McICA云—辐射方案在国家气候中心全球气候模式中的应用与评估   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

荆现文  张华 《大气科学》2012,36(5):945-958

本文将一种新的、可以灵活给出云的次网格结构的蒙特卡洛独立气柱近似 (McICA) 云—辐射方案应用于国家气候中心全球气候模式BCC_AGCM 2.0.1中;由于此方案会引入一定的随机误差,本文对随机误差的特征和对所模拟的气候场的影响进行了分析和评估.结果表明,McICA随机误差引起的模拟扰动很小,随机误差对所模拟的各种气候变量影响也很小,全球平均值与作为参考的精确独立气柱近似 (ICA) 计算的差别都在0.01%量级,模拟结果的纬向分布、垂直分布和典型区域内的分布等气候特征都基本上与ICA一致.因此,在国家气候中心全球气候模式BCC_AGCM 2.0.1中应用McICA云—辐射方案具有较高的可信度,模拟性能的提升仍然主要取决于模式物理过程、动力框架等方面,而不受随机误差的影响.考虑到McICA方案下云和辐射过程是各自独立的,云的结构调整和辐射模式的改进都更为简便,为模式在未来的进一步改进提供了很大便利和发展空间.  相似文献   

The Effects of Different HITRAN Versions on Calculated Long-Wave Radiation and Uncertainty Evaluation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

LU Peng  ZHANG Hu  JING Xianwen 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2012,26(3):389-398

Four editions of the High Resolution Transmission (HITRAN) databases (HITRAN96, HITRAN2K, HITRAN04, and HITRAN08) are compared by using a line-by-line (LBL) radiative model in the long-wave calculation for six typical atmospheres. The results show that differences in downward radiative fluxes between HITRAN96 and HITRAN08 at the surface can reach a maximum of 1.70 W m 2 for tropical atmospheres. The largest difference in heating rate between HITRAN96 and HITRAN08 can reach 0.1 K day 1 for midlatitude summer atmosphere. Uncertainties caused by line intensity and air-broadened halfwidths are also evaluated in this work using the uncertainty codes given in HITRAN08. The uncertainty is found to be 1.92 W m 2 for upward fluxes at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) and 1.97 W m 2 for downward fluxes at the surface. The largest heating rate caused by the uncertainty of line intensity and air-broadened half-width can reach 0.5 K day 1 . The differences in optical depths between 1300 and 1700 cm 1 caused by different HITRAN versions are larger than those caused by the uncertainties in intensity and air-broadened half-width. This paper suggests that there is inaccurate representation of line parameters over some spectral ranges in HITRAN and more attention should be paid to these ranges in fields such as remote sensing.  相似文献   

淮北采煤塌陷区小型湖泊轮虫群落结构的季节变化   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

邓道贵  金显文  葛茜  丁建华  陈丽娜  邵元启 《湖泊科学》2012,24(1):111-116

2005年3月至2007年2月对淮北采煤塌陷区两个小型湖泊(南湖和乾隆湖)轮虫的群落结构进行了连续两年的调查.南湖共检测到轮虫9属14种,乾隆湖共计15属27种.乾隆湖轮虫年平均密度为1916 ind./L,约为南湖(198.4 ind./L)的近10倍.乾隆湖和南湖轮虫的最大密度分别为6915和1185 ind./L.在南湖和乾隆湖轮虫的季节动态中,冬、春季以前额犀轮虫为主,夏、秋季以多肢轮虫、异尾轮虫为主.在南湖,长肢多肢轮虫、暗小异尾轮虫和小链巨头轮虫分别占年平均密度的24.4％、24.0％和23.0％.在乾隆湖,暗小异尾轮虫、长肢多肢轮虫和裂痕龟纹轮虫分别占年平均密度的31.5％、27.2％和7.3％.南湖和乾隆湖轮虫的Shannon-Wiener指数范围分别为0～2.06和1.28 ～2.68,平均值分别为0.67和1.99.水温、营养盐和浮游植物生物量对淮北采煤塌陷区小型湖泊轮虫的群落结构具有重要影响.  相似文献   

红树林植株形态及种植密度对消波能力影响的数值模拟研究          下载免费PDF全文

朱俊宁  宋德海  陈光程  武文  鲍献文 《应用海洋学学报》2023,42(2):264-276

本研究利用非结构网格有限体积海洋模型FVCOM（Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model）、MDO(Mellor-Donelan-Oey)波浪模型以及可分层的植被波耗散参数化方案,通过对比有无红树林工况评估红树林的波浪衰减能力,研究了不同形态的红树林在高水位与低水位情况下的消波能力,分析了植株密度对红树林消波能力的影响。结果表明,红树林的消波系数与林带宽度呈非线性正相关,与水深的关系则与红树结构有关。以白骨壤（Avicennia marina）为代表的A型植株形态在低水位下的消波系数极大值为67.9%,高水位下则能够达到94.4%;以红海榄（Rhizophora stylosa）为代表的B型植株形态的消波系数在低水位和高水位的极大值分别为90.6%、89.4%;以角果木（Ceriops tagal）为代表的C型植株形态的消波能力在高低水位区别不大。植株密度的增加能提高红树林消波系数上限,还能使得红树林消波系数对林带宽度的变化更为敏感,减小达到消波系数极大值所需要的林带宽度。在保护现有的红树林生态系统或建立新的红树林综合减灾防护系统时,应注意不同植株结构红树林的消波能力差异,考虑植株密度对红树林消波能力的影响。本研究提出了科学可靠的红树林消波数值模拟方法,可以为红树林的保护及修复提供支撑。  相似文献   

