Results of a CLM4 Land Surface Simulation over China Using a Multisource Integrated Land Cover Dataset          下载免费PDF全文

YU Yan  XIE Zheng-Hui  WANG Yuan-Yuan  CHEN Feng 《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(4):279-285

In this study, the high-accuracy multisource integrated Chinese land cover （MICLCover） dataset was used in version 4 of the Community Land Model （CLM4） to assess how the new land cover information affected land surface simulation over China. Compared to the default land cover dataset in CLM4, the MICL data indicated lower values for bare soil （14.6% reduction）, nee- dleleaf tree （3.6%）, and broadleaf tree （1.9%）; higher values for shrub cover （1.8% increase）, grassland （9.9%）, cropland （5.0%）, glaciers （0.5%）, lakes （1.6%）, and wetland （1.1%）; and unchanged for urban areas. Two comparative CLM4 simulations were conducted for the 33-yr period from 1972 to 2004, one using the MICL dataset and the other using the default dataset. The results revealed that the MICL data produced a 0.3% lower mean annual surface albedo over China than the original data. The largest contributor to the reduced value was semiarid regions （2.1% reduction）. The MICL-data albedo value agreed more closely with observations （MODIS broad- band black-sky albedo products） over arid and semiarid regions than for the original data to some extent. The simulated average sensible heat flux over China increased by only 0.1 W m 2 owing to the reduced values in arid and semiarid regions, as opposed to increases in humid and semihumid regions, while an increased latent heat flux of I W m-2 was reflected in almost identical changes over the whole region. In addition, the mean annual runoff simulated by CLM4 using MICL data decreased by 6.8 mm yr-1, primarily due to large simulated decreases in humid regions.  相似文献   

一个两时间层分裂显格式海洋环流模式(MASNUM)及其检验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

HAN Lei 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(11):11-35

A two-time-level, three-dimensional numerical ocean circulation model（named MASNUM） was established with a two-level, single-step Eulerian forward-backward time-differencing scheme. A mathematical model of large-scale oceanic motions was based on the terrain-following coordinated, Boussinesq, Reynolds-averaged primitive equations of ocean dynamics. A simple but very practical Eulerian forward-backward method was adopted to replace the most preferred leapfrog scheme as the time-differencing method for both barotropic and baroclinic modes. The forward-backward method is of second-order of accuracy, computationally efficient by requiring only one function evaluation per time step, and free of the computational mode inherent in the three-level schemes. This method is superior to the leapfrog scheme in that the maximum time step of stability is twice as large as that of the leapfrog scheme in staggered meshes thus the computational efficiency could be doubled. A spatial smoothing method was introduced to control the nonlinear instability in the numerical integration. An ideal numerical experiment simulating the propagation of the equatorial Rossby soliton was performed to test the amplitude and phase error of this new model. The performance of this circulation model was further verified with a regional（northwest Pacific） and a quasi-global（global ocean simulation with the Arctic Ocean excluded） simulation experiments. These two numerical experiments show fairly good agreement with the observations. The maximum time step of stability in these two experiments were also investigated and compared between this model and that model which adopts the leapfrog scheme.  相似文献   

济南天成新居基坑设计中存在的问题与验证     

王燕 《黑龙江国土资源》2014,(8):61-61

一、工程概况 济南市天成新居廉租房工程项目地处济南市天桥区天成路东侧,北侧紧邻胶济铁路,东侧为多层居民住房,南侧为天茂路。  相似文献   

天山哈密榆树沟冰川冰尘特征及其成因     

许慧  李忠勤  Nozomu Takeuchi  张晓宇  洛书飞 《干旱区地理》2014,(3)

利用2011年8月在哈密榆树沟冰川采集的5个冰样,通过石蜡切片技术、16SrRNA系统发育分析及无机颗粒粒度分析方法,结合野外考察,对榆树沟冰川冰尘(cryoconite)的结构特征及形成过程进行了分析研究。结果表明:榆树沟冰川冰尘粒径为0.22～2.9mm,由有机部分(蓝藻、有机质)与无机部分(无机矿物颗粒)结合形成球状聚合体,它的生长具有季节性并且具有生长、裂解交替循环的生命周期;通过核糖体DNA扩增片段限制性内切酶分析(Amplifed Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis,ARDRA),将蓝藻16SrRNA基因文库中的214个阳性克隆分为9个不同的操作分类单元(Operational Taxonomic Unites,OTUs)。经过基因测序、BLAST比对及系统发育分析将9个OTUs归为:颤藻目,色球藻目和未定类群,其中颤藻目为冰尘中蓝藻的绝对优势类群;冰尘中无机矿物颗粒(d3.5μm)在数量上占绝对优势,体积分布的粒径众数值为14μm,较其它冰川而言,粒径众数较大。经估算,冰尘中有机部分所占比例明显大于无机颗粒,故影响冰川消融区表面反照率的主要因素为冰尘中的有机部分。  相似文献   

