Spatial distribution and temporal trends in potential evapotranspiration over Hengduan Mountains region from 1960 to 2009     

ZHU Guofeng  HE Yuanqing  PU Tao  WANG Xufeng  JIA Wenxiong  LI Zongxing  XIN Huijuan 《地理学报》2012,22(1):71-85

Based on the meteorological data of 20 stations in the Hengduan Mountains region during 1961-2009, the annual and seasonal variation of potential evapotranspiration was analyzed in combination with the Penman-Monteith model. With the method of Spline interpolation under ArcGIS, the spatial distribution of potential evapotranspiration was presented to research the regional difference, and the correlation analysis was used to discuss the dominant factor affecting the potential evapotranspiration. The results indicated that the annual potential evapotranspiration showed a decreasing tendency since the 1960s, especially from the 1980s to 1990s, while it showed an increasing tendency since 2000. Regional potential evapotranspiration showed a rate of -0.17 mm a-1. Potential evapotranspiration in north, middle and south of the Hengduan Mountains exhibited decreasing trends over the studied period, and its regional trend was on the decline from southwest to northeast.  相似文献   

山系的形成与板块构造碰撞无关   总被引：15，自引：3，他引：15  

白文吉  杨经绥 《地质论评》1993,39(2):110-117

本文根据对中国重要蛇绿岩带的观察,并参考大量国内外文献,对板块构造学说的造山模式提出了否定意见,认为古老山系和现代山系的形成都与板块构造碰撞无关,并提出大陆内部山系形成与盆地形成研究的必要性。  相似文献   

胶东型金矿床控矿构造及成矿模式     

宋明春  丁正江  刘向东  李世勇  李健  董磊磊  魏绪峰  鲍中义  王斌  张琪彬  张亮亮  刘洪波  贺春艳 《地质学报》2022,96(5):1774-1802

胶东型金矿床受断裂构造控制，断裂控矿规律一直是地质勘查和研究的重点问题。为深入研究断裂对金成矿的控制作用，本文基于大量矿床勘查和地质调查资料，通过对典型断裂剖面和断裂与矿体空间关系的构造解析，判断了成矿期断裂的性质和应力状态，讨论了断裂产状变化的控矿机理，提出了胶东型金矿新的构造成矿模式。将胶东主要控矿断裂分为Ⅰ级缓倾角断裂、Ⅱ级陡倾角断裂和Ⅲ级陡倾角张裂脉，三者分别控制了破碎带蚀变岩型、复合类型和石英脉型金矿床。金矿体主要赋存于断裂产状转折部位，蚀变岩型矿体赋存于断裂的倾角变缓部位，石英脉型矿体赋存于断裂倾角变陡部位。缓倾角断裂控制的矿体具有总体侧伏角小、富矿柱侧伏角大的“双向”侧伏特征。矿体产状与断裂产状的关系指示，三山岛、焦家和招平三条控矿断裂成矿期均属右行正滑或右行张扭性，金牛山断裂具有左行正滑特征。根据金矿体产状分析的胶西北金成矿小区区域构造应力场σ1为294°∠82°和269°∠78°，焦家断裂的σ1为300°∠67°、311°∠78°和321°∠81°，招平断裂北段σ1为130°∠65°和138°∠69°，反映了胶西北玲珑花岗岩体分布区域总体以垂向主压应力为主，其东、西两侧的边界断裂处的主压应力方位分别沿SE向和NW向指向岩体，成矿期断裂处于NW—SE向拉张状态。胶东东部邓格庄金矿田的σ1为287°∠0°，以水平主压应力为主。综合分析认为，产状变化的具张扭性质的断裂是金的有利赋矿构造，断裂的产状变化对金矿体具有明显的控制作用，断裂结构和流体性状的变化是金矿阶梯成矿的关键因素，断裂沿走向和倾向的产状转折联合控制了金矿体的侧伏。胶东地区早白垩世深部大量岩浆岩快速侵位，导致地壳强烈隆升产生伸展构造，来自不同深度和层次岩浆房及不同源区的岩浆梯次上侵，为深部含金流体活化、迁移提供了热动力条件和流动通道，含金流体到达地壳浅部在断裂产状变化的减压扩容空间卸载成矿。  相似文献   

海水石油类物质吸收系数遥感化提取算法研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄妙芬  邢旭峰  宋庆君  刘扬  董文彤 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(11):97-104

