考虑土拱效应的抗滑桩桩间挡土板压力计算方法          下载免费PDF全文

李婷  肖世国 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2019,30(4):85-91

为合理计算抗滑桩桩间挡土板的内力与变形,采用弹性力学理论分析了桩间土拱效应,计算确定出土拱的平面形态呈中间凸起而两侧略微凹陷的曲线特征,在此基础上,引入Drucker-Prager强度准则以考虑中间主应力影响分析三维土拱效应,通过桩间土体的屈服函数分析确定了沿竖向变化的水平土拱矢高,进而计算出因桩间局部塌落拱的产生而作用于挡土板上的土压力,并按空间土压力分布模式与矩形简支板模型计算挡土板。实例分析结果表明,本文方法和数值模拟得到的沿深度方向土拱矢高值较为接近;本文方法与规范方法计算得到的板体最大弯矩值相近,其误差不超过3%。  相似文献   

南海共轭陆缘新生代碳酸盐台地 对海盆构造演化的响应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴时国  张新元 《地球科学》2015,40(2):234-248

南海新生代碳酸盐台地分布面积广、厚度巨大,但大部分已经淹没,成为淹没碳酸盐台地,它们孕育着南海海盆演变的 重要信息.南海碳酸盐台地伴随着南海陆缘张裂而发育,最初主要发育在两个共轭陆缘伸展地块的构造高地.南海经历了大陆 边缘伸展、岩石圈减薄和地幔剥露等过程,始新世到早渐新世的第二期NE-SW 向扩张,形成了破裂不整合面,随之发生了晚 渐新世至早中新世的海底扩张,形成中央海盆.构造沉降提供了台地生长的可容纳空间,构造掀斜作用、断裂作用和前陆盆地 前沿挤压褶皱的迁移控制了台地各单元厚度、沉积相和地震反射终止特征在横向上的变化,构造控制的相对海平面的变化控 制了不同级序生物礁碳酸盐台地的沉积旋回,而后期加速沉降导致碳酸盐台地淹没.   相似文献   

Low-amplitude BSRs and gas hydrate concentration on the northern margin of the South China Sea     

Shiguo Wu  Xiujuan Wang  How Kin Wong  Guangxue Zhang 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2007,28(2):127-138

The passive northern continental margin of the South China Sea is rich in gas hydrates, as inferred from the occurrence of bottom-simulating reflectors (BSR) and from well logging data at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) drill sites. Nonetheless, BSRs on new 2D multichannel seismic reflection data from the area around the Dongsha Islands (the Dongsha Rise) are not ubiquitous. They are confined to complex diapiric structures and active fault zones located between the Dongsha Rise and the surrounding depressions, implying that gas hydrate occurrence is likewise limited to these areas. Most of the BSRs have low amplitude and are therefore not clearly recognizable. Acoustic impedance provides information on rock properties and has been used to estimate gas hydrate concentration. Gas hydrate-bearing sediments have acoustic impedance that is higher than that of the surrounding sediments devoid of hydrates. Based on well logging data, the relationship between acoustic impedance and porosity can be obtained by a linear regression, and the degree of gas hydrate saturation can be determined using Archie’s equation. By applying these methods to multichannel seismic data and well logging data from the northern South China Sea, the gas hydrate concentration is found to be 3–25% of the pore space at ODP Site 1148 depending on sub-surface depth, and is estimated to be less than values of 5% estimated along seismic profile 0101. Our results suggest that saturation of gas hydrate in the northern South China Sea is higher than that estimated from well resistivity log data in the gas hydrate stability zone, but that free gas is scarce beneath this zone. It is probably the scarcity of free gas that is responsible for the low amplitudes of the BSRs.  相似文献   

