Three-dimensional interface modelling with two-dimensional seismic data: the Alpine crust–mantle boundary     

F. Waldhauser  E. Kissling  J. Ansorge  & St. Mueller 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,135(1):264-278

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Urban planning construction land standard and its revision based on climate and topography in China     

XU Yong  ZHAO Shen  FAN Jie 《地理学报(英文版)》2021,31(4):603-620

Urban planning construction land standard is the technical specification for scientifically allocating various types of urban construction land, and it is the basis for drawing up and revising the overall urban planning scheme. Considering China's current urban planning construction land standard, many problems exist, such as the gap in the land use control threshold, the lack of regional differences in the climate revision, and failing to consider the topographic factors. To resolve these problems, this study proposed a step-by-step process framework and quantitative calculation method for the establishment and revision of standards in accordance with the principle of Total-Structure control. By setting the conditions, a universal basic standard for construction land was established. Quantitative analysis was then conducted on the relationship between the basic standard and the selected key indicators, such as urban population size, sunshine spacing coefficient, the width of river valleys or inter-montane basins, and terrain slope, among others. Finally, revised standards were formed for climate conditions, topography, and geomorphologic conditions, which were matched with the basic standards. The key results are three-fold:(1) The per capita construction land standard of 95 m~2/person can be used as the total indicator of China's urban planning basic standard, and the corresponding per capita single construction land comprises 32.50% of residential land, 7.42% of public management and public service land, 22.50% of industrial land, 17.50% of transportation facilities, 12.50% of green space, and 7.58% of other land-use types. The results of the revision of the urban population size indicate that the difference in population size has little effect on the total amount of per capita construction land.(2) The climate revision results of per capita residential land and per capita construction land in major cities reveal that the revised climate value varies greatly between north and south China. The revised climate values of the per capita area of construction land vary by latitude as follows: the value at 20°N is 93 m~2/person, the value at 30°N is 97 m~2/person, the value at 40°N is 103 m~2/person, and the value at 50°N is 115 m~2/person. The basic standard land value of 95 m~2/person is generally distributed across the Xiamen-Guilin-Kunming line.(3) The cities located in mountainous areas, hilly valleys, or inter-montane basins can reduce the allocation of community parks and comprehensive parks when the average width of an existing river valley or inter-montane basin is less than 2 km. When the average width of the valley or inter-montane basin is between 2 km to 4 km, the allocation of the comprehensive parks can be reduced. The revised results of per capita sloping construction land reveal that the terrain slope greatly affects the revised value of per capita construction land. Specifically, the revised value at 3° is 3.68% higher than the basic standard value, and the increase rates at 8°, 15°, and 25° are 11.25%, 26.49%, and 68.47%, respectively.  相似文献   

基于栅格的安徽省人口－经济耦合关联及地形梯度差异   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何莎莎  方斌 《热带地理》2021,41(2):351-363

基于2018年的人口数据和经济数据,采用土地利用影响模型对社会经济指标空间化,探讨安徽省人口－经济空间关系对地形的响应。结果表明：1）空间化模型预测的人口和经济密度能够反映实际状况,并将人口－经济空间关系划分为超前型、滞后型和协调型3种类型。皖南山区以滞后型为主,经济集聚滞后于人口集聚;皖北地区以协调型为主,人口和经济发展处于平衡状态;皖中地区以超前型为主,经济集聚大于人口集聚;2）随着地形因子的变化,地形对人口的影响强于经济。海拔＞100 m,坡度＞6°,地形起伏度＞50 m的区域,属于经济集聚滞后于人口集聚的重点关注区域,主要分布在金寨县、霍山县、岳西县和太湖县等大别山核心区和池州市、黄山市和宣城市境内等皖南山区;3）人口－经济空间关系与地形有一定的空间相关性。总体上,随着海拔升高、坡度和地形起伏度增大,超前型面积占比越来越低,滞后型面积占比越来越高,协调型面积占比基本处于稳定。这可能是由于高低起伏的地表特征不仅对农业机械化产生显著的阻隔效应,使第一产业发展受限,且对基础设施建设、招商引资和产业布局有显著影响,弱化了地区经济优势。  相似文献   

埕岛油田海区海底地形变化及预防措施   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

仲德林  刘建立 《海岸工程》2001,20(3):14-18

综合在胜利石油管理局埕岛油田海区多年来工程测绘与地质勘察资料 ,对埕岛油田海区地形地貌特征及其变化与发育趋势进行了论述 ,同时讨论了埕岛油田海上工程中需要重视的问题以及有关的工程防护问题。  相似文献   

