Hydrological alterations from water infrastructure development in the Mekong floodplains          下载免费PDF全文

Thanh Duc Dang  Thomas A. Cochrane  Mauricio E. Arias  Pham Dang Tri Van  Tonny T. de Vries 《水文研究》2016,30(21):3824-3838

The Mekong floodplains, which encompasses the region from Kratie Township in Central Cambodia to the Vietnamese East Sea, is a region of globally renown agricultural productivity and biodiversity. The construction of 135 dams across the Mekong basin and the development of delta‐based flood prevention systems have caused public concern given possible threats on the stability of agricultural and ecological systems in the floodplains. Mekong dams store water upstream and regulate flow seasonality, while in situ flood prevention systems re‐distribute water retention capacity in the floodplains. The main aim of this paper is to evaluate possible impacts of the recent development of both hydropower dams and flood prevention systems on hydrological regimes in the Mekong floodplains. An analysis of measured daily and hourly water level data for key stations in the Mekong floodplains from Kratie to the river mouth in Vietnam was conducted. Hydropower dam information was obtained from the hydropower database managed by the Mekong River Commission, and the MODIS satellite imagery was used to detect changes in flooding extent related to the operation of flood prevention systems in the Vietnam Mekong Delta. Results indicate that the upper part of the floodplains, the Cambodian floodplains, may buffer upstream dam impacts to the Vietnam Mekong Delta. Flood prevention up to date has had the greatest effect on the natural hydrological regime of the Mekong floodplains, evidenced by a significant increase of water level rise and fall rates in the upper delta and causing water levels in the middle delta to increase. The development of flood prevention systems has also effected spatial distribution of flooding as indicated via a time series analysis of satellite imagery. While this development leads to increase localized agricultural productivity, our historical data analysis indicates that development of one region detrimentally affects other regions within the delta, which could increase the risk of future conflicts among regions, economic sectors and the ecological value of these important floodplains. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则在岩土工程中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘英  于立宏 《世界地质》2010,29(4):633-639

对Tresca屈服准则、Mises屈服准则、双剪屈服准则及Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则的屈服线、屈服应力进行分析比较,找出了各种屈服准则之间的差异。探讨Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则与其他屈服准则的关系,并确定Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则在岩土工程中的安全性及岩土体破坏时的破裂面位置与滑移线之间的关系。以亚碧罗水电站实测地应力为例,对实测地应力用不同的屈服准则进行分析,论证了Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则的安全性及剪切破裂面与滑移线的差异。  相似文献   

藏木水电站某标段边坡预应力锚固工程风险评价模型     

吴丽  陈礼仪  吴飞 《探矿工程》2010,37(7):70-73

藏木水电站某标段边坡预应力锚固工程施工中面临众多的风险,且存在多种不确定因素,项目管理难度大。构建了项目风险评价指标体系,使用三标度法和层次分析法对指标进行权重分析,引入了模糊综合评判模型,将管理者和专家的经验由定性转为定量,对项目风险进行了定量化评价,评价结论为＂风险较大＂,为进一步制定项目管理方案提供了依据。  相似文献   

四川安谷水电站勘探竖井及试验平硐施工工艺          下载免费PDF全文

付兵 《探矿工程》2012,39(6):80-84

四川安谷水电站勘探竖井所处地层河床砂卵石层深厚,采用传统的人工挖掘护壁或沉井施工工艺,施工难度大。针对地层的特点,采用冲击钻机成孔的方式施工。同时,在竖井中开挖试验平硐,遵循多炮眼、小进尺、小药量,光面爆破的施工方案,圆满完成试验平硐的开挖。介绍了其施工技术及注意事项。  相似文献   

一种简单的岩体地下洞室地震安全评价方法   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

李海波  刘博  吕涛  许文锋  杨建宏  夏祥  周青春 《岩土力学》2009,30(7):1873-1882

提出了动应力集中因子代表值的概念,以合理反映地震荷载作用下地下洞室围岩的动应力集中程度,并将动应力集中因子代表值,作为洞室地震响应的关键特征来衡量洞室地震响应的大小。应用显示有限差分法,讨论了地震动加速度幅值、洞室埋深、围岩岩体级别、衬砌混凝土厚度、衬砌混凝土强度等级与动应力集中因子代表值的相关关系。研究表明,动应力集中因子代表值与这5个因素均近似呈线性关系。在此基础上给出了有（无）衬砌支护结构两种情况的地震安全评价公式,提出了岩体地下洞室的地震安全评价方法。应用提出的评价方法,分别对唐山余震地震作用下溪洛渡水电站超大型地下洞室群的地震安全性进行了评价,所得结果与Dowding-Rozen及Sharma-Judd的评价方法结果一致。分析还表明,文中提出的岩体地下工程的地震安全评价方法的评价结果是偏于安全的。  相似文献   

两河口水电站初期导流洞固结灌浆试验施工工艺          下载免费PDF全文

黄辉  伍远鹏 《探矿工程》2012,39(5):81-84

两河口水电站初期导流洞发育有较多断层及绢云母板岩夹层,尤其是以f25、f3、f8系列,f4、f28等断层由多条次级错动带组成,破碎带宽度大,岩体完整性差,围岩极不稳定。为了确保导流洞运行安全,需对导流洲洲内Ⅳ类、Ⅴ类围岩区域进行固结灌浆施工并根据要求进行灌浆试验。主要介绍了固结灌浆试验施工工艺。  相似文献   

双场点地震危险性分析方法及其应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

雷建成  高孟潭  吴健  亢川川 《地震学报》2010,32(3):310-319

提出了双场点地震危险性分析方法,用以计算在相同地震构造环境中,相同地震作用下的相邻两个工程场点同时超越其给定地震动参数的概率.该方法是确定系统的危险段落、场点遭受的附加地震危险的有效工具.基于汶川MS8.0地震后大渡河干流及邻近地区的地震环境,以大渡河干流梯级水电站系统为例,确定了大渡河干流梯级水电站各个河段的地震危险性.其中危险性最高的3个河段是:龚嘴—铜街子河段、沙坪—龚嘴河段和大岗山—龙头石河段.  相似文献   

怒江左岸小型水电工程地质环境适宜性评价     

胡建刚  刘勇平  姜海波 《地球科学与环境学报》2007,29(3):294-299

通过现场调查和理论分析,研究了拟建的怒江左岸马跨地—俄夺罗水电站工程建设区地质环境条件及地质灾害类型、分布、规模,分析了地质环境条件对水电工程的影响及水电站建设和运营过程中对地质环境条件的影响,探讨了怒江左岸小型水电工程地质环境适宜性,提出了地质灾害防治措施建议。认为从地质环境条件看,怒江左岸建设小型水电工程是基本适宜的。  相似文献   

Application of integrated geophysical interpretation on accumulation body     

Caikun GAO Huakun DU Jingtian TANG Kangxiu WU Chang＇an XIAO Shiping WANG 《东北亚地学研究》2008,11(3):191-196

Integrated geophysical interpretation is a method of combinating different geophysics prospecting methods based on different physical properties of accumulation. As different geophysical methods own different interpretations and varying detection accuracies, the key issue becomes how to integrate the results of several geophysical methods to corrently carry out a comprehensive explanation. Based on different geophysical results, the authors proposed an integrated geophysical explanation method and successfully applied it in practical engineering problems.  相似文献   

A fisheries application of a dual-frequency identification sonar acoustic camera   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

Moursund  Russell A; Carlson  Thomas J; Peters  Rock D 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2003,60(3):678-683

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