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31.
Sediment balances in the Blue Nile River Basin 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Yasir SAALI Alessandra CROSATO Yasir AMOHAMED Seifeldin HABDALLA Nigel GWRIGHT 《国际泥沙研究》2014,29(3):316-328
Rapid population growth in the upper Blue Nile basin has led to fast land-use changes from natural forest to agricultural land.This resulted in speeding up the soil erosion process in the highlands and increasing sedimentation further downstream in reservoirs and irrigation canals.At present,several dams are planned across the Blue Nile River in Ethiopia and the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is currently under construction near the border with Sudan.This will be the largest hydroelectric power plant in Africa.The objective of this paper is to quantify the river flows and sediment loads along the Blue Nile River network.The Soil and Water Assessment Tool was used to estimate the water flows from un-gauged sub-basins.To assess model performance,the estimated sediment loads were compared to the measured ones at selected locations.For the gauged sub-basins,water flows and sediment loads were derived from the available flow and sediment data.To fill in knowledge gaps,this study included a field survey in which new data on suspended solids and flow discharge were collected along the Blue Nile and on a number of tributaries.The comparison between the results of this study and previous estimates of the sediment load of the Blue Nile River at El Deim,near the Ethiopian Sudanese border,show that the sediment budgets have the right order of magnitude,although some uncertainties remain.This gives confidence in the results of this study providing the first sediment balance of the entire Blue Nile catchment at the sub-basin scale. 相似文献
32.
低密度地球化学填图具有采样水系级别高、工作覆盖面积广阔的特征，可有效追溯具有高金属含量的地球化学块体。本次研究以埃塞俄比亚1∶100万低密度地球化学填图数据为基础，通过对原始水系沉积物中Cu测试数据处理后，应用迭代剔除的方法，计算得出Cu的异常下限值为37×10-6。在此基础上，以37×10-6、42×10-6、47×10-6、52×10-6、59×10-6、66×10-6作为分级间隔，共圈定出地球化学块体3个、区域异常2个。通过参考相同成矿带中铜矿勘查研究程度较高的地球化学块体中已知铜矿床储量，计算出研究区的Cu块体成矿率为0.055%。本次以1 000 m岩块厚度估算出研究区内Cu的资源量为260万t。结合区域成矿地质条件分析，确定2号、3号、4号地球化学块体所在区域可作为开展进一步详细勘查工作的重点成矿远景区。 相似文献