新世纪渤海污染新特点   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王保栋 《海洋开发与管理》2007,24(3):117-119

渤海的污染状况,在新世纪呈现出若干新特点。从污染程度和区域变化来看,新世纪渤海污染总面积总体上呈波动减小趋势,但近岸海域的污染程度却显著加重。从赤潮发生情况来看,渤海赤潮年发生次数由20世纪90年代的1位数上升至2位数;进入21世纪以来虽然赤潮年发生次数在逐渐减少,但赤潮面积总体上呈增大趋势,而且有毒藻类引发的赤潮次数和面积大幅增加。从渤海的主要污染物——营养盐浓度和比例的变化来看,近年来渤海近岸海域营养盐浓度(N、P)则呈加速增大趋势,N/P比值增幅达50%,而Si/N比值已降至0.5左右。从污染源变化来看,海上污染源的增速明显高于陆源。  相似文献   

海洋水体中的污染物分析及处理          下载免费PDF全文

许祝华  赵新生 《海洋开发与管理》2006,23(5):123-124

海洋是地球表面最大的水体,通过水的自然循环,其他各类水体中含有的污染物都可能汇集到海洋中去。但由于世界上各大洋是彼此相通的,海洋具有巨大无比的容量,任何多量物质进入水体都会以几乎是无限大的比例稀释,所以海洋污染问题长期未能受到人们的关注。但是,随着工业化的进程和海洋运输业及海洋采矿的发展,经由各种途径进入海洋的废水、废气油、溢油、有毒化学品与日俱增,超过了海洋的自净能力,致使海洋污染日趋严重。据初步估计,由于人类活动每年流失入海的石油约1000t,海洋每年接收2.5万t多氯联苯25万t铜、390万t锌、30万t铅,每年约有500…  相似文献   

九龙江口红树林对汞的循环和净化作用   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

林鹏  陈荣华 《海洋学报》1989,11(2):242-247

红树林是存在于海陆交汇处的生态系统,其间大量的凋落物中有一部分仍留在群落内,再加上上游有机物的输入,使得红树林沼泽形成高腐殖质的还原环境,沉积物中的总汞含量和有机质含量呈正相关[1],而大量的硫化氢又易与汞形成难于溶解的硫化汞,因而红树林区有可能是潜在的重金属富集区[2].本文对我国几个红树林区的汞本底值进行调查,研究汞在九龙江口秋茄群落的分布、迁移积累的途经,以及红树林对河口区汞循环的影响,并探讨红树林对汞污染净化作用的途经.  相似文献   

美国海洋断染的管理体制     

李国庆 《海洋信息》1991,(5):6-7

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渤海湾砷的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李全生沈万仁  马锡年 《山东海洋学院学报》1984,14(2):27-39

渤海湾是个半封闭型的海湾。它三面环陆，东临渤海，周围入湾的河流有滦河、蓟运河、永定新河、海河、独流碱河和黄河等。  相似文献   

海山富钴结壳标准物质研制   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

王毅民  高玉淑  王晓红  张学华  赵宏櫵  刘淑琴  ANDREEVSI 《海洋学报》2007,29(2):82-91

报道了我国与俄罗斯合作研制的三个海山富钴结壳标准物质GSMC-1,2,3.这三个标准物质的原样分别取自西太平洋麦哲伦海山和中太平洋海山.样品经风干、选配、球磨制备成均匀的粉体样品,其均匀性采用高精度的X-射线荧光光谱法检验.样品的化学组分采用国内外多实验室协同分析方式定值,有八个国内实验室和八个国外实验室参加了合作分析.测试组分均为57个,其中GSMC-1,2有43个组分定为保证值,10个组分作为参考值;GSMC-3有45个组分定为保证值,8个组分作为参考值.经2a多的试用,三个标准物质已于2005年被国家计量部门批准为国家一级标准物质,其编号分别为GBW07337,GBW07338和GBW07339.  相似文献   

Mineral provinces and matter provenance of the surficial sediments in the western Philippine Sea: implication for modern sedimentation in West Pacific marginal basin     

REN Xiangwen  YAN Quanshu  SHI Xuef  WANG Kunshan  JIANG Xiaoli 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(3):44-55

