繁茂膜海绵清除大肠杆菌的过程     

张喜昌  张卫  褚亚东  赵宗宝  谭海东  梁玉波  许淑芬  冷晓飞  李丹 《海洋科学》2015,39(5):21-27

通过分析海绵清除大肠杆菌的过程,研究海绵净化细菌的机理。作者利用荧光显微镜和激光共聚焦显微镜观测等手段,监测和分析了绿色荧光大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)在繁茂膜海绵(Hymeniacidon perlevis)体内、体外水环境中数量变化过程。在1 L含有3×107个/m L绿色荧光大肠杆菌的海水中放入鲜重(1.02±0.11)g的繁茂膜海绵24块,处理7 h,海水中的荧光大肠杆菌数量逐渐降低;而海绵体内荧光大肠杆菌数量在2 h时内逐渐增多,之后的2 h趋于稳定,4 h以后开始逐渐减少。水体中大肠杆菌不仅进入海绵体内,而且进入海绵细胞内。含有荧光大肠杆菌的海绵块转入无菌海水中后,海绵体内及细胞中大肠杆菌逐渐消失,而且大肠杆菌没有被释放到环境海水中。分析表明,繁茂膜海绵能够以摄食的方式净化水环境中的大肠杆菌。  相似文献   

基于Cyt b 基因序列的中国沿海4个长蛸(Octopus variabilis)群体的种群遗传结构分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李红梅  吕振明  刘立芹  吴常文  张建设 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(3):626-631

采用线粒体Cytb基因测序技术研究了我国不同海域4个长蛸(Octopus variabilis)群体的种群遗传结构。结果表明,232bp的Cytb基因片段在4个群体90个个体中共检测到38个多态位点、12个单倍型,单倍型多样性指数H达0.854±0.015,核苷酸多样性指数Pi达0.059±0.005,平均核苷酸多样性指数K达13.526,显示出较高的遗传变异。种群遗传结构分析表明,4个群体间均存在极显著的遗传分化(P<0.01),除大连与青岛两群体间外,其它两两群体间的基因流均小于1。聚类分析表明,4个群体明显分化为三大类群,一个类群由大连和青岛群体组成,一个由温州群体组成,另一个由东山群体组成;遗传距离分析表明,东山类群与其它类群之间可能为亚种水平的分化,而其它类群之间仍为种内群体间分化。长蛸这种种群遗传结构形成原因可能与其较弱的种群扩散能力有关,另外冰川期地理历史因素及我国海域的洋流作用可能也参与了长蛸种群遗传结构的形成。  相似文献   

海洋浮游植物溶解有机碳释放研究进展   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘诚刚  宁修仁  郝锵  乐凤凤 《地球科学进展》2010,25(2):123-132

溶解有机碳(DOC)是海洋中最大的有机碳库,其中化学性质不稳定的成分大部分来自海洋浮游植物的释放。简要回顾了浮游植物溶解有机碳释放研究的发展历史,从光合作用合成的溶解有机碳(PDOC)释放占初级生产力的比重,PDOC的化学组成,浮游植物DOC释放的途径与机制,PDOC释放的环境调控,浮游植物群落组成对PDOC释放的影响,以及浮游植物释放DOC对异养细菌的生态意义等方面对相关研究进行了综述和分析。讨论了浮游植物溶解有机碳释放研究的现状和存在的问题,并对PDOC初级生产力测定的推广和相关研究的深化提出建议。  相似文献   

