北半球定常波输送西风动量的气候态及其年变化     

王林  陈文  黄荣辉 《大气科学》2007,31(3):377-388

利用高分辨率的再分析资料ERA40，分析了纬向平均状态下北半球不同尺度的定常波对西风动量沿经向输送的气候态及其年变化。结果表明，对流层中定常波对西风动量输送最强的区域位于中纬度对流层的中上层，定常波在该区域长年向北输送纬向动量，且输送中心随季节有南北移动和强弱变化。此外，在高纬度地区的对流层中上层以及赤道对流层顶附近还有两个相对较弱的输送中心。前者对西风动量的输送长年向南，其垂直范围从对流层低层一直伸展到平流层下层，中心位置相对固定，强度有明显的季节变化。后者位置也相对固定，但输送方向随季节改变。平流层中定常波对西风动量的输送主要位于中高纬度的平流层中上层，定常波在该区域长年向北输送西风动量，中心位置非常稳定，而强度则随季节变化明显。行星尺度定常波的输送作用与总波动的输送作用非常一致，并在很大程度上决定了波动对动量输送强度的季节变化。天气尺度定常波和10波以上的短波的输送作用主要集中在中纬度对流层的中高层。前者与行星尺度定常波共同决定了该区域内的输送强度，并主导了输送中心的南北移动；后者的作用很小，除夏季外均可以忽略。作者给出的不同尺度定常波对西风动量输送的气候态分布不但可以作为日后研究其年际变化的基础，而且还可以为大气环流模式对大气环流模拟能力的评估提供重要的参考。  相似文献   

THE EFFECT OF WARM POOL THERMAL STATES ON TROPICAL CYCLONES IN THE WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC     

陈光华  黄荣辉 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2007,13(1):53-56

The influence of thermal states in the warm pool on tropical cyclones (TCs) in the western North Pacific (WNP) is investigated. There are fewer typhoons during warm years of the warm pool in which tropical storms tend to form in the northwest quadrant and move westward. Inversely, typhoons tend to recurve northeastward to the southeast of Japan and increase in number in the southeast quadrant during cold years. Based on composite analyses, circulation-induced dynamic factors rather than thermal factors are identified as being responsible for TCs activities. During the warm state, the monsoon trough retreats westwards, which leads to anomalous vorticity in low-level and divergence in high-level in the western part of west Pacific. Above-normal TCs activity is found in this area. Furthermore, wind anomalies at 500 hPa determine the main track types. On the contrary, when the warm pool is in cold state, the atmospheric circulation is responsible for the formation of more TCs in the southeast quadrant and recurving track.  相似文献   

我国长江、黄河两流域旱涝规律成因与预测研究的进展、成果与问题   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

叶笃正  黄荣辉 《地球科学进展》1991,6(4):24-29

The advances obtained by the project "Investigation on Laws, Causes and Predictions of Droughts And Floods In The Yellow River valley And The Yangtze River valley of China" for this three years are reviewed in this paper. The laws of decadal scale, interannual and Intraseasonal variations and circulation conditions of droughts and floods in these two valleys are analysed in detail. Moreover, the preliminary views of the causes of droughts and floods in these two valleys are put forward. The investigations of the project have pointed out that the thermal state in the western Pacific warm pool and the connective activities over the warm pool and the connective activities over the Tibetan Plateau may be siganificant causes of droughts and floods caused in these two valleys. Besides, the numerical simulation of occurance and circulation condition of droughts and floods resulted in these two valleys and their prediction experiments have been made by using the atmospheric general circulation model.
In this paper, the problems in research of the project are also analysed so that to obtain the investigated results in more higher level.  相似文献   

大气科学研究的一个前沿领域——气候系统动力学与气候预测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄荣辉  徐飞亚 《地球科学进展》1996,11(3):231-237

从气候环境的变化及其对工农业和人类生活的影响论述了气候系统动力学和气候预测研究在地球科学中的地位和作用，指出气候动力学与气候变化预测是当今大气科学的一个重要前沿研究领域；并从气候系统及其各子系统的相互作用论述了气候系统动力与气候预测的研究对象和主要研究内容；此外，还从当今气候和环境科学发展的趋势和特点指出气候动力学研究应采取的研究路径与方法。  相似文献   

用线性化全球原始方程谱模式研究地形强迫行星波垂直传播特征   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

黄荣辉  严邦良 《大气科学》1993,17(3):257-267

本文用线性化全球原始方程谱模式来研究地形强迫行星波的垂直传播过程及演变特征.模式的积分结果表明:行星波的能量沿两支波导进行传播,在波从对流层向平流层传播中,极地波导起着主要作用.由于重力波破碎的阻尼作用,地形强迫的行星波无论它的波作用量或振幅都呈现振荡状态.  相似文献   

极地环流型的稳定性     

黄荣辉 《黑龙江气象》1994,(3):21-22

分析了极地环流与东北地区天气的关系，得出极地环流的季节特征、逐日变化和年际变化。  相似文献   

综合长期预报方法及对旱涝季度与超季度预报试验   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

黄荣辉  杨广基  吴仪芳 《大气科学》1990,14(1):26-31

本文简要地介绍我们在对旱涝规律与成因研究的基础上所提出的综合长期预报方法,这种方法是由一个描述准定常行星波异常的动力机制模式、相关分析、环流型、时间序列与回归分析等的综合。经过多年的预报实践,证明它是提高旱涝超季度预报准确率的一种可行方法。  相似文献   

ENSO及热带海-气相互作用动力学研究的新进展   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16  

黄荣辉 《大气科学》1990,14(2):234-242

本文回顾了最近几年关于ENSO事件及热带海-气相互作用动力学方面研究的最新成就及新发现的观测事实,还指出热带西太平洋海-气相互作用对北半球大气环流异常的作用。  相似文献   

关于气候灾害及其成因与预测的研究     

黄荣辉 《地球科学进展》1990,5(5):59-63

综述了气候灾害及其对农业生产的影响、气候灾害的时空特征与成因、以及作者近年来对气候灾害预测方法的研究与试验工作,并且对今后关于气候灾害研究的方向与重点提出了一些看法和建议。  相似文献   

NUMERICAL SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS BY NESTING HYDROLOGY MODEL DHSVM WITH REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL RegCM2/CHINA     

王守荣  黄荣辉  丁一汇  L.R.LEUNG  M.S.WIGMOSTA  L.W.VAIL 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2002,(4)

Based on improvement of a distributed hydrology-soil-vegetation model (DHSVM for short)and its application to North China,a nested regional climatic-hydrologic model system is developedby connecting DHSVM with RegCM2/China.The simulated climate scenarios,including controland 2×CO_2 outputs,are downscaled to 8 stations in Luanhe River and Sanggan River Basins todrive the hydrology model.According to simulation results,under double CO_2 scenarios,annualmean temperature and evapotranspiration will increase 2.8C and 29 mm,respectively;precipitation also increase but with different value for each basin,6 mm for Luanhe River Basinwhile 46 mm for Sanggan River Basin;runoff change for the two basins is different too,27 mmdecrease for Luanhe River Basin while 26 mm increase for Sanggan River Basin.As a result,therunoff in future for Luanhe River Basin and Sanggan River Basin will be 74 mm and 71 mm,respectively,which is approximately a quarter of annual mean runoff(284 mm)of the wholecountry.Total streamflow for the two basins will decrease about 2.5×10~8m~3.All these indicatethat the warm and dry trend will continue in the two river basins under double CO_2 scenarios.Thenested model system,with both climatic and hydrologic prediction ability,could also be applied toother basins in China by parameter adjustment.  相似文献