Radiative forcing over China due to albedo change caused by land cover change during 1990–2010     

Jun Zhai  Ronggao Liu  Jiyuan Liu  Guosong Zhao  Lin Huang 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,24(5):789-801

Land cover change affects surface radiation budget and energy balance by chang- ing surface albedo and further impacts the regional and global climate. In this article, high spatial and temporal resolution satellite products were used to analyze the driving mechanism for surface albedo change caused by land cover change during 1990-2010. In addition, the annual-scale radiative forcing caused by surface albedo changes in China＇s 50 ecological regions were calculated to reveal the biophysical mechanisms of land cover change affecting climate change at regional scale. Our results showed that the national land cover changes were mainly caused by land reclamation, grassland desertification and urbanization in past 20 years, which were almost induced by anthropogenic activities. Grassland and forest area decreased by 0.60% and 0.11%, respectively. The area of urban and farmland increased by 0.60% and 0.19%, respectively. The mean radiative forcing caused by land cover changes during 1990-2010 was 0.062 W/m2 in China, indicating a warming climate effect. However, spatial heterogeneity of radiative forcing was huge among different ecological regions. Farmland conversing to urban construction land, the main type of land cover change for the urban and suburban agricultural ecological region in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region, caused an albedo reduction by 0.00456 and a maximum positive radiative forcing of 0.863 WIm2, which was presented as warming climate effects. Grassland and forest conversing to farmland, the main type of land cover change for the temperate humid agricultural and wetland ecological region in Sanjiang Plain, caused an albedo increase by 0.00152 and a maximum negative radiative forcing of 0.184 W/m2, implying cooling climate effects.  相似文献   

基于GRACE重力卫星反演地表负荷形变及GPS验证研究     

杨雪  宫辉力  潘云 《地理与地理信息科学》2014,(3)

利用前60阶GRACE重力卫星时变重力场资料和"去相关"、高斯滤波方法解算了中国区域内72个月(2005年1月-2010年12月)的地表负荷形变。为验证GRACE解算结果的可靠性,将解算结果与区域内27个GPS台站实际观测的形变量数据进行对比分析,精度验证表明:1)利用GRACE反演地表负荷形变量是可行的,52%的GPS台站与GRACE估计的相关系数r30%,55%的GRACE解算结果RMSE6mm;2)在中国区域内南部地区的形变反演效果优于北部地区,这可能是由于降水充沛的南部区域的水储量变化比北部大。  相似文献   

基于全景影像的增强地理现实配准方法研究     

陈令羽  贾奋励  宋国民 《测绘工程》2014,23(10):4-8

介绍基于全景序列影像的增强地理现实构造方法,分析地理现实、地理空间数据以及全景序列影像三要素间的关系和研究的趋势。结合柱面投影理论实现地理空间数据到全景序列影像的转换,完成由虚拟空间向真实空间的定位配准,并给出一种用于验证可行性的非平均特征点采样方法,为进一步研究提供理论基础。  相似文献   