前向散射式能见度仪示值对比及标定方法研究     

王敏  张世国  汪玮  方海涛  陆斌  刘清彬  高兰达 《气象科技》2017,45(2):217-222

实时、准确的能见度测量数据对指导交通监测预警和空气质量评价具有重要意义。叙述前向散射式能见度仪测量原理,介绍能见度实验室内的检测技术和检测方法。基于安徽省大气探测技术保障中心研制的能见度环境模拟方舱,对3个国产厂家的前向散射式能见度仪进行检测,对比了能见度仪示值的一致程度,分析了影响示值偏差的原因。针对我国目前未建立能见度量传体系现状,提出了标定厂家系统常数以减少测量误差的方法。研究结果表明:同一厂家生产的前向散射式能见度仪测量结果一致性相对较好。能见度小于1.5km时,标准偏差均值最大为131.3m。能见度在1.5~10km时,标准偏差均值最大为457.4m。不同厂家生产的能见度仪示值偏差较大,能见度在1.5~10km时,最大相对误差均值达到-40.9%。重新标定系统常数后,能见度仪示值一致性明显提高。  相似文献   

Cenozoic magmatism in the northern continental margin of the South China Sea: evidence from seismic profiles     

Qiao Zhang  Shiguo Wu  Dongdong Dong 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2016,37(2):71-94

Igneous rocks in the northern margin of the South China Sea (SCS) have been identified via high resolution multi-channel seismic data in addition to other geophysical and drilling well data. This study identified intrusive and extrusive structures including seamounts and buried volcanoes, and their seismic characteristics. Intrusive features consist of piercement and implicit-piercement type structures, indicating different energy input associated with diapir formation. Extrusive structures are divided into flat-topped and conical-topped seamounts. Three main criteria (the overlying strata, the contact relationship and sills) were used to distinguish between intrusive rocks and buried volcanos. Three criteria are also used to estimate the timing of igneous rock formation: the contact relationship, the overlying sedimentary thickness and seismic reflection characteristics. These criteria are applied to recognize and distinguish between three periods of Cenozoic magmatism in the northern margin of the SCS: before seafloor spreading (Paleocene and Eocene), during seafloor spreading (Early Oligocene–Mid Miocene) and after cessation of seafloor spreading (Mid Miocene–Recent). Among them, greater attention is given to the extensive magmatism since 5.5 Ma, which is present throughout nearly all of the study area, making it a significant event in the SCS. Almost all of the Cenozoic igneous rocks were located below the 1500 m bathymetric contour. In contrast with the wide distribution of igneous rocks in the volcanic rifted margin, igneous rocks in the syn-rift stage of the northern margin of the SCS are extremely sporadic, and they could only be found in the southern Pearl River Mouth basin and NW sub-sea basin. The ocean–continent transition of the northern SCS exhibits high-angle listric faults, concentrated on the seaward side of the magmatic zone, and a sharply decreased crust, with little influence from a mantle plume. These observations provide further evidence to suggest that the northern margin of the SCS is a magma-poor rifted margin.  相似文献   

广东台山淤泥质海岸高分辨率地震资料解释     

刘海龄  吴时国  魏常兴  杨树康  陈丽虹 《热带海洋学报》1999,18(2):36

根据广东台山广海湾150km高分辨率地震资料,研究岬湾型海岸起伏多变的基底和上覆的第四纪沉积层序、沉积演化以及复杂的新构造作用。该区晚第四纪自下而上发育有5个层序：（1）滨海相杂色粘土,下部为河道充填;（2）河道冲积砂;（3）内大陆架粉砂质粘土;（4）滨海相潮坪沉积;（5）河口湾淤泥质沉积。研究区基底形态起伏较大,主要为黑云母花岗岩风化壳及少量变质岩。NNE和NEE向两组断裂系统最为发育,它们控制了盆地发展并经历了两期活动。  相似文献   