The characteristics and distribution patterns of detrital minerals (0.063~0.125 mm) in marine sediments provide a significant indicator for the identification of the origin of sediment.The detrital mineral composition of 219 surface sediment samples was analysed to identify the distribution of sediments within the western Philippine Sea. The area can be divided into three mineral provinces: (I) province east of the Philippine Trench, the detrital minerals in this province are mainly composed of calcareous or siliceous organisms, with the addition of volcanogenic minerals from an adjacent island arc; (II) middle mineral province, clastic minerals including feldspar, quartz and colorless volcanic glass, sourced from seamounts with intermediate-acid volcanic rock, or erupting intermediate-acid volcano; (III) province west of the Palau—Kyūshū Ridge, the matter provenance within this province is complex; the small quantity of feldspar and quartz may be sourced from seamounts or erupting volcano with intermediate-acid composition, with a component of volcanic scoria sourced from a volcano erupting on the Palau—Kyūshū Ridge. it is suggested that, (1) Biogenic debris of the study area is closely related to water depth, with the amount of biogenic debris controlled by carbonate lysocline. (2) Volcaniclastic matter derived from the adjacent island arc can be entrained by oceanic currents and transported towards the abyssal basin over a short distance. The weathering products of volcanic rocks of the submarine plateau (e.g.,Benham Plateau) and adjacent ridges provide an important source of detrital sedimentation, and the influence scope of them is constrained by the intensity of submarine weathering. (3) Terrigenous sediments from the continent of Asia and the adjacent Philippine island arc have little influence on the sedimentation of this study area, and the felsic mineral component is probably sourced from volcanic seamounts of intermediate-acid composition.  相似文献   

Effects of tributyltin at environmental levels on monooxygenase system of digestive gland in hard clam Meretrix meretrix     

HUANG Zhouying  CHEN Yixin  WANG Chonggang  ZHAO Yang  ZUO Zhenghong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(2):144-149

The effects on ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase （EROD）, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and NADH cytochrorne b5 reductase activities of digestive gland in Meretrix meretrix exposed to tributyltin （TBT） at environmental levels （0.1,1.0,10.0 ng/dm as stannum concentration）,in experimental condition, were evaluated. The EROD, NADH cytochrorne b5 reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm^3 TBT for 8 and 20 d, the NADPH cytochrorne c reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 0.1,1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm TBT for 8 d and to 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm for 20 d, as compared with the matched control, while NADH cytochrorne b5 reductases and NADPH cytochrome c reductase activities were induced after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm^3 TBT for 2 d. The EROD activity in the 10 ng/dm^3 group,and the NADH cytochrome b5 reductases activities in 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm groups, were significantly induced when transferred to clean recovery tanks for 7 d. The three enzymic activities in the clams exposed to TBT were recovered to the level corresponding to that of the control group after transfer to clean recovery tanks for 20 d. NADPH cytochrome c reductase activity in Meretrix meretrix seems to be more sensitive to exposure of TBT than that of the EROD and NADH cytochrome b5 reductases. The results suggest that induction and inhibition by TBT to the monooxygenase system enzymic activity in Meretrix meretrix would simultaneously exist. The enzymic activities were inhibited by exposure for a long time. The results suggest that inhibition of the monooxygenase system should be an indication of the exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TBT for a long time.  相似文献   

山东北部近海环境不容乐观   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李明  纪灵 《海洋信息》1997,(4):19-19

近些年来,山东北部沿海的海洋产业已成为当地的经济支柱之一。据统计,仅烟台市1995年渔业总产值就达84亿元,占农业总产值的40％以上。但是,不可忽视的是,随着沿海经济的腾飞,山东北部近海的水质状况却呈现了恶化的趋势。1996年国家海洋局烟台海洋管区对东起烟台市牟平区西至潍纺小清河口近海水域3次常规性的监测、监视表明:在8个监测站位,15个监测项目中,活性磷、无机氮、油、化  相似文献   

连云港近岸海域物理自净能力研究及水质预测——Ⅲ.西大堤建成后对物质输运的影响     

赵可胜  娄安刚  王学昌 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(Z1)

在连云港近岸海域计算潮流场基础上建立拉格朗日余流模型,并对连云港市两大堤建成前后的拉格朗日余流变化进行了分析,且选择有代表性的排污口进行了数值跟踪。  相似文献