基于激光遥感技术的硬靶相干测速试验     

陈玉宝  李强  步志超  李龙 《气象科技》2016,44(5):697-701

随着光纤激光技术的快速发展,全光纤相干多普勒激光雷达已逐步应用于大气风场探测业务中。为了更好地发挥相干多普勒激光雷达的效益,必须使激光雷达保障和使用人员更好地了解其基本原理及结构。基于多普勒效应和激光相干原理,以迈克耳逊干涉仪结构为原型,在实验室中搭建了基于532nm可见激光的空间多普勒测速系统,利用频谱处理技术,准确地测得了漫反射转轮的切向速度,直观地展示了激光相干多普勒测速系统的原理、结构及速度反演方法。此外,在532nm相干测速试验的基础上,搭建了基于1550nm激光的全光纤硬靶相干测速实验系统,开展了大量对比观测试验,在转轮速度分别为2.9m/s和4.8m/s时,试验系统与实测转轮速度之间的系统差分别为-0.01m/s和0.04m/s,标准差分别为0.08m/s和0.1m/s,说明了激光测速系统测量数据的可信性。  相似文献   

Lidar target-strength measurements on Northeast Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus)     

Tenningen  Eirik; Churnside  James H.; Slotte  Aril; Wilson  James J. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2006,63(4):677-682

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机载海洋激光荧光雷达叶绿素a测量性能模拟和初步机载实验     

张凯临  贺岩  李志刚 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,36(5):790-794

发展机载激光荧光雷达系统测量叶绿素a的浓度,模拟了采用三倍频355 nm波长激光作为激发光,机载海洋激光荧光雷达在不同飞行高度和测量不同深度水层的情况下,测量海表叶绿素a浓度的相对误差。依据模拟的参数建立机载激光荧光雷达系统并进行初步机载实验,获得了同经验数据较为一致的测量结果。  相似文献   

海洋激光雷达反演水体光学参数   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

刘志鹏  刘东  徐沛拓  吴兰  周雨迪  韩冰  刘群  宋庆君  毛志华  张与鹏  崔晓宇  陈鹏 《遥感学报》2019,23(5):944-951

研制了一套船载海洋激光雷达,用于探测海水光学参数垂直廓线。2017年8月,该系统在黄海海域进行了实验测量。在准单次散射模型中引入原位测量的光学参数,实现了理想激光雷达回波信号的模拟,并将该理想信号与系统响应函数卷积后精确复现了实验的激光雷达信号。采用Fernald后向迭代积分法(简称Fernald法),比较了不同水体悬浮物激光雷达比下反演的激光雷达衰减系数α与原位漫射衰减系数Kd的差别。基于停航时标定的水体悬浮物激光雷达比,采用Fernald法获得了走航时的激光雷达衰减系数。进一步地,提出一种基于米散射激光雷达数据和原位测量的后向散射数据的融合算法,模拟了高光谱分辨率激光雷达(HSRL)反演α的过程,并将其与Fernald法进行了比较。实验结果表明,自研的海洋激光雷达能够有效探测海水光学参数,基于合适的水体悬浮物激光雷达比的Fernald法可以有效应用于米散射激光雷达的反演,未来无需假设的HSRL在海水光学参数探测领域具有更大的优势。  相似文献   

Examination of a physically based,high‐resolution,distributed Arctic temperature‐index melt model,on Midtre Lovénbreen,Svalbard          下载免费PDF全文

T. D. L. Irvine‐Fynn  E. Hanna  N. E. Barrand  P. R. Porter  J. Kohler  A. J. Hodson 《水文研究》2014,28(1):134-149

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基于激光雷达资料的小波变换法反演边界层高度的方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李红  马媛媛  杨毅 《干旱气象》2015,(1):78-88

利用小波变换法反演边界层高度时,不同小波母函数的选取可能得到不同的边界层高度。因此,对构造的白天及夜间激光雷达后向散射信号理想廓线进行Haar小波协方差变换,并对后向散射信号梯度廓线进行Morlet与Mexican Hat小波变换反演边界层高度。结果表明,宜采用Haar函数与Mexican Hat函数作为小波母函数,其中Haar函数准确性优于Mexican Hat函数,而Mexican Hat函数更易稳定。同时为了进一步检验3种小波变换法的反演结果对小波振幅的敏感性,通过改变小波母函数的小波振幅,发现无论是理想廓线还是叠加扰动的廓线,较大的小波振幅易得到比较稳定准确的白天边界层高度与夜间混合层高度。  相似文献   

Linearly Organized Turbulence Structures Observed Over a Suburban Area by Dual-Doppler Lidar   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Rob Newsom  Ron Calhoun  David Ligon  Jerry Allwine 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2008,127(1):111-130