Establishing the remote sensing algorithm of retrieving the absorption coefficient of seawater petroleum substances is an efficient way to improve the accuracy of retrieving a seawater petroleum concentration using a remote sensing technology. A remote sensing reflectance is a basic physical parameter in water color remote sensing. Apply it to directly retrieve the absorption coefficient of seawater petroleum substances is of potential advantage. The absorption coefficient of waters containing petroleum [ACWCP, a_o(λ)], consists of the absorption coefficient of pure water [ACPW, a_w(λ)], plankton [ACP, a_(ph)(λ)], colored scraps [ACCS, a_(d,g)(λ)], and petroleum substance [ACPS, a_(oil)(λ)]. Among those, ACCS consists of the absorption coefficient of nonalgal particle [ACNP, a_d(λ)] and colored dissolved organic matter [ACCDOM, a_g(λ)]. For waters containing petroleum, the retrieved ACCS using the existing method is a combination absorption coefficient of ACNP,ACCDOM and ACPA [CAC, a_(d,g,oil)(λ)]. Therefore, the principle question is how to extract ACPS from CAC.Through the analysis of the three proportion tests conducted between the year of 2013 and 2015 and the corresponding remote sensing data, an algorithm of retrieving the absorption coefficient of petroleum substances is proposed based on remote sensing reflectance. First of all, ACPS and CAC are retrieved from the reflectance using the quasi-analytical algorithm(QAA), with some parameter modified. Secondly, given the fact that the backscatter coefficient [BC, b_(bp)(555)] of total particles at 555 nm can be obtained completely from the reflectance, the relation between BC and ACNP in petroleum contaminated water can be established. As a result, ACNP can be calculated. Then, combining the remote sensing retrieving algorithm of a_g(440), the method of achieving the spectral slope of the absorption coefficient can be established, from which ACCDOM,can be calculated. Finally, ACPS can be computed as the residual. The accuracy of ACPS based on this algorithm is 86% compared with the in situ measurements.  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal changes of land desertification sensitivity in northwest China from 2000 to 2017     

Wei  Wei  Guo  Zecheng  Shi  Peiji  Zhou  Liang  Wang  Xufeng  Li  Zhenya  Pang  Sufei  Xie  Binbin 《地理学报(英文版)》2021,31(1):46-68

Sensitivity assessment is useful for monitoring land desertification.Research into how to prevent and control desertification is also important.In the arid region of northwest China,desertification is becoming worse and is a serious problem that affects local sustain-able development.Based on remote-sensing and geographic information system technology,this study establishes a"soil-terrain-hydrology-climate-vegetation"desertification sensitivity comprehensive evaluation system to reflect the spatiotemporal changes of land desertifica-tion,and proposes a spatial distance model to calculate a desertification sensitivity index.The spatiotemporal change characteristics of land desertification sensitivity in northwest China are quantitatively assessed from 2000 to 2017.Moreover,the main driving factors are ana-lyzed using the geographical detector method.The results show the following.(1)Terrain,soil,climate,vegetation and hydrology affect and restrict each other,and constitute the back-ground conditions of the distributions and changes of sensitivity to desertification in northwest China.(2)Desertification sensitivity generally displays a low distribution characteristic on the periphery of the area and a high one in the interior.The low-sensitivity regions are mainly in the five major mountain ranges(Altai Mountains,Tianshan Mountains,Kunlun Mountains,Altun Mountains and Qilian Mountains),while the high-sensitivity regions are mainly in re-gions such as the Junggar Basin,the Tarim Basin and the Inner Mongolia Plateau,as well as the Taklimakan Desert,Badain Jaran Desert and Tengger Desert.The spatial distribution of desertification sensitivity is obviously regional,and the high-and low-sensitivity regions have clear boundaries and a concentrated distribution.(3)With regard to spatiotemporal evolution,changes in desertification sensitivity since 2000 have been predominantly stable,and the overall sensitivity has displayed a slowly decreasing trend,indicating that potential desertifi-cation regions are decreasing annually and that some achievements have been made in the control of regional desertification. (4) Soil and climate play a direct role in the driving factors of desertification in northwest China, and these have been found to be the most important in-fluential factors. Vegetation is the most active and basic factor in changing the sensitivity. In addition, topography and hydrology play a role in restricting desertification changes. So-cio-economic factors are the most rapid factors affecting regional desertification sensitivity,and their impacts tend to be gradually increasing. In general, desertification has been effec-tively controlled in northwest China, and positive results have been achieved in such control.However, against the backdrop of intensified global climate change, increasingly prominent human activities and new normals of socio-economic development, the monitoring, assess-ment and control of desertification in China still have a long way to go.  相似文献   

湖南省桑植地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气成藏条件分析     

张成龙  牛雪  金晓琳  牛兆轩  李旭峰  胡丽莎 《中国地质调查》2022,9(3):1-10

桑植地区发育了牛蹄塘组海相黑色页岩,前人对该区古生界下寒武统页岩气成藏条件研究相对较少。在文献调研的基础上,结合野外实地勘查和试验分析,对桑植下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩储层地质要素和成藏条件进行研究,以期为该区页岩气下一步勘探开发提供借鉴与参考。结果表明: 沉积环境方面,桑植牛蹄塘组页岩沉积相类型为陆棚相和斜坡相,埋深条件好,厚度大; 有机地化特征方面,有机质丰度在2%以上,干酪根类型主要为Ⅱ₁型,少见Ⅰ型,有机质成熟度3.5%,为较好烃源岩; 有机质演化与黏土矿物成岩阶段有较好的对应关系,其成岩矿物转化阶段与有机质生油、生气门限基本一致,源岩处于大量生成干气和裂解气阶段; 储集条件方面,孔隙度为9%,发育了原生孔、次生孔、矿物质孔及天然裂缝、构造裂缝,为页岩气富集提供了空间; 脆性矿物含量高,易造缝造储。整体而言,牛蹄塘组页岩为优质页岩,页岩气的成藏条件为较好—好,其勘探、开发潜力较大。  相似文献   

