Underground excavation shape optimization considering material nonlinearities     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2014

The shape of an underground opening is a major factor influencing the stability of the underground excavation. Obtaining an optimized shape is significant in civil and mining engineering applications for increasing stability and reducing costs. This paper presents an updated method for finding the optimal shape of an underground excavation using the latest bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) techniques considering material nonlinearities. Recent development in the BESO applications to underground excavation is discussed through illustrated examples. Details are given of the BESO method used to finding the optimal shape based on the global stiffness. The methodology of the stiffness based optimization techniques is described with examples of applications to underground excavation. Applications to underground void structures, such as cavern and tunnel, as well as underground solid structure such mine pillar are demonstrated. It is concluded that stiffness based optimization techniques are applicable to underground excavations and practical shape of an excavation can be generated as a result of the BESO application.  相似文献   

Optimization of site exploration program for improved prediction of tunneling-induced ground settlement in clays     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2014

Excessive settlement caused by tunneling during construction often damages adjacent infrastructures and utilities. Such excessive settlement can also present a challenge in the maintenance of subways during their operation. Thus, it is important to be able to accurately predict tunneling-induced settlement. The uncertainties in geotechnical parameters, however, can lead to either an overestimation or an underestimation of the tunneling-induced settlement. Such uncertainties can arise from many sources such as spatial variability, measurement error, and model error; in this paper, the focus is on the geotechnical parameters characterization from site exploration. The goal here is to determine an optimal level of site exploration effort so that effective predictions of the tunneling-induced settlement in clays can be achieved. To this end, a Monte Carlo simulation-based numerical model of site exploration is first established to generate artificial test data. Then, a series of parametric analyses are performed to investigate the relationship between the level of site exploration effort and the accuracy of the tunneling-induced ground settlement prediction. Through the assumed different levels of site exploration effort, statistics of soil parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood method and the tunneling-induced ground settlement is then analyzed using the probabilistic method, and finally the effect of site exploration effort is assessed. The knowledge generated from this series of analyses is then used to develop the proposed framework for selecting an optimal site exploration program for improved prediction of the tunneling-induced ground settlement in clays. Examples are presented to illustrate the proposed framework and demonstrate its effectiveness and significance.  相似文献   

从瞬变电磁场到波场的优化算法   总被引：9，自引：5，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

李貅  薛国强  宋建平  郭文波  武军杰 《地球物理学报》2005,48(5):1185-1190

在波场的正变换中,保证瞬变电磁场的计算精度的同时,应用两步最优化算法,成功地控制和减少了积分系数个数和离散数字积分的采样点个数,解决了在波场反变换式中,由于积分系数过多而产生的欠定方程组的问题,同时改善了第一类算子方程的不适定性.在波场反变换中,将正则化算法用于逆变换过程的计算中,通过采用偏差原理和Newton迭代格式选出最优的正则化参数,使得反变换所得到的波场稳定、可靠.通过对数值计算结果与已知波场函数对比,证明了该方法的有效性和实用性.  相似文献   

共反射面元叠加的应用实践   总被引：19，自引：5，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

杨锴  王华忠  马在田 《地球物理学报》2004,47(2):327-331

共反射面元（Common Reflection Surface）叠加是一种不依赖于宏观速度模型的零炮检距剖面成像方法,实现共反射面元叠加依赖于3个波场属性参数的确定,它们分别是零偏移距射线的出射角α、Normal波和Normal Incident Point波出射到地表的波前曲率半径RN和RNIP. 在CRS叠加的理论基础上,本文阐述如何在实际数据上实现CRS叠加. 首先,通过简洁的一维相关性分析在常规叠加剖面上找到对应该共反射面元的一组初始波场属性参数(α,RN,RNIP),然后在对应的叠前数据上应用最优化算法对这组参数进行优化处理,相比初始属性参数,优化后的属性参数能够更好地聚集来自地下反射层的能量,最后应用优化后的属性参数实现最优CRS叠加.  相似文献   

CPU/GPU near real-time preprocessing for ZY-3 satellite images: Relative radiometric correction,MTF compensation,and geocorrection     

《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2014

ZY-3 is the first high-accuracy civil stereo-mapping optical satellite of China. It greatly improves China’s optical satellite image resolution with a boom in data volume, calling for new challenges in processing real-time applications. On the other hand, using central processing unit (CPU)/graphic processing unit (GPU) to resolve data-intensive remote sensing problems becomes a hot issue. In this paper, we present an approach for CPU/GPU near real-time preprocessing of ZY-3 satellite images, focusing on three key processors: relative radiometric correction (RRC), modulation transfer function compensation (MTFC), and geocorrection (GC). First, basic GPU implementation issues are addressed to make the processors capable of processing with GPU. Second, three effective GPU specific optimizations are applied for further improvement of the GPU performance. Furthermore, to fully exploit the CPU’s computing horsepower within the system, a CPU/GPU workload distribution scheme is proposed, in which CPU undertakes partial computation to share the workloads of GPU. The experimental result shows that our approach achieved an overall 48.84-fold speedup ratio in ZY-3 nadir image preprocessing (the corresponding run time is 11.60 s for one image), which is capable of meeting the requirement of near real-time response to the applications that follow. In addition, with the supportability of IEEE 754–2008 floating-point standard in the Fermi type GPU, preprocessing ZY-3 images with our CPU/GPU processors could maintain the quality of image preprocess as done traditionally with CPU processors.  相似文献   

