下江群沉积地质特征及其对华南 新元古代构造演化的约束   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

张传恒  刘耀明  史晓颖  高林志  张聪 《地球学报》2009,30(4):495-504

华南西部新元古代裂陷纪大地构造属性和原型盆地性质是一个涉及到扬子古陆在全球构造中的定位、且争议较大的基础地质问题。新元古代下江群发育于强变形变质的盐边群和弱变形变质的板溪群之间, 处于以滨浅海沉积为主的板溪群向深海沉积转化的过渡带内。下江群以浊流沉积的杂砂岩为主, 沉积物扩散方向指向西。下江群清水江组砂岩骨架颗粒统计分析表明, 物源来自再旋回造山带。常量元素地球化学特征显示, 下江群碎屑岩系形成于活动陆缘区的弧后盆地靠大陆一侧。结合盐边群、苏雄组大地构造属性及其与下江群的空间关系, 推测当时的华南西部处于汇聚型板块边缘内, 总体属弧后伸展型盆地。  相似文献   

开发尺度的曲流河储层内部结构地震沉积学解释方法          下载免费PDF全文

张涛  林承焰  张宪国  董春梅  曾洪流 《地学前缘》2012,19(2):74-80

曲流河地层内部结构复杂,岩性界面具有穿时性,传统的地震相分析法不能满足油藏开发地质研究中对储层内部结构精细解释的需要,急需探索有效的地震解释方法。采用基于探地雷达的露头探测、点坝复合体三维正演模拟和实际地震资料相结合的方法,分析了地震资料频率和地层厚度对曲流河内部结构地震反射特征的影响,研究了利用地层切片解释曲流河沉积结构的原理和方法,建立了开发尺度的曲流河内部结构地震沉积学解释技术。研究发现:(1)高频地震资料中地震反射能够反映曲流河侧积复合体边界,而低频地震资料中反射同相轴与岩性界面一致;(2)不同厚度的点坝侧积单元地震反射特征存在差异,造成反射剖面的多解性。同时指出曲流河内部结构地震沉积学解释的技术关键:(1)发挥地震资料平面与剖面信息的相互约束和补充;(2)将地质体作为三维空间发育的成因体,利用其平面与剖面特征的成因联系指导解释;(3)级次化解释方法,在不同级次上采用针对性的解释方法。将该方法应用于墨西哥湾新近系地震沉积学解释,实现了曲流河点坝复合体内部结构的三维刻画。  相似文献   

南堡凹陷东营组高精度层序地层格架及沉积体系分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苗顺德  李秋芬  梁建设  陈艳鹏 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2011,(Z1):61-68

在高分辨率三维地震、钻井以及大量地质资料研究基础上,根据层序地层界面特征,将南堡凹陷东营组划分为1个二级层序和4个三级层序。以初始洪泛面和最大洪泛面识别特征为依据,进一步将三级层序划分出体系域。通过层序地层格架特征及其发育位置分析,认为柳南次凹层序地层格架发育的主控因素为构造、物源和湖平面变化。应用层序地层学原理及南堡凹陷沉积充填背景研究,认为柳南次凹的沉积体系类型为冲积扇、扇三角洲、水下扇、重力流及湖泊沉积体系。冲积扇及水下扇体系在低位体系域中发育,高位体系域中扇三角洲体系和重力流发育,湖扩体系域中湖泊体系非常发育。  相似文献   

Early Paleozoic Ocean Plate Stratigraphy of the Beishan Orogenic Zone, NW China: Implications for Regional Tectonic Evolution     

WANG Jiaxuan  ZHANG Kexin  JIN Jisuo  SONG Bowen  YU Yang  WANG Lijun  WANG Shengdong  SUN Shuo 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(4):1042-1059

