the experimental substructure as the feedback for the RTHS, to enable accurate displacements to be imposed on the experimental substructure. This improvement in approach was needed because of compliance and other dynamic characteristics of the test setup, which will be present in most large‐scale RTHS. RTHS with ground motions at the design basis earthquake and maximum considered earthquake levels were successfully performed, resulting in significant nonlinear response of the test structure, which makes accurate RTHS more challenging. Two phases of RTHS were conducted: in the first phase, the DBF is the experimental substructure, and in the second phase, the DBF together with the MRF is the experimental substructure. The results from the two phases of RTHS are presented and compared with numerical simulation results. An evaluation of the results shows that the RTHS approach used in this study provides a realistic and accurate simulation of the seismic response of a large‐scale structure with rate‐dependent energy dissipating devices. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

大陆岩石圈塑性流动网络的延性弱面效应   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

王绳祖 《地震地质》2004,26(3):405-415

岩石圈下层的网状塑性流动 ,作为包含塑性流动网络的黏塑性流动 ,控制着大陆板块内部的构造变形和动力学过程。塑性流动网络由两组网带共轭相交而成 ,而塑性流动网带是黏塑性流动过程中因剪切局部化、黏性摩擦生热和网带介质的弱化而形成的延性弱面 (弱带 )。研究表明 ,类似于断裂和节理等脆性弱面 ,延性弱面对介质强度的影响也具有条件性 ,即当应力方向改变时 ,只有在滑移角θ不超出一定限值的条件 (θ1≤θ≤θ2 )下才可能沿原有弱面滑移 ,显示其弱化效应 ;延性弱面可以用弱化度R表示其屈服限的相对降低程度 ,弱化度与滑移角下限值之间的关系为R =sin2θ1;根据亚洲中东部地区“塑性流动 -地震”网络的最大共轭角推算 ,网带的弱化度R近似于 0 81。基于延性弱面效应的认识 ,文中就网带由剪切滑移向压性褶皱的转化、网带的继承与弃置以及应力方向的允许偏角等问题进行了探讨  相似文献   

宿迁市建设大厦消能减震设计   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陆伟东  刘伟庆  陈瑜 《地震工程与工程振动》2004,24(5):92-96

宿迁市建设大厦,21层,框架-抗震墙结构,按Ⅷ度(0．3g)进行抗震设防;由于建筑部分楼层层间位移超过《规范》要求,因此在部分楼层增设消能支撑,通过提高结构的附加阻尼比来降低结构的位移反应。整体结构的非线性时程分析结果表明,在框架-抗震墙结构中增设消能支撑,可以较为经济地控制结构薄弱层的位移,提高结构的抗震安全储备。本文可为高烈度区类似工程的设计提供借鉴。  相似文献   

辽河油田D块中—厚层稠油油藏隔夹层的分类及识别     

马成龙 《江苏地质》2017,41(2):342-346

充分利用研究区Ng油层、XLT油层取芯井的岩芯资料和测井等资料,识别并划分出不同类型的隔夹层。研究区主要发育泥质隔夹层、物性隔夹层和砾岩隔夹层,以泥质隔夹层和物性隔夹层为主。从定性和定量两方面采用多学科、多信息对该区的隔夹层进行精细研究,建立隔夹层识别的定性、定量识别标准,为隔夹层的精细刻画奠定基础,为提高稠油热采开发效果提供地质依据  相似文献   

基于逐减随机震源采样法的频率域二维黏滞声波方程全波形反演     

冯晅  鲁晓满  刘财  周超  金泽龙  张明贺 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2016,46(6):1865-1873

全波形反演方法利用叠前地震波场的运动学和动力学信息重建地下速度结构,具有揭示复杂地质背景下构造与岩性细节信息的潜力。然而,巨大的计算量是阻碍其发展的一个瓶颈问题。为此,研究者们提出了震源编码技术来减少计算量,但是此方法在模型更新过程中会引进随机串扰噪声,降低反演结果准确性。所以,在保证计算精度的情况下,本文提出了采用逐减随机震源采样的方法来高效计算全波形反演问题。笔者将此方法应用于频率域二维黏滞声波波动方程全波形反演,开始了在频率域进行随机震源采样类方法的研究,计算过程中共使用了依次增大的8个频率段;并应用Overthrust模型来验证此类随机震源采样法的正确性。实验结果表明：基于逐减随机震源采样法的反演结果与实际Overthrust模型的拟合误差为0.065 65,而应用基于全部震源的全波形反演方法得到的反演结果与实际Overthrust模型的拟合误差为0.064 64,两者差别不大;但计算用时由740 min减少到291.2 min,即计算效率提高了2.54倍。为了更好地确定方法的有效性,将其应用于Marmousi模型进行试算。模型试算结果表明：基于逐减随机震源和基于全部震源得到的反演结果与实际Marmousi模型的拟合误差分别为0.080 12和0.078 97,相差不大;但计算用时由1 218.9 min减少到274.4 min,计算效率提高了4.44倍。综上,在保证反演精度的情况下,基于逐减随机震源采样法的频率域全波形反演方法大大减少了计算量,具有不可替代的计算优势,并且没有引进随机串扰噪声。  相似文献   

Earthquake response analyses of a full‐scale five‐story steel frame equipped with two types of dampers     

Yi‐Jer Yu  Keh‐Chyuan Tsai  Chao‐Hsien Li  Yuan‐Tao Weng  Ching‐Yi Tsai 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(9):1301-1320

The seismic performance tests of a full‐scale five‐story passively controlled steel building were conducted on the E‐Defense shaking table in Japan in March 2009. Before the tests, a blind prediction contest was held to allow researchers and practitioners from all over the world to construct analytical models and predict the dynamic responses of the steel frame specimen equipped with buckling‐restrained braces (BRBs) or viscous dampers (VDs). This paper presents the details of two refined prediction models made and results obtained before the tests. When the proposed analytical modeling techniques are adopted as in the two refined prediction models, the overall prediction accuracy is about 90%. Sensitivity studies conducted after the tests are also presented in this paper. The effects of varying each modeling feature on the response simulation accuracy have been investigated. The analytical results suggest that considering concrete full‐composite actions for beam members could improve prediction accuracy by about 20% against using the simplified bare steel beam model. Adopting refined BRB stiffness computed from incorporating finite‐element gusset stiffness only improves the overall prediction accuracy by 0.9%. Considering the BRB dynamic loading test results for analytical BRB strength reduces the error by 1.9%. For the VD frame, incorporating the brace and VD stiffness could improve the overall prediction accuracy by about 15%. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献