Dual-Doppler lidar observations are used to investigate the structure and evolution of surface-layer flow over a suburban area. The observations were made during the Joint Urban 2003 (JU2003) field experiment in Oklahoma City, U.S.A. in the summer of 2003. This study focuses specifically on a 10-h sequence of scan data beginning shortly after noon local time on 7 July 2003. During this period two coherent Doppler lidars performed overlapping low elevation angle sector scans upwind and south of Oklahoma City’s central business district. Radial velocity data from the two lidars are processed to reveal the structure and evolution of the horizontal velocity field in the surface layer throughout the afternoon and during the evening transition period. The retrieved velocity fields clearly show a tendency for turbulence structures to be elongated in the direction of the mean flow throughout the entire 10-h study period. In order to quantify the observed anisotropy and its dependence on stability, integral length scales are estimated directly from the spatially resolved velocity retrievals. As the flow became more stably stratified the characteristic cross-stream dimension of the linear structures decreased. The streamwise component was consistently more anisotropic than the cross-stream component, and both velocity components exhibited maximum anisotropy under neutral conditions. The ratio of the streamwise to cross-stream length scale was estimated to be about eight for the streamwise component, and four for the cross-stream component under neutral conditions.  相似文献   

黄土高原气溶胶垂直结构的微脉冲激光雷达观测   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

黄建平  黄忠伟  闭建荣  张武  张镭 《大气和海洋科学快报》2008,1(1):8-11

Knowledge of the vertical distribution of aerosols in the free troposphere is important for estimating their impact on climate. In this study, direct observations of the vertical distribution of aerosols in the free troposphere are made using surface Micro-Pulse Lidar (MPL) measurements. The MPL measurements were made at the Loess Plateau (35.95°N, 104.1°E), which is near the major dust source regions of the Taklimakan and Gobi deserts. The vertical distribution of the MPL backscattering suggested that non-dust aerosols floated from ground level to an altitude of approximately 9 km around the source regions. Early morning hours are characterized by a shallow aerosol layer of a few hundred meters thick. As the day progresses, strong convective eddies transport the aerosols vertically to more than 1500 m. Citation: Huang, J. P., Z. W. Huang, J. R. Bi, et al., 2008: Micro-pulse lidar measurements of aerosol vertical structure over the Loess Plateau, Atmos. Oceanic Sci. Lett., 1, 8-11  相似文献   

Doppler Lidar Measurements of Vertical Velocity Spectra in the Convective Planetary Boundary Layer   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Marie Lothon  Donald H. Lenschow  Shane D. Mayor 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2009,132(2):205-226

We utilized a Doppler lidar to measure spectra of vertical velocity w from 390m above the surface to the top of the daytime convective boundary layer (CBL). The high resolution 2μm wavelength Doppler lidar developed by the NOAA Environmental Technology Laboratory was used to detect the mean radial velocity of aerosol particles. It operated continuously during the daytime in the zenith-pointing mode for several days in summer 1996 during the Lidars-in-Flat-Terrain experiment over level farmland in central Illinois, U.S.A. The temporal resolution of the lidar was about 1 s, and the range-gate resolution was about 30m. The vertical cross-sections were used to calculate spectra as a function of height with unprecedented vertical resolution throughout much of the CBL, and, in general, we find continuity of the spectral peaks throughout the depth of the CBL. We compare the observed spectra with previous formulations based on both measurements and numerical simulations, and discuss the considerable differences, both on an averaged and a case-by-case basis. We fit the observed spectra to a model that takes into account the wavelength of the spectral peak and the curvature of the spectra across the transition from low wavenumbers to the inertial subrange. The curvature generally is as large or larger than the von Kármán spectra. There is large case-to-case variability, some of which can be linked to the mean structure of the CBL, especially the mean wind and the convective instability. We also find a large case-to-case variability in our estimates of normalized turbulent kinetic energy dissipation deduced from the spectra, likely due for the most part to a varying ratio of entrainment flux to surface flux. Finally, we find a relatively larger contribution to the low wavenumber region of the spectra in cases with smaller shear across the capping inversion, and suggest that this may be due partly to gravity waves in the inversion and overlying free atmosphere.  相似文献   

灰霾过程中的气溶胶特性观测研究   总被引：13，自引：5，他引：8  

闵敏  王普才  宗雪梅  夏俊荣  孟晓艳 《气候与环境研究》2009,14(2):153-160

结合太阳光度计、激光雷达以及其他相关数据对河北香河县2007年4月初的一次灰霾天气过程中的气溶胶特性进行了遥感研究。研究表明,在这次灰霾的爆发期间,能见度从20 km下降到3 km左右;气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）在3个波段上都明显增加,特别是380 nm处的AOD从6日的031增长到10日的140;Angstrom指数(ALPHA)也明显下降,例如340~440 nm处的ALPHA从7日的145下降到10日的099。从AOD和ALPHA在短波处的较大变化、体积浓度谱的粗模态粒子的大量增加和PM10浓度值的变化分析来看,这次灰霾过程中的气溶胶数浓度明显增加,其中还含有大颗粒物的大量导入。激光雷达探测消光系数的垂直分布也显示气溶胶在垂直高度上达到了近3 000 m左右。从微物理特征的变化上看,这次灰霾过程中局地气溶胶的散射能力增强,吸收能力减弱。另外,通过HYSPLIT模式对后向轨迹的模拟和对NCEP数据的分析,发现这次灰霾过程中所包含的大颗粒物的主要源地可能是蒙古地区,所以气溶胶呈现了一定的沙尘气溶胶特征。  相似文献