埕北油田弱碱三元复合驱可行性实验研究     

刘义刚  ;卢祥国  ;张运来  ;王晓燕 《海洋地质译丛》2009,(3):31-36

埕北油田具有原油黏度高、油层渗透能力强和非均质性严重等特点，水驱开发效果差，剩余油储量大，而生产平台工作时间已达到设计使用寿命，急需高效、快速的提高采收率技术。针对埕北油藏地质、流体性质和开发现状，利用仪器检测和理论分析方法，开展了聚合物溶液、三元复合体系和改性三元复合体系性质和调驱效果实验研究。结果表明，与三元复合体系相比较，添加入Cr^3＋后得到的改性三元复合体系在黏度和界面张力性质方面几乎没有发生变化，但其阻力系数和残余阻力系数有了较大幅度提高。在化学费用相近条件下，“调剖＋三元复合驱”和改性三元复合驱要比三元复合驱增油效果好，采收率增幅可以达到15％以上。推荐埕北油田采用弱碱三元复合驱，三元复合体系配方组成为“大庆超高”聚合物（CP=1600～1800mg／L）＋弱碱Na2CO3（CA=0．6％～1．0％）＋重烷基苯石油磺酸盐（Cs=0．10％～0．15％）＋有机铬（聚：Cr^3＋=120：1～240：1）”，段塞组合方式为“0．025～0．05 PV Cr^3＋聚合物凝胶＋0．12～0．15PV三元复合体系”。  相似文献   

系缆式剖面测量平台的试验及分析   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

李墨  李永军 《海洋技术学报》2008,27(2):1-4

文章围绕测量平台的基本运动能力,介绍了一些平台固有特性的试验和理论分析,明确了这些特性对平台驱动力和阻力的作用,供有关人员参考交流。  相似文献   

Comparison Between Full-Scale and Model Experiments of Oil Fences     

Tae Ho KIM  Duck Jong JANG  Kyong Uk YANG  Sun Chol NA  Dae An KIM 《中国海洋工程》2009,23(4):657-668

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Macroporosity and infiltration in blanket peat: the implications of tension disc infiltrometer measurements   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J. Holden  T. P. Burt  N. J. Cox 《水文研究》2001,15(2):289-303

Little is known about the processes of infiltration and water movement in the upper layers of blanket peat. A tension infiltrometer was used to measure hydraulic conductivity in a blanket peat in the North Pennines, England. Measurements were taken from the surface down to 20 cm in depth for peat under four different vegetation covers. It was found that macropore flow is a significant pathway for water in the upper layers of this soil type. It was also found that peat depth and surface vegetation cover were associated with macroporosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The proportion of macropore flow was found to be greater at 5 cm depth than at 0, 10 and 20 cm depth. Peat beneath a Sphagnum cover tends to be more permeable and a greater proportion of macropore flow can occur beneath this vegetation type. Functional macroporosity and matrix flow in the near‐surface layers of bare peat appear to have been affected by weathering processes. Comparision of results with rainfall records demonstrates that infiltration‐excess overland flow is unlikely to be a common runoff‐generating mechanism on blanket peat; rather, a saturation‐excess mechanism combined with percolation‐excess above much less permeable layers dominates the runoff response. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

长珲高速公路某边坡锚索受力分析及选型          下载免费PDF全文

刘士虎  卢文阁  于万富  徐志超 《探矿工程》2005,32(8):32-34

压力分散型锚索以其合理的受力机理及其在软弱土体中能更有效地发挥土体承载能力的优势取得了在本工程中的优选。主要介绍了该类型锚索的特点、作用机理和张拉程序，同时对工程的施工情况作了简述。  相似文献   

岷江较场台地地震裂缝形成机制及其边坡稳定影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

卫宏  王兰生 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2004,15(4):17-19,24

岷江上游的大、小海子是两个相连的地震滑坡、崩塌堰塞湖。几十年来对湖泊东岸较场镇台地的认识不一，其岸坡稳定问题是利用该天然湖泊建设水电站的关键。通过现场调查与钻探、测试，发现岷江上游的较场台地是一个向岷江凸出的、1万a前形成的湖相沉积台地。1933年，在强烈地震作用下，较场台地发生了强烈裂陷，未发生大规模的滑移，在台地上形成了两组近于垂直的地裂缝。进一步研究表明，这两组地裂缝虽然是在同一诱发因素下，在同一时间、同一地点形成的，但它们的形成机制却不同。一组走向近SN，是在强烈地震作用下，追踪岩体中原有的两组构造节理进一步裂开的产物，可称为地震构造追踪型地裂缝；另一组走向近EW，是顺向边坡中的层状岩体，在地震作用下沿软弱层发生层间滑动，地面被拉开、沉陷而形成的，可称为地震层间滑动型地裂缝。两种类型的地裂缝与层面的空间组合，控制着台地的稳定与演化。特别是当遇到类似1933年那样的地震，甚至由于两种地震地裂缝与层间错动面的存在，不需要那么高强度的地震，就可能诱发大规模的边坡稳定问题。这应该引起天龙湖水电站与213国道等管理部门的重视。  相似文献   

