Fingerprinting the Late Pleistocene tephras of Ciomadul volcano,eastern–central Europe     

Szabolcs Harangi  Kata Molnár  Axel K. Schmitt  István Dunkl  Ioan Seghedi  Ágnes Novothny  Mihály Molnár  Balázs Kiss  Theodoros Ntaflos  Paul R. D. Mason  Réka Lukács 《第四纪科学杂志》2020,35(1-2):232-244

Late Pleistocene tephras derived by large explosive volcanic eruptions are widespread in the Mediterranean and surrounding areas. They are important isochronous markers in stratigraphic sections and therefore it is important to constrain their sources. We report here tephrochronology results using multiple criteria to characterize the volcanic products of the Late Pleistocene Ciomadul volcano in eastern–central Europe. This dacitic volcano had an explosive eruption stage between 57 and 30 ka. The specific petrological character (ash texture, occurrence of plagioclase and amphibole phenocrysts and their compositions), the high-K calc-alkaline major element composition and particularly the distinct trace element characteristics provide a strong fingerprint of the Ciomadul volcano. This can be used for correlating tephra and cryptotephra occurrences within this timeframe. Remarkably, during this period several volcanic eruptions produced tephras with similar glass major element composition. However, they differ from Ciomadul tephras by glass trace element abundances, ratios of strongly incompatible trace elements and their mineral cargo that serve as discrimination tools. We used (U-Th)/He zircon dates combined with U-Th in situ rim dates along with luminescence and radiocarbon dating to constrain the age of the explosive eruptions of Ciomadul that yielded distal tephra layers but lack of identified proximal deposits.  相似文献   

A map-matching algorithm dealing with sparse cellular fingerprint observations     

Andrea Dalla Torre  Paolo Gallo  Chris Marshall  Angelo Montanari  Federico Pittino 《地球空间信息科学学报》2019,22(2):89-106

ABSTRACT

The widespread availability of mobile communication makes mobile devices a resource for the collection of data about mobile infrastructures and user mobility. In these contexts, the problem of reconstructing the most likely trajectory of a device on the road network on the basis of the sequence of observed locations (map-matching problem) turns out to be particularly relevant. Different contributions have demonstrated that the reconstruction of the trajectory of a device with good accuracy is technically feasible even when only a sparse set of GNSS positions is available. In this paper, we face the problem of coping with sparse sequences of cellular fingerprints. Compared to GNSS positions, cellular fingerprints provide coarser spatial information, but they work even when a device is missing GNSS positions or is operating in an energy saving mode. We devise a new map-matching algorithm, that exploits the well-known Hidden Markov Model and Random Forests to successfully deal with noisy and sparse cellular observations. The performance of the proposed solution has been tested over a medium-sized Italian city urban environment by varying both the sampling of the observations and the density of the fingerprint map as well as by including some GPS positions into the sequence of fingerprint observations.  相似文献   

Oscarella balibaloi,a new sponge species (Homoscleromorpha: Plakinidae) from the Western Mediterranean Sea: cytological description,reproductive cycle and ecology     

Thierry Pérez  Julijana Ivanisevic  Maude Dubois  Laura Pedel  Olivier P. Thomas  Daria Tokina  Alexander V. Ereskovsky 《Marine Ecology》2011,32(2):174-187

A new homoscleromorph sponge species was observed for the first time in 2002 along the coast of Provence (France) and since then, several investigations have been implemented. The new homoscleromorph species is devoid of skeleton and it is thus related to the Oscarella genus. Oscarella balibaloi sp. nov. has been found in several littoral submarine caves of the Western Mediterranean Sea (France and Spain). After several years of monitoring, we show that this sponge is becoming abundant in several locations. The species has a peculiar habit, often overgrowing massive sponges, gorgonians or some erected bryozoans. Oscarella balibaloi sp. nov. is thinly encrusting, with an irregular morphology, lobate surface, and soft and very slimy consistency. Its color is white to orange. At the cytological level, this new species is characterized by three distinct types of cells with inclusions in its mesohyl: one with vacuoles and the others with paracrystalline inclusions. The reproduction pattern is very similar to other Oscarella species. We also present a specific metabolic fingerprint and compare it to that of other Mediterranean Oscarella species.  相似文献   

Speeding Up the Analytical Workflow for Coltan Fingerprinting by an Integrated Mineral Liberation Analysis/LA‐ICP‐MS Approach     

Hans‐Eike Gäbler  Frank Melcher  Torsten Graupner  Andreas Bahr  Maria A. Sitnikova  Friedhelm Henjes‐Kunst  Thomas Oberthür  Helene Brätz  Axel Gerdes 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2011,35(4):431-448