改善MODIS BRDF产品热点效应的方法研究   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

董亚冬  焦子锑  张虎  李佳悦  焦广平  石涵予 《遥感学报》2014,18(4):804-825

核驱动的Ross Thick-LiSparse Reciprocal(RTLSR)双向反射函数(BRDF)模型已广泛地应用于MODIS等星载传感器的业务化产品处理中。但是,对于多年MODIS二向反射产品历史数据,如何基于RTMLSR模型发展一种简单有效快速的方法,进行热点效应的校正是一个迫切需要解决的问题。本文提出了一种简单有效的方法,不需要对观测数据重新反演,直接在现有MODIS二向反射产品的基础上进行热点校正,方便用户对历史MODIS二向反射产品的使用。该方法应用POLDER-3/BRDF数据库和部分经MODIS业务化算法筛选的反射率数据进行验证,并与RTLSR模型和RTMLSR模型的结果进行比较,结果表明:(1)该方法比现有的MODIS业务化RTLSR算法,对热点反射率有明显改善,拟合相对误差平均降低了10.12%;(2)该方法相对于RTMLSR模型在热点反射率拟合效果上差别不大,相对误差相差2.10%;(3)该方法对热点和冷点归一化的植被指数(NDHD)的估算效果有一定程度的改善,相对于RTLSR模型降低了约4.99%,与RTMLSR模型的相对误差相差1.32%,该方法对直接应用现有MODIS BRDF产品,基于热点方向反射率反演植被结构参数(如植被聚集指数)的精度提高有现实应用价值。  相似文献   

Correlation analysis and partial least square modeling to quantify typical minerals with Chang＇E-3 visible and near-infrared imaging spectrometer＇s ground validation data     

LIU Bin  LIU Jianzhong  ZHANG Guangliang  LING Zongcheng  ZHANG Jiang  HE Zhiping  YANG Benyong  ZOU Yongliao 《中国地球化学学报》2014,33(1):86-94

In 2013, Chang＇E-3 program will develop lunar mineral resources in-situ detection. A Visible and Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer （VNIS） has been selected as one payload of CE-3 lunar rover to achieve this goal. It is critical and urgent to evaluate VNIS＇ spectrum data quality and validate quantification methods for mineral composition before its launch. Ground validation experiment of VNIS was carried out to complete the two goals, by simulating CE-3 lunar rover＇s detection environment on lunar surface in the laboratory. Based on the hyperspectral reflectance data derived, Correlation Analysis and Partial Least Square （CA-PLS） algorithm is applied to predict abundance of four lunar typical minerals （pyroxene, plagioclase, ilmenite and olivine） in their mixture. We firstly selected a set of VNIS＇ spectral parameters which highly correlated with minerals＇ abundance by correlation analysis （CA）, and then stepwise regression method was used to find out spectral parameters which make the largest contri- butions to the mineral contents. At last, functions were derived to link minerals＇ abundance and spectral parameters by partial least square （PLS） algorithm. Not considering the effect of maturity, agglutinate and Fe~, we found that there are wonderful correlations between these four minerals and VNIS＇ spectral parameters, e.g. the abundance of pyroxene correlates positively with the mixture＇s absorption depth, the value of absorption depth added as the in- creasing of pyroxene＇s abundance. But the abundance of plagioclase correlates negatively with the spectral parame- ters of band ratio, the value of band ratio would decrease when the abundance of plagioclase increased. Similar to plagioclase, the abundance of ilmenite and olivine has a negative correlation with the mixture＇s reflectance data, if the abundance of ilmenite or olivine increase, the reflectance values of the mixture will decrease. Through model validation, better estimates of pyroxene, plagioclase and ilmenite＇s abundances are given. It is concluded that VNIS has the capability to be applied on lunar minerals＇ identification, and CA-PLS algorithm has the potential to be used on lunar surface＇s in-situ detection for minerals＇ abundance prediction.  相似文献   

基于ＳｔａＭＰＳ方法的大坝形变监测可行性研究     

黄静  张红忠  崔龙  阿布都沙拉木·托尔逊  王文衡  马立平 《测绘工程》2022,31(5):44

利用时序ＩｎＳＡＲ技术的优势,以新疆ＷＬＬ水库大坝为研究对象,使用３１幅Ｓｅｎｔｉｎｅｌ－１Ａ影像,采用ＳｔａＭＰＳ 方法对其进行形变监测,得到大坝及周边区域的形变结果,并从内、外符合精度两个方面进行精度验证。结果表明, 研究区域ＰＳ点平均形变速率标准差区间为０．３～３．１ｍｍ／ａ;ＳｔａＭＰＳ与ＳＢＡＳ形变速率中误差为±５．７ｍｍ;与大 坝二等水准监测成果比较,垂直形变速率中误差为±５．０ｍｍ,垂直累积形变量中误差为±１０．２ｍｍ。从而证明 ＳｔａＭＰＳ方法在大坝形变监测应用中的可行性。  相似文献