Observational and model studies of synoptic current fluctuations in the Bohai Strait on the Chinese continental shelf     

Ding  Yang  Bao  Xianwen  Yao  Zhigang  Bi  Congcong  Wan  Kai  Bao  Min  Jiang  Zhipeng  Song  Jun  Gao  Jia 《Ocean Dynamics》2019,69(3):323-351

Ocean Dynamics - Three winter storms struck the Bohai and Yellow seas in succession during February 16–25, 2017. Periodic fluctuations of sea level, currents, temperature, and salinity were...  相似文献   

用心采写以情感人——采写于忠礼事迹的经历和体会          下载免费PDF全文

李现文 《山东国土资源》2011,27(7):66-68

"笔写真人"最难,这是很多记者同行都有过的感慨。从事新闻工作20年,采写过各种题材的新闻作品,最怕写人物通讯:既要通过细节刻画人物形象,又要处理好方方面面的关系……最终要收到"感染人、教育人、鼓舞人、激励  相似文献   

Seasonal distribution and relationship of water mass and suspended load in North Yellow Sea     

李真  鲍献文  王勇智  李娜  乔璐璐 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):907-918

The concentration of suspended load can be determined by its linear relationship to turbidity. Our results present the basic distribution of suspended load in North Yellow Sea. In summer, the suspended load concentration is high along the coast and low in the center of the sea. There are four regions of high concentration in the surface layer: Penglai and Chengshantou along the north of the Shandong Peninsula, and the coastal areas of Lüshun and Changshan Islands. There is a 2 mg/L contour at 124°E that separates the North Yellow Sea from regions of lower concentrations in the open sea to the west. And there is a 2 mg/L contour at 124°E that separates the North Yellow Sea from regions of lower concentrations in the open sea to the west. The distribution features in the 10 m and bottom layer are similar to the surface layer, however, the suspended load concentration declines in the 10 m layer while it increases in the bottom layer. And in the bottom layer there is a low suspended load concentration water mass at the region south of 38°N and east of 123°E extending to the southeast. In general, the lowest suspended load concentration in a vertical profile is at a depth of 10 to 20 m, the highest suspended load concentration is in the bottom near Chengshantou area. In winter, the distribution of suspended load is similar to summer, but the average concentrations are three times higher. There are two tongue-shaped high suspended load concentration belt, one occurring from surface to seafloor, extends to the north near Chengshantou and the other invades north to south along the east margin of Dalian Bay. They separate the low suspended load concentration water masses in the center of North Yellow Sea into east and west parts. Vertical distribution is quite uniform in the whole North Yellow Sea because of the cooling effect and strong northeast winds. The distribution of suspended load has a very close relationship to the current circulation and wind-induced waves in the North Yellow Sea. Because of this, we have been able to show for the first time that the distribution of suspended load can be used to identify water masses.  相似文献   

A novel high resolution model without open boundary conditions applied to the China Seas: first investigation on tides   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

YU Huaming  CHEN Xueen  BAO Xianwen  Thomas Pohlmann  WU Dexing 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(6):12-25

We developed a Global Ocean Circulation and Tide Model (GOCTM) with coarse grids in the open deep ocean degrading ‘smoothly’ into the highly resolved China Seas (CS) of refined grids to study the tides and circulation there.GOCTM is based on the framework of the Finite Volume approach for better mass conservation through improved transports across the discrete individual control volume.It also takes a full advantage of the geometric flexibility of unstructured mesh using a realistic global topography including the Arctic Ocean.The CS are given a special focus by refining the unstructured grids,but they are embedded into global domain naturally.Furthermore,GOCTM not only successfully avoids the treatment of the open boundaries,but also optimizes the trade-off between computational cost and model accuracy.Meanwhile,GOCTM is driven by the astronomical tide-generating potential and the secondary tide-generating potential directly,together with the wind stress and heat flux.GOCTM succeeds in reproducing the global eight principal tidal harmonic constants.Particularly,the simulated tidal results in the CS are improved compared to some other regional models with the discrepancy of 3.9 cm for M 2 tide.This idea of GOCTM can also be referred for other regional ocean study.  相似文献   

吸声覆盖层脱落状态的声学性能分析          下载免费PDF全文

赵显文  陈洲  王正伟  王沫然  王婷婷  胡珂 《数字海洋与水下攻防》2021,4(3):244-251

针对声学覆盖层脱落问题,首先以均匀分层介质理论建立覆盖层脱落模型,在垂直入射和斜入射条下,将解析解与数值计算结果进行相互验证,并计算脱落介质和脱落层厚度以及入射角度对复合结构反射和透射性能的影响。计算结果表明：脱落层介质对结构的透声性能影响较大,脱落层为空气时频响曲线变化显著,透射系数趋于 0。就反射系数而言,不同入射角度下,脱落后反射系数有所增大;水层较空气层而言对入射角度的变化敏感。  相似文献   

The inter-annual variability of the Yellow Sea Warm Current surface axis and its influencing factors   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋德海  鲍献文  王小华  徐玲玲  林霄沛  吴德星 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(3):607-613

Based on the Pathfinder sea surface temperature(PFSST),the surface axis and its pattern of the Yellow Sea Warm Current(YSWC) are discussed.A structure of double-warm-tongue is found in February and it varies in different years.Two indexes are calculated to represent the westward shift(WSI) and northward extension(NEI) of the warm water in the Yellow Sea(YS).Wavelet analysis illustrates that the WSI and NEI have prominent periods of 3-6 years and 3-4 years,respectively.The Empirical Orthogonal Function(EOF) ...  相似文献