星系团的分层效应     

赵君亮 《天文学进展》2007,25(3):206-214

对星系团各类分层效应的有关问题做了概要的评述,包括成员星系在位置空间和(或)速度空间中的形态分层、光度(质量)分层和元素丰度分层的表现形式和探测途径,分层效应可能的形成机制及其对星系和星系团的结构和演化的影响。  相似文献   

GAIM电离层同化方法进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄珹  郭鹏  洪振杰  严豪健  胡小工  丁金才  张训械 《天文学进展》2007,25(3):236-248

电离层是复杂的空间层结,其变化受太阳活动强度、地球磁场等因素影响。随着空间技术发展的需求,电离层天气变化成为目前空间天气预报最重要的内容之一。最近10年,人们利用卫星在电离层观测方面取得了重大进展,尤其引人注意的是:无线电掩星观测技术正走向应用的新阶段,加上已经建立的全球大量的地基GPS观测网,它们不仅为电离层动力学模式研究提供了丰富的电离层资料,而且为电离层预报提供了很好基础。因此,电离层天气预报成为当前重要的、前瞻性的研究方向,电离层资料同化是电离层预报最重要的研究内容之一。该文系统介绍这方面国际动态,重点是美国的USC/JPL和犹他州大学开展全球电离层同化模型研究、全球电离层同化研究的进展,以及在电离层天气预报中应用的初步成果。  相似文献   

中资企业研发国际化研究述评   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

司月芳  延留霞  张翌 《地理研究》2020,39(5):1056-1069

中资跨国公司研发国际化服务于中国"全面提高开放型经济水平"和"创新驱动发展战略"两大政策方针,是重要的地理学研究前沿。本文系统评述了中资企业研发国际化的定义、理论基础、研究内容、数据和方法,发现基于发达国家跨国公司实践建立起的经典理论还不足以解释中资企业行为。相比于快速发展的中资企业跨国研发活动行为,现有的实证研究存在着研究视角、内容和方法的局限,未来应发扬地理学多尺度研究的优势,综合分析企业研发国际化与区域发展的互动机制;发扬地理学重视区域差异的优势,开展在"一带一路"国家中资企业研发国际化的异质性研究;发扬地理学重视实地调研的优势,综合多种方法和数据的相互印证。  相似文献   

Fishing safety policy and research     

Carlos Perez-Labajos 《Marine Policy》2008

Fishing has been and is still one of the most dangerous of all human activities. In the field of fishing safety policy, it is acknowledged that the development of a working legal framework of reference is a vital prior condition for the implementation of measures aimed at its improving safety. However, the research work on fishing safety does not have at disposal records of a sufficient number of accidents and in most cases is not comparable from one country to another. Moreover, there is no work that focuses on a global view of fishing safety. The aim of the present work is to outline the state-of-the-art in fishing safety. To this end, aspects of fishing safety which are a major concern of institutions, organizations and researchers alike are analysed. Thus, several questions are addressed, such as: what institutional policy is given to the activity of the fishing sector to improve safety; what aspects and/or parameters are normally used to analyse fishing accidents; what is the usual spatial domain of this analysis; and what are the topics of the research carried out in fishing safety? The results of this analysis, among other aspects, identify eight specific lines of research followed in fishing safety and five which deal with aspects of safety at sea related to the fishing sector.  相似文献   

空间钟与基础物理测试     

翟造成 《天文学进展》2007,25(2):161-168

原子钟当前已经发展到很高的水平,它们在空间科学试验中发挥了重要的作用．该文介绍了世界上正在开展的高精度空间钟计划及其对科学测量的意义．对应用空间钟可能进行的某些感兴趣的基础物理测试也进行了描述。  相似文献   

农作物长势遥感监测业务化应用与研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈怀亮  李颖  张红卫 《气象与环境科学》2015,38(1):95-102

农作物长势监测可为田间管理提供及时的决策支持信息和早期估产提供依据。为了更好地研究作物生长过程中不同遥感监测作物长势方法的适用性,从多光谱遥感数据、高光谱遥感数据和微波遥感数据的应用及遥感监测指标与模型模拟方面综述了国内外农作物长势遥感监测研究及业务化应用的最新进展,指出了未来拟重点加强的研究任务,包括高时空分辨率和高光谱分辨率遥感数据的业务化技术、多遥感反演参数协同监测作物长势技术研发、基于遥感信息与作物过程模型的集合预报技术研究、全球尺度作物长势监测业务运行系统研发。  相似文献   