The Beishan orogenic zone is a key area to understand evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt that is an accretionary factory well-enough preserved in the Paleozoic. In early Paleozoic, the tectonic mélange zone containing the coherent unit and mélange unit is triggered by the complicated accretionary process of the Beishan area. The early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Beishan orogenic zone is investigated in this study using sedimentology and stratigraphic correlations of the lowe Paleozoic deposits. From the Cambrian to the middle Ordovician, this region was characterized by geographically extensive, flat-bedded siliceous mudstone, indicating the existence of a large ocean basin. The oceanic plate entered the convergence phase in terms of the Wilson Circle during the Middle Ordovician, when numerous magmatic arcs formed along two opposite sides of the ocean. The magmatic arcs became the widest during the Silurian, suggesting that the Hongliuhe-Niujuanzi-Xichangjing Ocean(HNX; a southern branch of the Paleo Asian Ocean) was reduced to a small residual ocean in the central Beishan region by that time, and probably lasted till the Carboniferous or later by newly published data.  相似文献   

Physical sedimentology experiments with sulfuric acid solutions: Implications for Mars?     

Kathleen C. Benison  Deidre LaClair  Jessica Walker   《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2008,270(3-4):330-337

Physical sedimentology experiments have shown that sulfuric acid solutions may have formed some surface features seen on Mars. Recent data returned from Mars show the presence of jarosite, sulfate salts, hematite, phyllosilicates, and opaline silica, all of which precipitate from some terrestrial sulfuric acid solutions. There is a plethora of geochemical, mineralogical, and sedimentological data indicative of past sulfuric acid systems on Mars, but there has never been a comprehensive study published regarding sulfuric acid as a physical sedimentological agent. In the laboratory, we ran liquids of various compositions over sediments in order to test how these liquids entrain, transport, and deposit sediments. Pure water and concentrated sulfuric acid solutions produced the same general features, such as channels, gullies, and alluvial fans. However, sulfuric acid solutions yielded some distinct sedimentary features not produced by pure water runs. These features, narrow, deeply incised channels of consistent widths, rounded discrete fans, and air bubble “craters”, are similar to some Martian landscape features. These experimental results indicate that acid solutions should be considered a possible sedimentological agent on Mars.  相似文献   

The influence of variable topography on the depositional behaviour of pyroclastic density currents: The examples of the Upper Pollara eruption (Salina Island,southern Italy)     

Roberto Sulpizio  Rosanna De Rosa  Paola Donato 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2008

Stratigraphic reconstruction of the Upper Pollara eruption has allowed for the inference of eruptive mechanisms and the distillation of a sedimentological model for pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) moving across variable topography. The pre-eruptive topography in the study area was characterised by a tuff ring-like morphology, with both inward and outward dipping slopes. Highly viscous, moderately porphyritic, dacitic to rhyolitic magmas fed the eruption, which was characterised by a Vulcanian eruptive style. The stratigraphic succession was divided into five eruption units (EUs), which result from different phases of the eruption separated by stases. Sustained columns occurred only during EU1, while PDC generation dominates EU2–5. Lithofacies analysis of the PDC deposits indicates the prevalence of massive coarse-grained deposits on the inner slopes of the Pollara crater, which are interpreted as the deposits of a flow-boundary zone dominated by granular flow or fluid escape regimes. Dune-bedded, massive to stratified lithofacies dominate the outer slopes of the Pollara crater, and are interpreted as the deposits of PDCs with flow-boundary zones in which traction played a major role. Thin, massive PDC deposits are exposed on the sub-horizontal Malfa terrace, and are interpreted as representative of flow-boundary zones dominated by a granular flow regime. The occurrence of stacked deposits indicates that most of the PDCs were characterised by unsteady pulsatory behaviour, with development of trains of pulses during their transport. The downcurrent lithofacies transitions observed for the Upper Pollara deposits have finally been compared with other similar lithofacies associations which have been described for short-lived PDCs at tuff rings, in order to discuss the influence of pre-eruptive topography on lithofacies association.  相似文献   

松辽盆地东南隆起区营城组珍珠岩斑晶矿物研究     

郑常青  丁雪  王璞珺  孟宪林  王虎  孙长利 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2009,39(6):1013