Coltan (the African trade name for columbite‐tantalite, a tantalum ore) is one of several raw materials that finance the civil wars in the eastern provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. To improve the transparency along the tantalum trade chain, a ‘certificate of origin’ for so‐called ‘conflict minerals’ has been recommended by the United Nations. Accordingly, the German Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) has developed an analytical fingerprint procedure for coltan. Mineral formation age, modal mineralogy and chemical composition are important fingerprint parameters. The original workflow to obtain these parameters was streamlined and is now based on mineral liberation analysis and LA‐ICP‐MS. The use of an ICP‐MS instrument with a detector system covering an extended linear dynamic range and the application of an internal standard‐independent calibration strategy allowed data for major and trace element determination and mineral formation age estimates to be obtained simultaneously. The analytical results of this new approach were compared with analytical techniques of the original workflow and showed excellent agreement in terms of mineralogical and chemical characterisation and mineral formation age of coltan samples. Within a test, samples of different origin were allocated correctly and simple, binary mixtures were also identified successfully.  相似文献   

WiFi指纹定位中AP个数对定位精度的影响     

刘少伟  花向红  邱卫宁  舒颖  魏康  彭雪生 《测绘工程》2017,26(2)

基于RSSI的WiFi指纹定位算法离线建立指纹数据库阶段受AP个数影响,因此AP个数也将影响到指纹定位算法精度。为了探究AP个数对定位精度的影响,文中在室内环境下进行实验,选取不同的AP进行基于RSSI的WiFi指纹定位实验和分析,定位精度和可靠性作为定位结果的衡量指标。实验结果表明:在单个办公室内,5~6个AP时定位精度较高且定位结果可靠性达到最高。  相似文献   

Fingerprinting of soil organic matter as a proxy for assessing climate and vegetation changes in last interglacial palaeosols (Veldwezelt, Belgium)     

Karen Vancampenhout  Katinka Wouters  Peter Buurman  Jozef Deckers 《Quaternary Research》2008,69(1):145-162

Soil characteristics in palaeosols are an important source of information on past climate and vegetation. Fingerprinting of soil organic matter (SOM) by pyrolysis-GC/MS is assessed as a proxy for palaeo-reconstruction in the complex of humic layers on top of the Rocourt pedosequence in the Veldwezelt-Hezerwater outcrop (Belgian loess belt). The fingerprints of the extractable SOM of different soil units are related to total organic carbon content, δ¹³C and grain-size analysis. Combined results indicate that the lower unit of the humic complex reflects a stable soil surface, allowing SOM build-up, intensive microbial activity and high decomposition. Higher in the profile, decomposition and microbial activity decrease. This is supported by a shift in the isotopic signal, an increased U ratio and evidence of wildfires. Although the chemical composition of the extracted SOM differed greatly from recent SOM, fingerprinting yielded detailed new information on SOM degree of decomposition and microbial contribution, allowing the reconstruction of palaeo-environmental conditions during pedogenesis.  相似文献   

一种面向位置数据隐私保护的离线地磁定位模型     

陈诗军  林利成  徐小龙  陈大伟  王园园 《南京气象学院学报》2017,9(5):509-515

基于位置服务给人们的生活带来极大的便利,而目前定位系统特别是室内定位普遍依赖于无线网络信号.很多情况下,用户有位置隐私保护的需求,然而,在目前的大数据时代,基于网络的室内定位服务要求用户将个人位置信息实时提供给服务提供商,这导致用户隐私的泄露.如何有效实现室内的基于位置服务,并且保护用户的个人位置信息就成了大数据时代的一个关键问题.本文介绍了一种面向位置数据隐私保护的离线地磁定位模型,利用加速度传感器和微机电磁力计检测行人步态和地球磁场来实现室内定位.本模型利用加速度计检测行人的步态信息,配合磁力计检测的磁场信息与指纹地图进行匹配,实现了室内定位需求的同时又解决了用户位置信息泄露的问题,为大数据时代如何保护用户的位置信息提供了一个有效的解决办法.  相似文献   

利用方向场进行指纹图像快速分区     

陈晖  舒欣  殷建平 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2012,37(2):165-169,124

指纹方向场真实地反映了指纹图像中本质的纹理特征,包括指纹的基本形状、结构和走势。方向场图像在局部区域表现相对一致,而在全局范围则表现出较大的差异。基于方向场对指纹图像进行分区,可以提供一种有用的辅助性全局特征。本文提出了一种指纹图像快速分区方法,并结合一种基于局部描述子的指纹图像匹配算法给出了其应用实例。在FVC2004DB1数据集上设计了实验,结果表明,这种分区方法能有效地提高识别率,同时缩短处理时间。  相似文献   

一种高效的适用于遥感影像的内容安全保护方案     

徐彦彦  徐正全  张玉霞 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2012,37(8):936-939

基于JFD框架,利用基于选择性内容加密的加解密策略提高加密安全性,以及基于结构失真度选择指纹嵌入区域,以降低指纹嵌入对图像质量的影响,为此提出了一种新的指纹生成控制方法,使指纹图像具有良好的抗合谋攻击性。实验结果证明了本文方案的有效性。  相似文献   

基于ARM的指纹识别平台设计   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

支华  巢佰崇  陈雪丰 《地理空间信息》2005,3(3):23-24,31

设计了一种指纹识别实验平台,该硬件平台采用Atmel公司的AT9155800A(ARM7)芯片和ST公司的TFM2.0指纹传感器加以实现。该系统采用传统模糊模式识别技术与神经网络模型相结合的算法,即在提取指纹模板有效特征值的基础上,训练神经网络判别器进行指纹识别。  相似文献