高分遥感数据在胶东水道地区金成矿远景区圈定中的应用研究     

邹键  唐文龙  王凤华  胡峰  薄军委  王志新  刘治  魏绪峰  李勇 《地质论评》2022,68(6):2336-2348

近年来遥感技术在分辨率、蚀变信息提取和覆盖能力方面有了大幅提升,已成功应用于国内外自然资源调查领域,并取得了不错的效果,遥感解译正成为地质调查工作中不可或缺的一种工作手段。水道地区位于华北克拉通东南缘与苏鲁造山带东北缘的衔接部位,是胶东牟平—乳山金矿带的核心地段,金矿资源丰富,目前运用遥感解译及信息提取技术开展该区的地质找矿工作较为薄弱。笔者等利用ENVI53遥感图像处理与分析软件对ASTER(先进星载热辐射与反射辐射计, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer)、GF- 1共9景遥感数据进行处理,使制作的图像信息逼真、线性构造明显,共解译线性构造929条、环形构造89个、韧性剪切带15条,其中北北东向断裂、环形构造和韧性剪切带边缘地段是金矿床产出的有利部位;基于ASTER数据采用“去干扰异常主分量门限技术”进行主成分分析,提取了铝、镁羟基和铁染异常信息,圈定异常浓集区36处,金矿床产出位置一般发育较强铝、镁羟基（Al—OH、Mg—OH)异常;结合区域金矿成矿规律开展了成矿预测,圈定金成矿远景区12处,经野外查证,新发现金矿点2处。遥感技术可为区域矿产地质调查提供强有力的技术支撑。  相似文献   

招平断裂带南段山旺矿区金矿地质特征及成矿远景          下载免费PDF全文

林少一  孙亮亮  魏绪峰  郭洪军  蒋雷  隋来伦 《山东国土资源》2017,33(2)

招平断裂带是胶东地区最重要的金成矿带之一,通过近几年的勘查,其中段和北段陆续发现数个大型、超大型金矿床,而南段勘查活动较少,有找矿突破的矿区更是屈指可数。位于招平断裂带最南端的山旺矿区在山东省地质六队的勘查下取得新进展,探获金矿资源量规模达到中型,探矿深度达到1 342 m,矿体最大埋深接近1 000 m。矿体主要分布于断裂带下盘,呈似层状、脉状产出,矿化类型中浅部以石英脉型为主,深部渐变为蚀变岩型。该文阐述矿床地质特征,总结成矿因素,分析成矿远景,为下一步在招平断裂带南段研究和勘查提供参考。  相似文献   

中国典型季风海洋性冰川区雪坑中主要阴、阳离子的来源研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李宗省  何元庆  庞洪喜  杨小梅  贾文雄  张宁宁  王旭峰  宁宝英  院玲玲  宋波 《地理学报(英文版)》2008,18(1):115-125

Snowpacks samples were colleted from two glaciers： Baishui No.1 glacier and Hailuogou No.1 glacier in June, 2006. The method of sea-salt ions tracer, correlation analysis and trend analysis were used in this research in order to confirm the source of main ions, it is indicated that Na^＋ is mainly from marine moisture and other ions mainly originate from land dust. The non-marine source percent of Cl^-, NO3^- , SO4^2-, K^＋, Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ is 52%, 99%, 100%, 98%, 99.9% and 83%, respectively, in Hailuogou No.1 glacier, while the corresponding value in Baishui No.1 glacier is 68%, 99%, 100%, 98%, 99% and 59%. The non-marine source of ions is from dust of Central Asia arid regions carried by westerly circulation and the plateau borne-areas with Qinghai-Tibet Plateau winter monsoon in two glacial areas. However, the import of local dust in glacial area has made a great contribution to ions concentration in Baishui No.1 glacier, which accounts for the reason why the ions concentration in Baishui No.1 glacier is much higher than that of Hailuogou No.1 glacier. It is obvious that the source of each ion is different between Hailuogou No.1 glacier and Baishui No.1 glacier. There are three reasons which can explain it： firstly, the difference in the internal environment of glacial area, such as lithology, mountain-valley wind system, topographical relief and so on; secondly, the influence exerted by ions elution in snowpacks section, and ions elution in Hailuogou No.1 glacier is very strong; and thirdly, the difference caused due to varying ions transporting styles, deposition modes, chemical characteristics and post-ions-deposition process.  相似文献   

安徽蒙城西贾庄铁金多金属矿金的赋存状态     

卜香萍  黄博  徐旭峰 《江苏地质》2019,43(1):81-85

安徽蒙城西贾庄铁金多金属矿床是蚌埠隆起地区新发现的一个重要矿床。在矿相学观察和研究的基础上,开展了矿石的电子探针分析(EPMA),以查明矿石中金的赋存状态。研究结果表明,金矿赋存状态既有可见的显微自然金,也有的以不可见金的形态赋存于黄铁矿、毒砂和黄铜矿中。研究成果为矿床成因、成矿物质来源等研究提供了重要依据  相似文献