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71.
A one-dimensional land surface model, based on conservations of heat and water substance inside the soil and snow, is presented. To validate the model, a stand-alone experiment is carried out with five years of meteorological and hydrological observations collected from the NOAA-ARS Cooperative Snow Research Project (1966–1974) at the Sleepers River watershed in Danville, Vermont, U.S.A. The numerical results show that the model is capable of reproducing the observed soil temperature at different depths during the winter as well as a rapid increase of soil temperature after snow melts in the spring. The model also simulates the density, temperature, thickness, and equivalent water depth of snow reasonably well. The numerical results are sensitive to the fresh snow density and the soil properties used in the model, which affect the heat exchange between the snowpack and the soil. 相似文献
72.
Numerical study on wave-induced filtration flow across the beach face and its effects on swash zone sediment transport 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A numerical model, coupling an analysis of beach groundwater flow with an analysis of swash wave motion over a uniform slope, is presented. Model calculations are performed to investigate the variations of swash-induced filtration flows across the beach face for different input parameters. Swash zone sediment transport under the influence of such filtration flow across the beach face is investigated through modification of effective weight of sediment particle and modification of swash boundary layer thickness. These effects are quantified based on a bed load transport model with a modified Shields parameter. 相似文献
73.
The influence of rainstorm pattern on shallow landslide 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Tung-Lin Tsai 《Environmental Geology》2008,53(7):1563-1569
In this study, the influence of the rainstorm pattern on shallow landslide is examined. The physically-based shallow landslide
model is used to conduct this examination with considering four representative rainstorm patterns including uniform, advanced,
central, and delayed rainstorms. The results show that in spite of the rainfall duration and the rainfall pattern, the rainstorm
with less than the minimum landslide-triggering rainfall amount will not trigger landslide. However, for the rainstorm with
greater than the minimum landslide-triggering rainfall amount, the occurrence of landslide significantly depends not only
on the rainfall duration but also on the rainfall pattern. Among the four representative rainstorm patterns, the delayed rainstorm
has the greatest rainfall duration threshold for landslide occurrence, followed by the central rainstorm, and then the uniform
rainstorm. In addition, for each rainstorm pattern, the corresponding rainfall duration threshold for landslide occurrence
decreases with the increase of rainfall amount, and seems to be constant for large rainfall amount. 相似文献
74.
75.
开鲁盆地铀矿水文地球化学找矿研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文从基础地质条件出发 ,界定了开鲁盆地的发展历史 ,全面分析了研究区的水文地质条件、水文地球化学特征及地下水的含铀性 ,确定了在整体坳陷期形成的姚家组和四方台组区域承压含水层的找矿意义。同时 ,从水文地质构造层、渗入渗出体系的划分及浅层地下水和深部地下水化学异常显示等方面入手 ,较详细地阐述了开鲁盆地水文地质条件和水文地球化学特征及其对层间氧化带发育条件的影响 ,预测了两处可地浸砂岩型铀矿的成矿远景地段 ,并指出道德庙是本区最具找矿前景的地区。 相似文献
76.
77.
78.
R. D. Lentz 《国际泥沙研究》2000,(1)
lINTRODUCTIONFurrowirrigationsupplieswatertotheheadofindividuallyformedsoilchannelsataratethatmatchesorexceedsfurrowinfiltrationcapacity,sothatwateradvancesdownslopethroughthefieldtothefurrowoutflow.Increasinginflowrateincreasesstreamdepth,wettedperimeter,velocity,andfurrow-streamadvancerate.Thisincreasesinfiltrationandimprovesirrigationapplicationuniformity.However,boostinginflowsalsoincreasesthestream-shydraulicshearandsoildetachmentrate,andsedimentconcentration,transport,andfieldlosses… 相似文献
79.
A well-developed drainage network is carved in the hard calcretized and gypcretized gravelly sand of the Pleistocene Dibdibba
Formation in northern Kuwait. The present-day aridity suggests that these drainages were developed during pluvial episodes
that took place in the post-Pleistocene time and, therefore, are considered as paleo-drainage. Detailed morphometrical analysis
of the endoeric drainage systems was performed and the degree of correlation among their different morphometric parameters
was investigated. Based on these parameters, the studied drainage basins are statistically grouped into three groups. Such
grouping was confirmed by discriminant analysis. The categorical data analysis demonstrated the dependence of these groupings
on the surface geology, regional topography, and local geomorphological settings. Infiltration measurements revealed that
the drainage bedrocks have a low infiltration rate (<20 cm h–1), whereas the drainage fill deposits have a relatively high infiltration rate (67–30 cm h–1). The impact of the drainage system pattern and morphometry on the hydrological conditions is discussed and potential near-surface
low salinity to freshwater aquifers is delineated. The role of the studied drainage systems in the occurrence of mobile sand
and sand dunes, rainwater harvesting, and land capability are discussed.
Received: 8 September 1995 · Accepted: 24 October 1995 相似文献
80.
关于物理潜蚀作用及其概念模型的讨论 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在对国内外物理潜蚀作用相关文献进行调研的基础上回顾了潜蚀作用的研究历史,对目前物理潜蚀作用研究中存在的问题进行了总结。指出潜蚀工程地质问题在各类工程建设活动中已经变得越来越突出,但由于潜蚀作用发生环境的多样性、作用方式的复杂性、发生过程的随机性等原因,造成实际应用中将各种潜蚀作用尤其是物理潜蚀作用过程的概念经常混淆。对"管涌"、"渗透压密"、"接触管涌"、"接触冲刷"、"流土"、"突涌"、"接触流土"、"流砂"、"流滑"等物理潜蚀作用的发生机理进行了深入细致的分析,在此基础上对目前一些界定不严格的物理潜蚀相关概念进行了辨析和澄清,初步建立了清晰的物理潜蚀作用概念模型,为潜蚀工程地质进一步研究奠定了基础。 相似文献