基于网络药理学研究败酱草治疗非小细胞肺癌的作用机制          下载免费PDF全文

叶梦群  胡作为 《应用海洋学学报》2022,38(9):156

目的：基于网络药理学方法研究败酱草抗非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的主要活性成分及其作用靶点,探讨其作用机制。方法：通过TCMSP数据库查询败酱草的有效成分及作用靶点,将口服生物利用度（OB）≥30%和类药性（DL）≥0.18作为筛选标准。运用GeneCards数据库搜索NSCLC的作用靶点,将两者基因取交集,在Cytoscape 3.8.2软件导入共同基因,构建药物-活性成分-作用靶点网络图。基于STRING数据库构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络,导入Cytoscape 3.8.2软件进行网络可视化分析。运用Metascape数据库对药物靶点进行基因本体（GO）功能和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路富集分析。结果：败酱草作用于NSCLC的有效活性成分共11种,作用靶点有87个,包括肿瘤P53蛋白（TP53）、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶（AKT1）、原癌基因蛋白（MYC）、半胱天冬酶3（CASP3）、G1/S特异性细胞周期蛋白D1（CCND1）等基因;作用的信号通路主要集中在癌症的途径、白细胞介素-17（IL-17）信号通路、人类疱疹病毒（Epstein-Barr病毒）感染、癌症中的蛋白多糖等。结论：败酱草对NSCLC的作用机制可能通过TP53、AKT1、MYC、CASP3、CCND1等关键蛋白起作用。  相似文献   

Seasonal Variations in Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Sanggou,Ailian, and Lidao Bays     

YUAN Mingli  ;ZHANG Cuixia  ;JIANG Zengjie  ;GUO Shujin  ;SUN Jun 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,(6):1012-1024

The seasonal variations in phytoplankton community structure were investigated for the Sanggou Bay （SGB） and the adjacent Ailian Bay （ALB） and Lidao Bay （LDB） in Shandong Peninsula,eastern China.The species composition and cell abundance of phytoplankton in the bay waters in spring （April 2011）,summer （August 2011）,autumn （October 2011）,and winter （January 2012） were examined using the Uterm6hl method.A total of 80 taxa of phytoplankton that belong to 39 genera of 3 phyla were identified.These included 64 species of 30 genera in the Phylum Bacillariophyta,13 species of 8 genera in the Phylum Dinophyta,and 3 species of 1 genus in the Phylum Chrysophyta.During the four seasons,the number of phytoplankton species （43） was the highest in spring,followed by summer and autumn （40）,and the lowest number ofphytoplankton species （35） was found in winter.Diatoms,especially Paralia sulcata （Ehrenberg） Cleve and Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis Ehrenberg,were predominant in the phytoplankton community throughout the study period,whereas the dominance of dinoflagellate appeared in summer only.The maximum cell abundance of phytoplankton was detected in summer （average 8.08 × 103 cells L-1） whereas their minimum abundance was found in autumn （average 2.60 x 103 cellsL-1）.The phytoplankton abundance was generally higher in the outer bay than in the inner bay in spring and autumn.In summer,the phytoplankton cells were mainly concentrated in the south of inner SGB,with peak abundance observed along the western coast.In winter,the distribution of phytoplankton cells showed 3 patches,with peak abundance along the western coast as well.On seasonal average,the Shannon-Wiener diversity indices of phytoplankton community ranged from 1.17 to 1.78 （autumn 〉 summer 〉 spring 〉 winter）,and the Pielou＇s evenness indices of phytoplankton ranged from 0.45 to 0.65 （autumn 〉 spring 〉 summer〉 winter）.According to the results of canonical correspondence analysis,phosphate level w  相似文献   

中国近海浮游桡足类中华哲水蚤（Calanussinicus Brodsky）的分子系统地理学和种群遗传结构研究     

Huang Yousong  Liu Guangxing  Chen Xiaofeng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(10):74-84

Planktonic copepod Calanus sinicus is the dominant meso-zooplankton in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. To better understand its population dynamics and phylogeographic patterns, 243 C. sinicus individuals were collected from seven locations across the shelf waters of China and its population genetics was studied by mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I(mtCOI) sequences analyses. Thirty-nine different sequences, or haplotypes, were detected with moderate haplotype diversity(h=0.749) and low nucleotide diversity(π=0.003) for all populations. The evolutionary divergence between geographic populations varied from 0.24% to 0.37%, indicative of very limited genetic differentiation. Visualized minimum spanning network(MSN) and phylogenetic analysis of all the detected haplotypes did not reveal any clear phylogeographic pattern. Furthermore, AMOVA data showed no significant spatial population differentiation existed among the individuals collected across China shelf waters. Pairwise FST values showed that population collected from northwest of the East China Sea(ECS) displayed a low difference to other populations. Mismatch distribution analyses and neutrality tests indicated that C. sinicus might undergo a demographic/population expansion. No significant population genetic structuring was detected, indicating an extensive gene flow among the C. sinicus populations. Our results provide molecular evidence for the hypothesis that C. sinicus in the northwestern South China Sea in winter is transported from the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea by the China Coastal Current during the northeast monsoon period.  相似文献   