On the Measurement of the Tensile Strength of Soft Rocks   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：8  

A. Coviello  R. Lagioia  R. Nova 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2005,38(4):251-273

Summary. This paper reports on a comparative study of various types of experimental tests for measuring the tensile strength of rocks and rock-like materials. A critical assessment is presented of some widely used laboratory techniques on the basis of experimental data from the literature and from the laboratory investigation performed in this study.Tests were carried out using a triaxial apparatus recently set up at Milan University of Technology. This was designed to reduce random misalignments between specimen and loading frame, which are typical of conventional triaxial cells with external tie bars. The apparatus was then modified to perform various types of tests for determining the tensile strength of materials. An artificial building stone and a natural calcarenite of the Gravina di Puglia geological formation, sampled at Montescaglioso (Matera-Italy) were tested in this research. The experimental investigation included various types of tests, namely the uni-axial, the Brazilian, the ring, the three and four points bending and the Luong test. Specimens of both materials were also compressed to failure in unconfined conditions and loaded cyclically in unconfined tension and compression, Young’s moduli being measured by means of local instrumentation.  相似文献   

Uplift‐restraining Friction Pendulum seismic isolation system     

Panayiotis C. Roussis  Michael C. Constantinou 《地震工程与结构动力学》2006,35(5):577-593

This paper extends the scope of seismic isolation by introducing an innovative uplift‐restraining Friction Pendulum system. Termed the XY‐FP isolator, the new isolation device consists of two orthogonal opposing concave beams interconnected through a sliding mechanism that permits tension to develop in the bearing, thereby preventing uplift. Owing to its distinct configuration, the XY‐FP isolator possesses unique properties for a seismic isolator, including uplift restraint, decoupling of the bi‐directional motion along two orthogonal directions, and capability of providing independent stiffness and energy dissipation along the principal horizontal directions of the bearing. The study concentrates on introducing the concept and establishing the underlying principles of operation of the new XY‐FP isolator, formulating the mathematical model for the XY‐FP isolator, and presenting its mechanical behaviour through a displacement‐control testing program on a single XY‐FP isolator. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

改进型焦利氏秤与传统实验对比研究     

饶黄云  刘传安  潘小青 《华东地质学院学报》2006,29(2):197-200

针对高校教材《普通物理实验》中液体表面张力系数的测定实验存在的一些问题,进行了认真分析,指出传统实验前后所测量的一些物理量不是等精度测量,因而有必要对实验原理和公式进行修正。改进型焦利氏秤,在载物台下装有测量机构,实验测量方法有所改变,实验思路更加明确,并经实验比对,使用改进型焦利氏秤做此实验,不仅操作和计算简便,而且所得结果更接近公论值,取得了良好的效果。  相似文献   

Relationships between volcanic patterns and neotectonics in Eastern Anatolia from analysis of satellite images and DEM     

. Ad&#x;yaman  J. Chorowicz  O. Kse 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1998,85(1-4)

The late Neogene to Quaternary volcanism in Eastern Anatolia is related to the Arabia–Eurasia convergence but a clear deformation pattern has not yet been established in this region. We have used the distribution and shape of volcanoes and fault geometry as indicators of the tectonic regime. Volcanic edifices and related faults were analyzed in vertical view using SAR–ERS, Spot images and a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). In several places, adjacent volcanoes that form linear clusters or elongated volcanoes are clearly rooted on vertical tension fractures. These are compatible with horizontal σ₃ striking 90°N, associated with σ₁ horizontal (strike-slip regime) or vertical (extensional regime). We mapped the recent faults that are directly associated to volcanoes. Volcanic vents are related to tail-crack, horsetail or releasing bend structures. In this work, it has been possible to define the ESE-striking, 270-km-long Tutak–Hamur–Çaldiran fault that forms a releasing bend testifying to right-lateral motion. Extension is well documented for few places but no recent fold has been observed. Since 8 Ma, the tectonic system is principally strike-slip. Most of the tension fractures being 2 to 10 km in length, so we infer that they affect only part of the crust. Most strike-slip fault zones are of several tens to a few hundred kilometers long and thus not of lithospheric scale. Therefore, the channels used by the magma to reach the surface are crustal structures.  相似文献