自适应变异粒子群优化灰色模型在变形分析中的应用     

马符讯  徐南  马成 《测绘工程》2014,(5):55-57

标准灰色模型GM(1,1)以序列第一个分量作为初始条件进行灰色微分建模,未能充分利用序列中的新信息;其背景值的构造本质上采用了数值积分中的梯形法,精度不高。针对上述缺点,提出一种基于粒子群算法的灰色预测模型,即PSOGM(1,1)模型,对初始值和背景值参数进行优化,并将模型应用于岩体变形分析中。计算结果表明,PSOGM(1,1)模型具有较高的预测精度,可作为变形分析的一种新方法。  相似文献   

格点大气环流模式GAMIL2参数不确定性的量化分析与优化          下载免费PDF全文

张涛  谢丰  薛巍  李立娟  许皓宇  王斌 《地球物理学报》2016,59(2):465-475

物理过程参数化方案的不确定性是目前气候系统模式不确定性的重要来源之一.随着模式内在复杂度攀升,模拟场景多样化,参数化方案中基于先验的和人工的物理参数选取方法已经逐步成为限制模式模拟能力的瓶颈之一.为此,本文设计并提出了初选与寻优相结合的两步法参数优化方案.初选阶段用全因子采样方法对不确定参数空间进行初始敏感性分析,估计最优解所在区域;寻优步采用单纯型下山法,基于初选阶段确定的参数组合快速寻优.将两步法应用于中国科学院大气物理研究所(英文缩写:IAP)大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室(英文缩写:LASG)格点大气模式第2版:GAMIL2,选取其深对流方案和云量方案中的3个重要参数开展寻优,优化以综合减小模式降水、风场、温度、湿度、位势高度以及辐射通量的误差为目标.这些变量用GAMIL2标准版本标准化后形成单一的目标.结果显示,优化后的目标函数值比GAMIL2标准版本改进了7.5%.机理分析表明,调优后的参数优化了大气中的水汽凝结作用,进而减少模式的湿度偏差,改进云量的模拟效果;同时水汽凝结作用的变化通过大气内部动力和热力相互作用及响应影响温度、位势高度和风场的模拟.  相似文献   

对转压气机三维掠动叶优化设计          下载免费PDF全文

曹志远  刘波  张国臣  杨小东  陈得胜  李俊 《海洋科学进展》2013,(4):486-492

为探索三维掠动叶降低对转压气机二次流损失的潜力,进一步提高对转压气机气动性能,基于近似函数与遗传算法,针对某对转压气机双排转子在整机环境下进行三维掠动叶优化设计,并对优化前后流场进行对比分析。优化成功的得到了双排“S”形掠动叶,结果表明:三维掠动叶有效改善了双排动叶吸力面径向二次流,减小了吸力面低速区,提高了对转压气机性能,优化工况点整机效率提高0.6%,全工况范围内效率均有所提高;三维掠动叶提高对转压气机效率的根本原因是其对径向负荷分配的重新调整,将叶展下方流动较差区域负荷移至叶展上方,改善流场的同时保证对转压气机负荷不变。   相似文献   

A decision support system for floating platform design     

J. Vasconcellos 《Ocean Engineering》1999,26(9):865

This paper describes a methodology developed for the preliminary design of floating production platforms. The preliminary design approach interlinks the mathematical design model with global optimization techniques. To illustrate the design procedure, the initial intermediate and final results are presented. They provide a clear understanding of the mathematical model and the decision support system. The preliminary design approach described here is based on the commercial software which is interfaced to what is called the FPS system and linked to a SEARCH package for design solutions. The paper summarizes the preliminary design approach, the mathematical model optimization and presents semisubmersible and TLP platform examples.  相似文献   

Investigation on the energy absorption performance of a fixed-bottom pressure-differential wave energy converter     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

In this article, we investigate the energy absorption performance of a fixed-bottom pressure-differential wave energy converter. Two versions of the technology are considered: one has the moving surfaces on the bottom of the air chambers whereas the other has the moving surfaces on the top. We developed numerical models in the frequency domain, thereby enabling the power absorption of the two versions of the device to be assessed. It is observed that the moving surfaces on the top allow for easier tuning of the natural period of the system. Taking into account stroke limitations, the design is optimized. Results indicate that the pressure-differential wave energy converter is a highly efficient technology both with respect to energy absorption and selected economic performance indicators.  相似文献