大型水库分层期和混合期溶存温室气体空间变化及排放通量     

金业  陈小强  廖苗苗  关昊鹏  赵化德  许士国 《湖泊科学》2023,35(3):1082-1096

水库作为温室气体的重要来源,对区域气候变化有不可忽略的影响。然而,目前对水库溶存温室气体的空间异质性及垂向特征的认知仍然欠缺。为了揭示水库分层期和混合期溶存温室气体空间特征及排放通量,也为厘清水库温室气体产生和排放的关键过程提供重要支撑。研究选择东北地区大型水库——汤河水库为对象,于2021年7—9月和10月(分别代表水库分层期和混合期)对水库不同位置(坝前、库中和库尾)开展溶存温室气体垂向分层监测。研究结果显示,水库CH₄排放通量变化范围为0.018～0.174 mmol/(m²·d),是大气CH₄的源,空间分布为库尾>库中>坝前;CO₂通量为-4.91～58.77 mmol/(m²·d),除分层期东支库尾,其余点位均表现为大气CO₂的源,空间分布为坝前>库中>库尾。时间上,分层期CH₄排放通量(0.071±0.044 mmol/(m²·d))高于混合期((0.027±0.008) mm...  相似文献   

考虑多要素影响的汤河水库水温结构模拟与分析     

敖瑞贵  闫晓惠  关昊鹏  林琳  许士国 《水文》2024,44(1):104-111

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Post‐seafloor spreading magmatism and associated magmatic hydrothermal systems in the Xisha uplift region,northwestern South China Sea     

Jinwei Gao  Nathan Bangs  Shiguo Wu  Guanqiang Cai  Shuoshuo Han  Benjun Ma  Jiliang Wang  Yangbing Xie  Wenkai Huang  Dongdong Dong  Dawei Wang 《Basin Research》2019,31(4):688-708

Submarine magmatism and associated hydrothermal fluid flows has significant feedback influence on the petroleum geology of sedimentary basins. This study uses new seismic profiles and multibeam bathymetric data to examine the morphology and internal architecture of post‐seafloor spreading magmatic structures, especially volcanoes of the Xisha uplift, in extensive detail. We discover for the first time hydrothermal systems derived from magmatism in the northwestern South China Sea. Numerous solitary volcanoes and volcanic groups occur in the Xisha uplift and produce distinct seismic reflections together with plutons. Sills and other localized amplitude anomalies were fed by extrusions/intrusions and associated fluid flow through fractures and sedimentary layers that may act as conduits for magma and fluid flows transport. Hydrothermal structures such as pipes and pockmarks mainly occur in the proximity of volcanoes or accompany volcanic groups. Pipes, pockmarks and localized amplitude anomalies mainly constitute the magmatic hydrothermal systems, which are probably driven by post‐seafloor spreading volcanoes/plutons. The hydrothermal fluid flows released by magma degassing or/and related boiling of pore fluids/metamorphic dehydration reactions in sediments produced local overpressures, which drove upward flow of fluid or horizontal flow into the sediments or even seafloor. Results show that post‐seafloor spreading magmatic activity is more intense during a 5.5 Ma event than one in 2.6 Ma, whereas the hydrothermal activities are more active during 2.6 Ma than in 5.5 Ma. Our analysis indicates that post‐seafloor spreading magmatism may have a significant effect on hydrocarbon maturation and gas hydrate formation in the Xisha uplift and adjacent petroliferous basins. Consequently the study presented here improves our understanding of hydrocarbon exploration in the northwestern South China Sea.  相似文献   

Deep-sea geohazards in the South China Sea     

Shiguo Wu  Dawei Wang  David Völker 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2018,17(1):1-7

Various geological processes and features that might inflict hazards identified in the South China Sea by using new technologies and methods.These features include submarine landslides,pockmark fields,shallow free gas,gas hydrates,mud diapirs and earthquake tsunami,which are widely distributed in the continental slope and reefal islands of the South China Sea.Although the study and assessment of geohazards in the South China Sea came into operation only recently,advances in various aspects are evolving at full speed to comply with National Marine Strategy and‘the Belt and Road’Policy.The characteristics of geohazards in deep-water seafloor of the South China Sea are summarized based on new scientific advances.This progress is aimed to aid ongoing deep-water drilling activities and decrease geological risks in ocean development.  相似文献