松辽盆地早白垩世营城组火山岩系含有丰富的珍珠岩,为松辽盆地重要的油气勘探目的层位。在松辽盆地边缘东南隆起九台地区出露有比较新鲜的珍珠岩,内部斑晶保存完好,裂隙发育;斑晶矿物主要有斜长石、黑云母、角闪石,还有镁铁质的单斜辉石和斜方辉石。对含斑晶珍珠岩和剔除斑晶后的珍珠岩玻璃质分别进行地球化学分析,斑晶矿物进行单矿物电子探针成分研究。其结果表明：该珍珠岩属于酸性高钾钙-碱性系列,微量和稀土元素特征显示与上部地壳相似;斑晶矿物单斜辉石为斜紫苏辉石和次透辉石,斜方辉石为紫苏辉石,均显示变质成因,属于捕虏晶;与珍珠岩相邻层位玄武岩的斑晶斜长石为拉长石,单斜辉石为铁次透辉石,属于岩浆成因。这些特征表明,珍珠岩原岩可能来自于上部地壳,其辉石等捕虏晶为岩浆上侵运移过程与围岩发生混染作用的结果。  相似文献   

东海内陆架陆源物质矿物组成对粒度和地球化学成分的制约   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

徐方建  李安春  万世明  刘建国  徐兆凯  肖尚斌  王金丽 《地球科学》2009,34(4):613-622

通过对东海内陆架EC2005孔柱状沉积物陆源矿物、粒度及地球化学成分分析, 尝试探讨三者之间的制约关系.该孔柱状沉积物主要矿物成分为粘土矿物、石英以及长石.石英和长石含量控制着平均粒径的大小.矿物含量与化学成分含量表现出较好的相关性, 体现了矿物对地球化学成分的控制.沉积物中各种矿物颗粒的大小差别造成了沉积物粒度的差异, 矿物间化学组分的不同是影响沉积物化学成分含量的主要因素, 其往往通过粒度组成间接地表现出来, 这就造成了“元素的粒度控制”表面现象, 实质上是矿物的种类和含量对粒度和地球化学成分起控制作用.   相似文献   

北塘凹陷古近系沙河街组三段物源体系分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

黄传炎  王华  周立宏  任培罡  刘军  白云风 《地球科学》2009,34(6):975-984

物源分析是盆地分析的重要内容之一.北塘凹陷古近系沙河街组三段(Es₃) 湖泊范围广、沉积厚度大, 而勘探程度低, 是大港油田未来勘探的重要突破区, 精细刻画北塘凹陷沙三段物源体系对沉积体系重建、有利区带预测具有重要意义.采用构造格架及古地貌宏观区分物源区与沉积区, 根据碎屑矿物组合特征划分物源区块, 依据地震反射特征勾绘物源在盆内进积方向, 利用砂体等厚图和砂地比等值线图精细描绘物源分支, 从不同角度、不同层次对北塘凹陷沙三段古物源体系进行精细研究.结果表明, 北塘凹陷物源来自北部燕山褶皱带和西部沧县隆起, 具体分为西部的沧县物源、西北角的汉沽物源、北部的大神堂物源和东北角的涧南物源.在物源体系和构造组合特征的控制下, 沙三段主要发育扇三角洲沉积体系.   相似文献   

埕岛油田沙三1段储层沉积学特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周永红  张晓宝  王远坤  吴茂炳 《沉积学报》2000,18(2):268-272

沙三1 段是埕岛油田重要储集层之一,其储集层岩石学特征研究对该油田的滚动开发及勘探选区评价具有十分重要的指导意义。本文研究了沙三1 段储层沉积特征。研究认为 :⑴沙三1 段储集层为一套粗碎屑沉积岩,属河流 -滨浅湖沉积体系辫状河三角洲相,⑵块状层理粗砂岩相、槽状交错层理中细砂岩相、波状交错层理细砂岩相和平行层理细砂岩相为最有利的油气储集岩石相;Sf→Mm相组合、Sm→Mm相组合、St→Mm相组合以及Sr→Sh相组合是最发育的岩石相组合类型,也是最有利油气储集的岩石相组合,⑶物源方向主要为北东和西南;沉积相展布受构造控制,呈北北西 -南南东方向展布;沉积面貌具有西高东低、南高北低的沉积特征。  相似文献