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污染物的固化/安定化处理的种类和研究应用现状 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
蓝俊康 《地质灾害与环境保护》2005,16(3):281-286
污染物的固化/安定化技术处理可归纳为6大类,即基于水泥的固化技术、基于石灰的固化技术、矿物吸附技术、热固技术、热塑技术和玻璃化技术等。其中有机聚合物固化剂(热固、热塑材料)一般用于处理固态有机污染物;玻璃化技术一般用于处理污染土、城市垃圾焚烧物和放射性物质。因无机胶结剂操作方便、成本低、能处理的无机污染物范围很广,因此使用频率较高(90%以上),而有机胶结剂固化技术和废物玻璃化处理技术成本高,仅被用于特殊污染物的处理。 相似文献
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采用新型含磷材料(KMP)及水泥(PC)固化稳定化锌(Zn)、铅(Pb)重金属污染土,研究试验土经冻融循环后的毒性浸出(CLP)、无侧限抗压强度(UCT)、压汞试验(MIP)及化学形态分析(BCR),探究固化污染土的力学特性及耐久特性。试验结果表明,经冻融循环后,未处理污染土Zn、Pb浸出值均超过中国土壤标准;采用KMP和PC固化后,Zn、Pb浸出浓度明显低于未处理污染土;KMP固化污染土比PC固化污染土重金属固化效果更为显著,并能达到中国土壤标准;与常规养护相比,冻融循环之后的固化土体强度明显减小;经过12级冻融循环的KMP固化复合Zn、Pb重金属污染污染土强度高于PC固化试样8.6倍。压汞试验表明,经12级冻融循环后固化污染土孔隙体积增大,化学形态分析结果表明,采用KMP、PC固化重金属污染土中可交换态Zn随着养护龄期的增长而减少,残渣态Zn增加。 相似文献
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Ajay Manglik 《Journal of Earth System Science》2005,114(2):169-176
During the solidification of a lava lake heat is released convectively from the top surface as well as conductively into the
country rock from the base, leading to non-uniform solidification. The upper solidified layer grows at a faster rate than
the lower solidified layer. Similarly, solidification of magma intrusion within the crust is also non-uniform due to the presence
of thermal gradient in the crust. Available analytical solution for solidification of a melt layer assumes only symmetric
cooling about the centre of the layer. In the present work a moving boundary solution for thermal evolution and non-uniform
solidification of a melt layer incorporating time-varying contact temperature conditions at both of its boundaries is developed.
The solution is obtained by using the Fourier spectral approach in the space domain and a modified finite difference scheme
in the time domain, and is validated with available analytical solutions for simple cases and a semi-analytical solution for
the case involving temperature gradient in the country rock. This solution can be used to analyse solidification of lava lakes
and magma intrusions experiencing time-dependent temperature variation at their contacts with the country rock. 相似文献
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With the rapid urbanization in Shanghai, China, suitable fill materials have been reported to be in great shortage in recent years. A prospective solution to these issues is to convert the huge amount of existing dredged marine soils to construction materials via solidification. However, there have been no studies on the shear behavior of solidified dredged materials from Shanghai region so far, while it has been reported by various researchers that the available data obtained from certain types of clay cannot be confidently and readily applied to other types of soils. To address this challenging issue, in this article, samples of Shanghai marine dredged soils were retrieved from the world’s largest reclamation project in Shanghai Lin-gang New City. A series of laboratory tests have been conducted to investigate the shear behavior of Shanghai dredged marine soils solidified using a new composite curing agent made of cement and lignin. The test results and the effect of this cement–lignin agent on the shear behavior of Shanghai marine soils, including the stress–strain behavior, shear strength properties, and failure characteristics are presented and discussed, which can provide valuable reference for the use of dredged soils as construction materials in the Shanghai region. 相似文献