基于GridMet模型的浙江省温湿指数空间分布及地形影响分析     

施国萍  何永健  张眉  邱新法  曾燕 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(12):1923-1933

温湿指数是气候舒适度评价模型之一,通过温度与湿度的组合反映人体与周围环境的热量交换,本文利用2003-2018年浙江省及其周边71个气象站点月平均气温、地面水汽压数据,以及MODIS水汽产品,基于GridMet模型模拟了浙江省各月温湿指数空间分布（100 m×100 m）,分析了浙江省温湿指数随地形因子（海拔、坡度、坡向）变化的特征;讨论了各地形因子对温湿指数空间分布的影响程度。结果表明：① 海拔、坡度、坡向3个地形因子中,1月温湿指数随坡向的变化最大,7月最小;② 同坡向上,坡度变化对1月温湿指数影响较大,而海拔变化则是对7月影响最大;③ 南坡1月温湿指数随海拔和坡度增加均略为增加,南坡其他月份及北坡各月均为随海拔和坡度增加温湿指数减小;④ 北坡相对于南坡而言,海拔和坡度对温湿指数的影响更为明显。浙江大部分山区由于地形影响,夏季较为“舒适”,适宜建立避暑消夏的旅游项目。  相似文献   

Chlorophenols in marine organisms from the southern coast of Hangzhou Bay,China, and an assessment of risks posed to human health     

郑丹  焦海峰  钟惠英  邱纪时  严小军  段清源  柴丽月 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2018,(3)

The composition of chlorophenols in marine organisms from the southern coast of Hangzhou Bay, China, was analyzed and the health risks posed to humans assessed. A total of 19 chlorophenols from 16 types of marine organism were analyzed across nine survey sections in Hangzhou Bay. The chlorophenols were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using a DB-5MS quartz capillary column. The concentrations of monochlorophenol, dichlorophenol, trichlorophenol, tetrachlorophenol, and pentachlorophenol ranged from below the detection limit(ND) to 132 μg/kg, ND–51.0 μg/kg, ND–42.5 μg/kg, ND–69.0 μg/kg, and ND–9.06 μg/kg, respectively. Additionally, concentration differences between each type of chlorophenol were not significant( P 0.05). However, significant differences were found between monochlorophenol( F =8.13, P 0.01) and total chlorophenol(F =5.19, P 0.01) concentrations. As the noncarcinogenic risk indices were 0.1(10-5 –10-2) for all of the organisms, no high risk was posed by 2-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol, and pentachlorophenol to humans consuming marine organisms from the study area. Furthermore, the carcinogenic risks posed by 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol were lower than limits set by the International Commission on Radiological Protection and the US Environmental Protection Agency. However, the noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks posed by chlorophenols in marine organisms from four of the survey sections(Sizaopu, Niluoshan, Longshan Town and Xinhong zha) were higher than the other survey sections.  相似文献   

福建省复杂地形下旬平均气温分布式模拟     

李威鹏  邱新法  曾燕  施国萍  徐金勤  王丹丹 《热带地理》2019,39(2):229-236

为建立高时空分辨率的福建省复杂地形下气温栅格数据集，利用福建省及其周边33个常规气象站观测资料，基于数字高程模型（DEM）数据，综合考虑海拔、太阳总辐射、地表长波有效辐射对旬平均气温的影响，模拟了福建省复杂地形下旬均温的空间分布。结果表明：1）常规站验证结果显示：各旬气温绝对误差平均值（MAE）最小为0.46℃，最大为2.3℃，全年平均为0.87℃；加密站验证结果显示，MAE最大为2.3℃，最小0.5℃，全年平均为0.96℃。2）模拟结果能反映旬均温的宏观分布规律与局地细节特征。宏观范围内，旬均温受纬度影响较大，由北至南气温逐渐升高，沿海地区旬均温整体高于内陆，山区旬均温明显较低；局地范围内，各坡向上气温差异显著，海拔越高、坡度越大，差异越明显；地形因子对旬平均温的影响具有季节差异，具体表现为冬季时地形因子对旬均温的影响最大，秋季次之，春夏季节中地形因子对旬均温的影响最弱。  相似文献   

基于自动探测方法的南海北部涡致海表温度锋面的特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邱春华  欧阳娟  俞建成  毛华斌  戚永锋  吴加学  苏丹仪 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(11):82-90

南海北部具有丰富的温度锋面和中尺度涡，它们调节着局地的热量和能量平衡。本文利用卫星海洋高度异常和海表温度数据，并基于自动探测方法，探究了2007年至2017年南海北部中尺度涡边缘的海表温度锋面（涡致锋面）特征。反气旋/气旋边缘出现锋面的概率可达20%。气旋涡在各个方向上出现锋面的概率比较均匀，反气旋涡的东北部和西南部出现锋面的概率大于西北部和东南部。中尺度涡致锋面的数量有明显的季节变化，而涡动能未表现出明显的季节变化。中尺度涡致锋区的总涡动能是中尺度涡内动能的3倍，并且反气旋涡致锋面的总涡动能明显强于气旋涡致锋面的总涡动能。中尺度涡致锋面的数量和涡动能的年际变化与厄尔尼诺南方涛动指数没有明显的相关性。本研究也讨论了中尺度涡致锋面的可能机制，但是中尺度涡对海表温度锋的贡献需要进一步定量研究。  相似文献   

Difference-frequency ultrasound generation from microbubbles under dual-frequency excitation     

马青玉  邱媛媛  黄蓓  章东  龚秀芬 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(9)