褐藻多糖硫酸酯对脂多糖诱导大鼠肾小球系膜细胞NO产生量的影响   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

王雪妹  王晶  张全斌 《海洋科学》2014,38(10):1-5

慢性肾衰的进程中伴随着肾脏炎症的发生,研究表明褐藻多糖硫酸酯具有抗炎作用,且对于慢性肾衰的早期治疗具有一定的作用。本文通过脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导,建立大鼠肾小球系膜细胞的炎症模型,用来源于海带的高分子质量褐藻多糖硫酸酯F1和低分子质量褐藻多糖硫酸酯F2对细胞进行处理,24 h后MTT法检测各组细胞活力,Griess法检测24 h及48 h后细胞培养液中NO的含量。结果表明,各组间细胞活力无明显差异;脂多糖可以诱导大鼠肾小球系膜细胞NO产量增加,F1和F2均可在一定程度上抑制脂多糖诱导的NO产量的增加,从而减轻细胞炎症反应。剂量为25μg/m L的F1和F2处理细胞48 h后,与模型组相比,F1和F2组细胞培养液中NO含量分别下降22.52%和38.65%,低分子质量褐藻多糖硫酸酯抗炎效果明显高于高分子质量褐藻多糖硫酸酯。  相似文献   

凋亡细胞的吞噬清除     

张士璀  王丽霞 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,40(11)

吞噬清除是后生动物大多数凋亡细胞的共同命运。凋亡细胞如果不被有效及时清除,它们就会发生次级的细胞坏死,细胞核膜和细胞核裂解,细胞解体,释放出有毒内容物,导致严重炎症和狼疮样自身免疫疾病的发生。据估计人体内每天有上亿个细胞凋亡而死,但用组化方法只能检测到极少数凋亡细胞,说明人体对凋亡细胞清除效率很高。新近,对凋亡细胞吞噬清除分子机制的研究取得长足进展。本文主要就吞噬信号及其识别、传导和凋亡细胞的吞噬作简要概述。  相似文献   

THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF SEPARATED AND CULTURED CELL OF PORPHYRA YEZOENSIS     

梅俊学  费修绠 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2001,19(1):35-39

There are many reports that cells (protoplasts) separated from the thallus of Porphyra by enzyme can develop to normal leafy thalli in the same way as monopores. But there are few investigations on the subcellular structure of the isolated vegetative cell for ccmparison with the subcellular structure of monospores. To clarify whether the separated and cultured cells undergo the same or similar ultrastructure changes during culture and germination as monospores undergo in their formation and germination, we observed their ultrastructure, ccxnpared them with those of the monospore and found that the ultrastructure of separated and cultured cells did not have the characteristic feature as that of monospore formarion, such as production of small and large fibrous vesicles, but was acccxnpanied by vacuolation andstarch mobilization like that in monospore germination. The paper also discusses the relations between monospores and separated and cultured cells.  相似文献   

北黄海典型水域春夏季浮游植物的昼夜变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨世民  刘光兴 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(4)

根据黄海西北部2006年夏季3个连续站和2007年春季1个连续站垂直分层拖网的调查资料,研究了黄海西北部典型海区浮游植物的昼夜垂直变化.夏季共检出浮游植物79种,主要优势种为旋链角毛藻Chaetoceros curvisetus、梭角藻Ceratium fusus、三角角藻Ceratium tripos和具槽帕拉藻Paralia sulcata;春季检出51种,主要优势种为浮动弯角藻Eucampia zodiacus、具槽帕拉藻和尖刺伪菱形藻Pseudo-nitzschia pungens.夏季L01站受潮汐的影响各水层低潮期浮游植物细胞丰度高于高潮期,垂直分布趋势为表层细胞丰度最高,底层最低.而由于底栖硅藻的细胞再悬浮作用夏季L02、L03站和春季L02站底层细胞丰度高于表层,但各水层细胞丰度的昼夜变化相对较平缓.  相似文献