厦门岛东海岸的蚀退与防护   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

高智勇  蔡锋  和转  苏贤泽 《台湾海峡》2001,20(4):478-483

根据波浪输沙和地形对比，对厦门岛东部海岸的岸滩侵蚀动态及演变趋势进行探讨，并根据其海岸特点提出相应的防护对策。  相似文献   

弱地形上内潮生成问题——Ⅱ.粗糙地形情况下水深对内潮能通量的影响     

戴德君  乔方利  袁业立 《海洋科学进展》2007,25(3):247-256

前人在讨论水深对内潮能通量影响的时候得出结论:有限深海洋中海面对内潮的反射使得正压潮向内潮的能量转化相比较无限深海的情况显著降低,对于选定的地形,在无限深海假定下得到的能通量是该地形上内潮能通量的上限。鉴于前人所研究的基本上都是平滑的地形,而实际的海洋地形总是比较粗糙的,本文探讨了粗糙地形上内潮能通量随水深的变化。选取了弦函数地形、随机白噪声地形、弦函数地形叠加在高斯地形之上、随机白噪声地形叠加在高斯地形之上和随机白噪声地形与弦函数地形同时叠加在高斯地形之上5种情况进行了研究,发现对于这5种情况,都存在海洋有限深时的能通量大于无限深假定时的能通量,这说明前人得出的"有限深海洋中海面对内潮的反射使得正压潮向内潮的能量转化相比较无限深海的情况显著降低"的结论对于粗糙地形并不适用。  相似文献   

特定环境下水下地形和碍航物的复合探测     

董希贵  黄东武 《海洋测绘》2004,24(2):32-36

对水下地形、碍航物的搜寻方式已由过去的单一设备探测向多种设备复合探测转变。介绍了多种复合探测的基本方法和特点。通过沉船、飞机残骸和航道扫测实例，证明复合探测可大幅度增强水下地形测量结论和水下失落物搜寻判别的真实性、可靠性，同时缩短了搜寻时问，提高了工作效率。  相似文献   

Influence of Current Width Variation on the Annual Mean Transport of the East Sakhalin Current: A Simple Model     

Yoichi?ShimadaEmail author  Atsushi?Kubokawa  Kay?I.?Ohshima 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(5):913-920

Recent observations suggest that the annual mean southward transport of the East Sakhalin Current (ESC) is significantly larger than the annual mean Sverdrup transport. Motivated by this observational result, transport of a western boundary current has been investigated using a simple numerical model with a western slope. This transport is defined as the instantaneous barotropic transport integrated from the western boundary to the offshore point where the barotropic velocity vanishes. The model, forced by seasonally varying wind stress, exhibits an annual mean of the western boundary current transport that is larger than that of the Sverdrup transport, as observed. The southward transport from October to March in the model nearly equals the instantaneous Sverdrup transport, while the southward transport from April to September decreases slowly. Although the Sverdrup transport in July vanishes, the southward transport in summer nearly maintains the annual mean Sverdrup transport, because the barotropic Rossby wave cannot intrude on the western slope. This summer transport causes the larger annual mean. Although there are some uncertainties in the estimation of the Sverdrup transport in the Sea of Okhotsk, the seasonal variation of the southward transport in the model is qualitatively similar to the observations.  相似文献   

Seafloor topography and landform characteristics of Zengmu Shoal waters and their evolvement     

ZHAN Wenhuan  TANG Cheng  ZHANG Yixiang  WANG Ping  ZHANG Yechun  ZHAO Junfeng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2004,23(1):159-168

The topography data of the Zengmu Shoal and its adjacent area are acquired by the SeaBat-8111 multibeam system.The full survey covering over the Zengmu Shoal area gives us new knowledge about the area. It is a flat underwater platform consisting ofcoral reefs, its fathom line is like a trap in near SN direction and its shape is like an isosceles triangle with the acute angle pointing to the north. The east and west sides ofthe shoal are steep while its south side is more gentle. As viewed from geological evolution, the Zengmu Shoal is a typical biologic coral landform caused by tectonic uplift.  相似文献   

中尺度地形扰动的非线性问题半解析解     

陈显尧  巢纪平 《海洋科学进展》2003,21(4):369-376

将大气和海洋中f-平面上中尺度地形的扰动问题统一起来作为一个地球物理流体力学问题，应用涡度、能量和经圈动量守恒条件，将原来高度非线性方程变成一个二阶椭园型非线性方程，用数值模拟方法分析了大气中的过山运动和海洋中的沿岸上升流，给出了与观测接近的模拟结果以及运动过程对内部物理参数和外界条件的敏感性分析。所提方法可供进一步的动力学分析和数值研究参考。  相似文献