The difference-frequency (DF) ultrasound generated by using parametric effect promises to improve detection depth owing to its low attenuation, which is beneficial for deep tissue imaging. With ultrasound contrast agents infusion, the harmonic components scattered from the microbubbles, including DF, can be generated due to the nonlinear vibration. A theoretical study on the DF generation from microbubbles under the dual-frequency excitation is proposed in formula based on the solution of the RPNNP equation. The optimisation of the DF generation is discussed associated with the applied acoustic pressure, frequency, and the microbubble size. Experiments are performed to validate the theoretical predictions by using a dual-frequency signal to excite microbubbles. Both the numerical and experimental results demonstrate that the optimised DF ultrasound can be achieved as the difference frequency is close to the resonance frequency of the microbubble and improve the contrast-to-tissue ratio in imaging.  相似文献   

基于层理影响的煤样加载过程声发射差异性分析     

贾炳  魏建平  温志辉  贾林兴 《煤田地质与勘探》2016,44(4):35-39

为了探究层理对煤矿开采过程中煤岩声发射特征的影响,在寺河矿采集煤样,根据煤样制作要求,分别沿轴向垂直层理方向和平行层理方向加工煤样。利用RMT-150B岩石力学实验系统和CDAE-1全数字化声发射检测及分析系统,对煤样加载过程中的应力-应变、声发射特征进行测试分析。测试结果显示:轴向垂直层理煤样不仅具有较高的岩石力学强度和声发射强度,而且声发射特征具有较强的突变性和滞后性。声发射特征的差异性体现了在加载过程中,轴向垂直层理煤样以整体变形、破坏为主,轴向平行层理煤样以局部变形、破坏为主,这为煤矿井下动力灾害的监测、预报提供了指导。   相似文献   

Experimental study of nonlinear behaviors of a free-floating body in waves     

贺铭  任冰  邱大洪 《中国海洋工程》2016,30(3):421-430

Nonlinear behaviors of a free-floating body in waves were experimentally investigated in the present study. The experiments were carried out for 6 different wave heights and 6 different wave periods to cover a relatively wide range of wave nonlinearities. A charge-coupled device (CCD) camera was used to capture the real-time motion of the floating body. The measurement data show that the sway, heave and roll motions of the floating body are all harmonic oscillations while the equilibrium position of the sway motion drifts in the wave direction. The drift speed is proportional to wave steepness when the size of the floating body is comparable to the wavelength, while it is proportional to the square of wave steepness when the floating body is relatively small. In addition, the drift motion leads to a slightly longer oscillation period of the floating body than the wave period of nonlinear wave and the discrepancy increases with the increment of wave steepness.  相似文献   

基于波形重定技术的杭州湾平均海面高模型建立          下载免费PDF全文

李静  岳建平  彭刚跃  宋亚宏 《海洋测绘》2016,(1):39-42

利用AVISO提供的SARAL卫星杭州湾周年的WAVEFORM数据,通过对卫星波形分析,提出了一种新的波形重定方法,该方法在顾及波形物理机制基础上,根据各波形的特征进行重定。对重定前后的波形数据进行粗差剔除、共线平均,分析了重定后数据质量。通过交叉点平差,结合验潮站数据建立杭州湾平均海面高模型,所建模型与验潮站平均海面高差值的平均值为0.006m,标准差为0.038m。结果表明,利用本文提出的方法能显著提高卫星测高数据的精度与质量。  相似文献   

内蒙古陶来托斑岩型钼矿综合找矿信息提取及找矿潜力     

巩智镇  徐国  刘俊杰  邱广东  武利文  孔凡吉 《世界地质》2018,37(3):813-825

对内蒙古陶来托钼多金属勘查区进行地质、地球物理、地球化学综合找矿信息的提取来评价矿区找矿潜力。结果表明,陶来托钼多金属矿是一个以斑岩型钼矿为主的勘查区,发现了斑岩型钼矿床及多处热液脉型铅锌银矿(化)点。成矿岩体为早白垩世花岗斑岩,控矿构造为北东-北北东向断裂。斑岩型钼矿化区与环状激电异常和环状磁异常对应性较好,显示出中低视极化率异常为矿致异常的特征。1∶5万化探异常元素由钼矿化区至铅锌银矿化区表现出Mo、W—Ag、Pb、Zn的侧向分带特征。根据综合找矿信息提取及斑岩型矿床成矿系列建立,指出区内钼矿找矿潜力较大,并预测钼矿区北西侧为热液脉型铅锌银矿的成矿有利地段。  相似文献   

基于模型试验的泥石流坡面物源启动预警模型          下载免费PDF全文

乔建平  李明俐  杨宗佶  孟华君  姜元俊 《水科学进展》2018,29(1):64-72

为进一步探明银洞子沟物源区坡面物源启动机理与降雨的相关性,在进行详细的现场考察与工程勘察工作后选取了典型模型体,并采用20余组人工降雨物理试验方法将降雨强度与坡度设为控制变量,研究了4种坡形、5种雨强条件下,坡面松散物源的失稳机制及破坏模式。试验结果揭示了地表变形与地下物理力学参数变化的定量响应关系,并基于试验发生破坏的临界雨量,建立了银洞子沟传统I-D预警模型。之后提炼可靠预警参数(坡度、深部体积含水率),通过数学回归分析方法并采用Exponential模型,得出IGD、IGM多参数新型预警判别式,实现了传统I-D模型的有效修正,并具一定的可靠性和实用价值。  相似文献