Statistical Analysis of Landslide Events in Central America and their Run-out Distance   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Graziella Devoli  Fabio V. De Blasio  Anders Elverhøi  Kaare Høeg 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2009,27(1):23-42

Statistical analyses of landslide deposits from similar areas provide information on dynamics and rheology, and are the basis for empirical relationships for the prediction of future events. In Central America landslides represent an important threat in both volcanic and non-volcanic areas. Data, mainly from 348 landslides in Nicaragua, and 19 in other Central American countries have been analyzed to describe landslide characteristics and to search for possible correlations and empirical relationships. The mobility of a landslide, expressed as the ratio between height of fall (H) and run-out distance (L) as a function of the volume and height of fall; and the relationship between the height of fall and run-out distance were studied for rock falls, slides, debris flows and debris avalanches. The data show differences in run-out distance and landslide mobility among different types of landslides and between debris flows in volcanic and non-volcanic areas. The new Central American data add to and seem consistent with data published from other regions. Studies combining field observations and empirical relationships with laboratory studies and numerical simulations will help in the development of more reliable empirical equations for the prediction of landslide run-out, with applications to hazard zonation and design of optimal risk mitigation measures.  相似文献   

Three-dimensional limit analysis of seismic displacement of slope reinforced with piles     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2015

Three-dimensional (3D) limit analysis of seismic stability of slopes reinforced with one row of piles is presented in this paper. A 3D rotational mechanism for earth slope is adopted. The lateral forces provided by the piles are evaluated by the theory of plastic deformation. Expressions for calculating the yield acceleration coefficient are derived. A random iteration method is employed to find the critical acceleration coefficient for the 3D slopes with or without reinforcement. Based on the kinematic theory within the frame of the pseudo-static approach, a 3D model is proposed for evaluating the critical state and the subsequent displacement response. Furthermore, Newmark׳s analytical procedure is employed to estimate the cumulative displacement induced by given earthquake loads. An example is shown to illustrate the influence of the piles on the seismic displacement of the 3D slopes.  相似文献   

Human-induced geological hazards along the Dead Sea coast     

D. Closson  N. Abou Karaki 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(2):371-380

The Dead Sea is a terminal lake whose level is currently dropping at a rate of about 1 m per year due to the over exploitation of all its tributaries. The lowering started about four decades ago but geological hazards appeared more and more frequently from the end of the 1980s. The water level lowering is matched by a parallel groundwater level drop, which results in an increasing intensity of underground and surface water flow. The diagonal interface between the Dead Sea brine and the fresh groundwater is pushed downwards and seawards. Nowadays, sinkholes, subsidence, landslides and reactivated salt-karsts affect wide coastal segments. Until now, mainly infrastructures were damaged and few people/animals were injured, but the ongoing development of tourism in this very attractive situation will increase the risk if precautionary measures are not included in the development plans. This paper discusses the main observations made all around the Dead Sea and shed a light on the differences between the geological hazards of the western shore (Israel, Palestinian Authority) and the eastern shore (Jordan). It is the first attempt to bring together an overview of the human-induced geological hazards encountered along the Dead Sea coast.  相似文献   

Earthquake-induced landslides: 1980–1997     

C. E. Rodríguez  J. J. Bommer  R. J. Chandler 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》1999,18(5):1203

A database of earthquake-induced landslides has been compiled which extends the work of Keefer (Keefer DK. Landslides caused by earthquakes. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 1984;95:406–421) who covered the period 1811–1980 to 1997. A total of 36 earthquakes world-wide are included, the new database having about the same number of earthquakes as reported by Keefer. Correlations evolving from the new database are compared with those of Keefer. Generally the results are very similar, though the presence of extreme outliers in some of the correlations emphasises the need to be aware of special cases, particularly those involving quick clay landslides. Seismological features, including multiple earthquakes and simultaneous arrival of different phases of seismic waves, also influence the outliers. The correlations between earthquake magnitude and total landslide area, however, differ somewhat from Keefer's. For the intermediate magnitude range 5.3–7.0, a modified correlation is suggested. The scatter of the data from which the correlations are derived is greater than found by Keefer. This is ascribed to the different geographic locations of the earthquakes in the two data sets.  相似文献   

