Improvement in the calculation of anti-Stokes energy transfer and experimental justification based on Er_0.01Yb_xY_{1 - 0.01 - x}VO₄ crystal     

陈晓波  卢建  张蕴芝  徐小灵  冯宝华  王策  Gregory J. Salamo  杨国建 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(9)

The improvement on the calculation of anti-Stokes energy transfer rate is studied in the present work. The additional proportion coefficient between Stokes and anti-Stokes light intensities of quantum Raman scattering theory as compared with the classical Raman theory is introduced to successfully describe the anti-Stokes energy transfer. The theoretical formula for the improvement on the calculation of anti-Stokes energy transfer rate is derived for the first time in this study. The correctness of introducing coefficient exp{ΔE / kT} from well-known Raman scatter theory is demonstrated also. Moreover, the experimental lifetime measurement in Er_0.01Yb_xY_{1 - 0.01 - x}VO₄ crystal is performed to justify the validity of our important improvement in the original phonon-assisted energy transfer theory for the first time.  相似文献   

Are modern metaheuristics successful in calibrating simple conceptual rainfall–runoff models?     

Adam P. Piotrowski  Maciej J. Napiorkowski  Jaroslaw J. Napiorkowski  Marzena Osuch  Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz 《水文科学杂志》2017,62(4):606-625

In recent years sampling approaches have been used more widely than optimization algorithms to find parameters of conceptual rainfall–runoff models, but the difficulty of calibration of such models remains in dispute. The problem of finding a set of optimal parameters for conceptual rainfall–runoff models is interpreted differently in various studies, ranging from simple to relatively complex and difficult. In many papers, it is claimed that novel calibration approaches, so-called metaheuristics, outperform the older ones when applied to this task, but contradictory opinions are also plentiful. The present study aims at calibration of two simple lumped conceptual hydrological models, HBV and GR4J, by means of a large number of metaheuristic algorithms. The tests are performed on four catchments located in regions with relatively similar climatic conditions, but on different continents. The comparison shows that, although parameters found may somehow differ, the performance criteria achieved with simple lumped models calibrated by various metaheuristics are very similar and differences are insignificant from the hydrological point of view. However, occasionally some algorithms find slightly better solutions than those found by the vast majority of methods. This means that the problem of calibration of simple lumped HBV or GR4J models may be deceptive from the optimization perspective, as the vast majority of algorithms that follow a common evolutionary principle of survival of the fittest lead to sub-optimal solutions.  相似文献   

功能性Fe3O4磁纳米粒子的合成     

孙凤春 《吉林地质》2019,38(3):68-71

本研究以PNIPAM(聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)为单体,先制备出来Fe3O4@SiO2纳米颗粒,再与DMP(十二烷基三硫代碳酸酯)链转移剂进行酯化反应,制备的产物作为新的链转移剂,在偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂的条件下,利用可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合(RAFT)活性聚合法制备温度响应性磁纳米粒子。通过红外光谱法、核磁共振法对聚合物的结构进行表征,谱图表明成功地合成出所需的产物。通过扫描电镜对其进行分析,所得到的Fe3O4@SiO2-PNIPAM聚合物纳米颗粒分布比较均匀。  相似文献   

不同年龄杉木人工林土壤无机氮比较研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

向升华  高人  马红亮  刘乐中 《福建地理》2008,(1):24-30

在福建南平杉木林中心产区,选取11、21、28、40、88年生杉木人工林以及采伐迹地、杂木林为研究对象,研究不同年龄杉木林土壤无机氮的差异．结果表明：不同年龄杉木林土壤NH4^＋-N含量差异显著,以21年生的杉木人工林最高（11．91±0．43mg·kg^-1）,其他的为88年生的（8．33±0．38mg·kg^-1）〉28年生的（8．19±0．25mg·kg^-1）〉11年生的（5．65±0．17mg·kg^-1）〉40年生的（5．63±0．38mg·kg^-1）;NO3^--N含量较低（3．15～4．11mg·kg^-1）,且没有显著差异,这与杉木林所处的生长阶段、土壤理化性质有关．杉木林取代杂木林后,NH4^＋-N和NO3^--N含量都有所下降;采伐迹地土壤NH4^＋-N（19．74±1．44mg·kg^-1）和NO3^--N（18．05±0．72mg·kg^-1）含量远高于88年生的杉木林,分别是88年生的2．37和4．60倍．本地区无机氮含量较低,NH4^＋-N占无机氮的比例为60．0％～74．3％,NH4^＋-N为无机氮的主要形态．  相似文献   

Future projection of East China Sea temperature by dynamic downscaling of the IPCC_AR4 CCSM3 model result     

于晓林  王凡  唐晓晖 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2012,30(5):826-842