Arctic sea ice and Eurasian climate: A review   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

GAO Yongqi  SUN Jianqi  LI Fei  HE Shengping  Stein SANDVEN  YAN Qing  ZHANG Zhongshi  Katja LOHMANN  Noel KEENLYSIDE  Tore FUREVIK  SUO Lingling 《大气科学进展》2015,32(1):92-114

The Arctic plays a fundamental role in the climate system and has shown significant climate change in recent decades,including the Arctic warming and decline of Arctic sea-ice extent and thickness. In contrast to the Arctic warming and reduction of Arctic sea ice, Europe, East Asia and North America have experienced anomalously cold conditions, with record snowfall during recent years. In this paper, we review current understanding of the sea-ice impacts on the Eurasian climate.Paleo, observational and modelling studies are covered to summarize several major themes, including: the variability of Arctic sea ice and its controls; the likely causes and apparent impacts of the Arctic sea-ice decline during the satellite era,as well as past and projected future impacts and trends; the links and feedback mechanisms between the Arctic sea ice and the Arctic Oscillation/North Atlantic Oscillation, the recent Eurasian cooling, winter atmospheric circulation, summer precipitation in East Asia, spring snowfall over Eurasia, East Asian winter monsoon, and midlatitude extreme weather; and the remote climate response(e.g., atmospheric circulation, air temperature) to changes in Arctic sea ice. We conclude with a brief summary and suggestions for future research.  相似文献   

A critical appraisal of Sustainable Consumption and Production research: The reformist,revolutionary and reconfiguration positions     

《Global Environmental Change》2015

This conceptual review article provides a critical appraisal of Sustainable Consumption and Production research, which is currently framed by two generic positions. First, the ‘reformist’ position, which focuses on firms pursuing green eco-innovations and consumers buying eco-efficient products, represents the political and academic orthodoxy. Second, the ‘revolutionary’ position, which is a radical critique of the mainstream, advocates the abolishment of capitalism, materialism, and consumerism, and promotes values such as frugality, sufficiency, and localism. We find this dichotomous debate problematic, because it is intellectually stifling and politically conservative (in its outcomes). To move beyond this dichotomy, we propose a third position, ‘reconfiguration’, which focuses on transitions in socio-technical systems and daily life practices and accommodates new conceptual frameworks. For each of the three positions, we discuss: (1) the scale and type of change, (2) views on consumption and production in exemplary approaches, (3) underlying theoretical, epistemological and normative orientations, (4) policy implications, and (5) critical appraisal. The conclusion compares the three positions, provides arguments for the fruitfulness of the reconfiguration-position and offers four critical reflections about future Sustainable Consumption and Production research agendas.  相似文献   

Marine debris review for Latin America and the wider Caribbean region: from the 1970s until now, and where do we go from here?   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Ivar do Sul JA  Costa MF 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(8):1087-1104

The available literature on marine debris from Latin America and the Wider Caribbean Region was collected and linked, reviewing their methodologies and principal results (quantities, composition and spatial-temporal patterns). The study region comprises 52 coastal countries of which only 14 had registers of works on marine debris. A total of 70 works were available and 69 had their full contents accessed. Brazil dominated the available literature with 70% of the documents. Beaches were the most studied environment, and plastics the prevalent form of contamination in the whole region. The exposure of marine biota (species, type of contact, consequences) was highlighted. The studied region, although still little exploited by this sort of research, shows the same contamination patterns observed world-wide. We also contacted 40 researchers in the area, collecting scientific contributions, opinions and suggestions for improvement of this research field. Further advances and new (urgently needed) lines of research are also discussed.  相似文献   

砂岩型铀矿找矿中物化探测量方法应用评述及建议     

赵希刚  张云宜  赵翠萍  贺建国 《国外铀金地质》2010,(1):31-36

介绍了铀矿找矿中物化探方法的应用效果,分析不同物化探方法的找矿历程,评述了物化探测量方法在中新生代沉积盆地中寻找砂岩型铀矿的有效性和适宜性,认为物化探测量方法不但是寻找砂岩型铀矿投资少、见效快,需要加强的工作,而且其在解决基础地质问题和研究铀成矿环境方面也能发挥作用,并对今后开展砂岩型铀矿找矿工作的方法选择及工作部署提出意见和建议。  相似文献