Geologic hazards along part of Al-sayl–Alkabeir Al-Jammum road in Saudi Arabia     

A. A. Amin 《Environmental Geology》1999,39(1):20-24

 The geological hazards along part of Al-Sayl Alkabeir Al-Jammum road, western Saudi Arabia, were studied by the use of the sterographic projection to define the types of possible failures and the magnitude of safety factor on each slope face. The studied area consists of granite and granodiorite rocks that were cut by acidic and basic dikes. There are four sets of structural discontinuities which, besides a few strike slip faults, constitute the planes of weakness that lead to a variety of possible mode failures. The stability analysis indicates that sections of the road are unstable as their cut slopes exceed the maximum safe slope angles which range between 65° and 73°. Received: 16 June 1998 · Accepted: 2 March 1999  相似文献   

Real-time estimation of hazard for landslides triggered by rainfall   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

G. Iiritano  P. Versace  B. Sirangelo 《Environmental Geology》1998,35(2-3):175-183

 Landslide movements triggered by rainfall can be foreseen in real-time by modelling the relationship between rainfall amount and landslide occurrence. This paper deals with the problem of the reliability of the FLaIR (Forecasting of Landslides Induced by Rainfalls) model when applied to forecasting landslide movements in the usual condition of poor historical information availability. In this case, the identification of the admissibility field for the model parameters, instead of a point estimation, leads to an improvement of the forecasting reliability. Moreover, this approach makes the model capable of taking into account information embodied in periods of heavy rain but without movement. The concepts of informative content and foreseeability of landslide movements are introduced and their duality is analyzed. The effectiveness of the estimation procedure described has been tested by application on two landslides located in southern Italy. Received: 15 October 1996 · Accepted: 25 June 1997  相似文献   

Production of frictional heat and hot vapour in a model of self-lubricating landslides     

F. V. De Blasio 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2008,41(1):219-226

  相似文献   

Landslides in Valles Marineris (Mars): A possible role of basal lubrication by sub-surface ice   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Fabio Vittorio De Blasio 《Planetary and Space Science》2011,59(13):1384-1392

There is much interest on the occurrence of water and ice in the past history of Mars. Because landslides on Mars are much better conserved than their terrestrial counterparts, a physical examination and morphological analysis can reveal significant details on the depositional environment at the instant of failure. A study of the landslides in Valles Marineris based on their physical aspect is presented and the velocity of the landslides is calculated with a stretching block model. The results show that the landslides were subject to strong basal lubrication that made them travel at high speed and to long distances. We use physical analysis to explore the four alternative possibilities that the natural lubricant of the landslides in Valles Marineris was either ice, deep water, a shallow carpet of water, or evaporites. Examination of the furrows present on the surface of the landslide deposits shows that either sub-surface ice or evaporites were likely present on the floor of Valles Marineris during the mass failures.  相似文献   

汶川地震滑坡与地震参数及地质地貌因素之间的相关关系   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李秀珍  孔纪名  崔云  田述军 《工程地质学报》2010,18(1):8

在对汶川地震诱发的典型滑坡进行野外调查和相关资料收集、分析和整理的基础上,对汶川地震滑坡与地震参数及坡度、岩土体特性等地质地貌因素之间的相关关系进行了统计分析。结果表明: (1)汶川地震滑坡主要发生在Ⅶ～Ⅺ烈度区, Ⅵ度及以下烈度区中发生的滑坡较少; (2)汶川地震滑坡主要发生在距震中300km的范围内,且距震中200km的范围内滑坡分布最为集中; (3)汶川地震滑坡的易发斜坡坡度为30～50,其中30～40是汶川地震滑坡发育最为敏感的坡度; (4)汶川地震滑坡主要发生在600～1500m的高程范围内,在600～1000m高程范围内的中低山和丘陵区滑坡分布最为集中; (5)砂泥岩、板岩、片岩、千枚岩等软岩类和土质类岩性是汶川地震滑坡的易发岩性,其次是软硬岩组合类,在统计的47个典型滑坡中,花岗岩、碳酸盐岩等硬岩类中发生的滑坡最少,而且由汶川地震直接导致复活的老滑坡也比较少。  相似文献   

数据库管理系统在地震滑坡研究中的应用地震滑坡数据库管理系统     

陈晓利  王喆  王明明 《工程地质学报》2010,18(1):105

地震滑坡资料是深入研究地震滑坡问题的宝贵基础资料,但是目前对这些资料缺乏有效的管理和利用。本文介绍的地震滑坡数据库管理系统可以科学合理地对这些资料进行高效管理,节省科研前期的投入,提高工作效率。本系统界面友好、操作方便,具有良好的可维护性、可扩充性和升级换代能力,可以加速地震滑坡问题的研究步伐,是地震滑坡问题研究的一个有力工具。  相似文献