Future temperature distributions of the marginal Chinese seas are studied by dynamic downscaling of global CCSM3 IPCC_AR4 scenario runs.Different forcing fields from 2080-2099 Special Report on Emissions Scenarios(SRES) B1,A1,and A2 to 1980-1999 20C3M are averaged and superimposed on CORE2 and SODA2.2.4 data to force high-resolution regional future simulations using the Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS).Volume transport increments in downscaling simulation support the CCSM3 result that with a weakening subtropical gyre circulation,the Kuroshio Current in the East China Sea(ECS) is possibly strengthened under the global warming scheme.This mostly relates to local wind change,whereby the summer monsoon is strengthened and winter monsoon weakened.Future temperature fluxes and their seasonal variations are larger than in the CCSM3 result.Downscaling 100 years’ temperature increments are comparable to the CCSM3,with a minimum in B1 scenario of 1.2-2.0°C and a maximum in A2 scenario of 2.5-4.5°C.More detailed temperature distributions are shown in the downscaling simulation.Larger increments are in the Bohai Sea and middle Yellow Sea,and smaller increments near the southeast coast of China,west coast of Korea,and southern ECS.There is a reduction of advective heat north of Taiwan Island and west of Tsushima in summer,and along the southern part of the Yellow Sea warm current in winter.There is enhancement of advective heat in the northern Yellow Sea in winter,related to the delicate temperature increment distribution.At 50 meter depth,the Yellow Sea cold water mass is destroyed.Our simulations suggest that in the formation season of the cold water mass,regional temperature is higher in the future and the water remains at the bottom until next summer.In summer,the mixed layer is deeper,making it much easier for the strengthened surface heat flux to penetrate to the bottom of this water.  相似文献   

EH4连续电导率成像技术在矿产勘查中的应用——以内蒙古阿吉勒铜铅锌多金属矿床为例     

王春生  于爱军  陈孝强  马德锡  罗学辉  张廷彦 《地质与资源》2011,20(5):387-390

阿吉勒矿区是新发现的以铜铅锌为主的多金属矿点.EH4连续电导率测量解析度高,可精确探测地下1000 m范围内地质体的形态、规模、产状和埋深等信息.通过在阿吉勒矿区的应用,很好地反映了矿区深部地质体的构造特征,发现了与矿（化）体有关的电性异常,在查明深部地质体特征和寻找隐伏矿体方面取得了良好的效果.  相似文献   

西南岩溶地区找水的地球物理方法探讨   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

李华  焦彦杰  吴文贤  杨剑  杨俊波 《水文地质工程地质》2011,38(5):1-6

总结了目前国内主要的物探找水技术方法,分析了各种方法的优缺点及其适应范围。以云南个旧市的找水成果作为典型案例,重点介绍了EH4电磁成像找水方法的技术特点、在岩溶区找水的可行性分析、数据处理和成果解释过程,最后推断出可能存在地下水的位置,并布设井位用于指导施工。后期追踪调查表明,勘察区已成功打出地下水,证明了使用EH4电磁成像技术在岩溶区找水的可行性。  相似文献   

龙岩地震台GM4型磁通门磁力仪典型干扰分析     

杨佩琴  刘其寿  王绍然  黄鹤凌  郑永通 《华北地震科学》2010,28(4):60-63

GM4型磁通门磁力仪是"十五"项目中地磁学科主要仪器。龙岩台GM4型磁通门磁力仪主要受到来自铁磁性物质和电磁类型的干扰。由已知干扰类型,对记录曲线典型畸变形态进行对比、分析、总结,可以更好分辨干扰,进行恰当、合理、准确地预处理,保证数据的连续、可靠、精确。  相似文献   

TH-PPLCT防护铅罐屏蔽效果的模拟与研究     

刘洋  游泳  刘义保  朱佳山 《CT理论与应用研究》2010,19(1):48-55

本文利用Geant4模拟了FD3013数字γ辐射仪探测器探测晶体,对137Cs(0.661MeV)的γ射线的探测效率,和TH-PPLCT教学仪防护铅罐对137Cs源的防护效果,并建立了简易人体模型,仿真计算了人体吸收剂量,结果显示防护铅罐屏蔽后的辐射剂量在可接受的水平内。  相似文献   

5V正极材料LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4的制备及电化学性能研究          下载免费PDF全文

徐晓莉  朱靖文  崔孝玲  毛丽萍  李世友 《盐湖研究》2010,18(4)

采用溶胶-凝胶-自蔓延燃烧法和固相法制备了LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4,XRD图谱表明由溶胶-凝胶-自蔓延燃烧法得到纯相的LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4,而用固相法制成的LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4中含杂相物质。采用恒流充放电和倍率放电等分析方法对LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/Li电池进行测试。结果表明溶胶-凝胶-自蔓延燃烧法制备的样品所组装电池放电容量较高,工作电压较高,循环稳定性较好,且倍率性能优良。  相似文献