Origin of two contrasting latest Permian–Triassic volcanic rock suites in the northern North China Craton: implications for early Mesozoic lithosphere thinning     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(13):1630-1657

New geological, geochronological, and geochemical results on volcanic rocks and cobbles from early Mesozoic sedimentary rocks identify two contrasting latest Permian–Triassic volcanic rock suites in the northern North China Craton (NCC). The early rock suite erupted during the latest Permian–Early Triassic at ca. 255–245 Ma and was probably widely distributed in the northern NCC prior to the Early Jurassic. It comprises rhyolitic welded tuff, rhyolite, and tuffaceous sandstone and is characterized by high contents of SiO₂ and K₂O, moderate initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, low negative ε_Nd(t) and ε_Hf(t) values, and old Nd-Hf isotopic model ages. It was likely produced by fractional crystallization of lower crustal-derived magmas due to underplating by lithospheric mantle-derived magmas near the crust–mantle boundary in syncollisional to post-collisional/post-orogenic tectonic settings. The late rock suite, erupted during the Middle–Late Triassic at ca. 238–228 Ma, displays adakitic geochemical signatures and consists of intermediate volcanic rocks such as andesite, trachyandesite, and autoclastic trachyandesite breccia, with minor felsic rocks. This suite is characterized by high Al₂O₃, MgO, Sr, Ba, Cr, V, and Ni concentrations; high Mg# values; low Y and Yb concentrations and high Sr/Y ratios; low initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr; high negative ε_Nd(t) and ε_Hf(t) values; and young Nd-Hf isotopic model ages. The younger suite was generated by mixing of magmas derived from melting of upwelling asthenosphere, with melts of ancient lower crust induced by underplating of basaltic magmas in an intraplate extensional setting. Strong upwelling of asthenospheric mantle and significant involvement of the asthenospheric mantle materials indicate that the lithospheric mantle beneath the northern NCC was partially delaminated during Middle–Late Triassic time, representing the initial destruction and lithospheric thinning of the northern NCC. Lithospheric thinning and delamination are likely the most important reasons for the Triassic tectonic transition and change of magmatism and deformation patterns in the northern NCC.  相似文献   

Late Cretaceous tectono-magmatic activity in the Nize region,central Tibet: evidence for lithospheric delamination beneath the Qiangtang–Lhasa collision zone     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(5):562-583

ABSTRACT

The results of zircon U–Pb age dating and whole-rock geochemistry for the Late Cretaceous Nize granodiorite porphyries, combined with analysis of near-coeval structural deformation of the Lower Cretaceous Langshan Formation, provide new data to better understand the tectonic evolution of the northern Lhasa subterrane, central Tibet. Zircon U–Pb ages of 89.2 ± 0.3 Ma to 87.8 ± 0.3 Ma indicate emplacement during the Late Cretaceous. Granodiorite porphyry intrusions were contemporaneous with the development of a regional angular unconformity, overlain by the Upper Cretaceous Jingzhushan (or Abushan) Formation, within the collision zone between the South Qiangtang and Lhasa terranes. Geochemical data for Nize granodiorite porphyries indicate that they have a calc-alkaline composition enriched in large-ion lithophile elements and light rare earth elements and depleted in high-field-strength elements and heavy rare earth elements. High Al₂O₃ and Sr contents, low Yb and Y contents, and high Sr/Y ratios are similar to adakitic magmas.

Structural analysis indicates two stages of deformation (D₁ and D₂), with D₁ forming the focus of the present study. The D₁ deformation is represented by large-scale faults and records two periods of faulting. These periods are recognized as early compressional thrust faulting and a dominant late stage characterized by normal faulting and extension, with the latter stages of D₁ being near-coeval with the emplacement of the Nize granodiorite porphyries. The combination of zircon ages, geochemical data, and structural analysis indicates that the Nize granodiorite porphyries formed after collision of the South Qiangtang and Lhasa terranes. Adakitic magma derived from partial melting of the thickened lower or middle crust resulted from lithospheric delamination that may have been promoted by the convective removal of deeper lithospheric mantle.  相似文献   

Late Cretaceous magmatic activity in the southern Lhasa terrane: insights from the Dazhuqu hornblende gabbro and the Xietongmen granite porphyry     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(13):1642-1665

ABSTRACT

The mechanisms triggering the emplacement of Cretaceous magmatic rocks related to Neo-Tethyan subduction in the southern Lhasa subterrane (SLT) remain controversial because geochronological, geochemical, and isotopic data from the Cretaceous magmatic rocks in the western portion of the SLT are lacking. This paper provides the first report indicating that the Dazhuqu hornblende gabbro and Xietongmen granite porphyry were generated in the Late Cretaceous (ca. 100 Ma and ca. 68 Ma, respectively) in the western portion of the SLT. The Dazhuqu hornblende gabbro is characterized by high MgO, Na₂O, Cr, Co, and Mg^# values, enrichment in light rare earth elements (LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements (LILEs), and depletion in high field strength elements with no Eu anomalies. The Xietongmen granite porphyry displays high SiO₂, low MgO, Mg^#, Cr, Co, and Ni, enrichment in LREEs and LILEs, flat heavy rare earth element (HREE) patterns and negative Eu anomalies. Zircons from the Dazhuqu hornblende gabbro and Xietongmen granite porphyry display high positive ε_Hf(t) ranges from 11.79 to 14.91 and from 9.05 to 12.38, respectively. The Dazhuqu hornblende gabbro was produced by the partial melting of 12–15% garnet peridotite in the depleted mantle that was metasomatized by fluids released from the dehydrating subducted Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab. This magma was then emplaced at an upper crustal depth of 5.3–7.0 km. The Xietongmen granite porphyry was generated by the partial melting of underplated basaltic crust during the subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic crust and formed in the presence of pyroxene, plagioclase, and minor hornblende in its magmatic source. In combination with previously published data from Cretaceous magmatic rocks in the SLT, our data suggest that the petrogenesis of the Dazhuqu hornblende gabbro was related to flat or low-angle slab subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic crust during 109–97 Ma and that the formation of the Xietongmen granite porphyry was related to lithospheric delamination in the western portion of the SLT after ca. 68 Ma.  相似文献   

An Overview of the Destruction of North China Craton     

YANG Xiaonan  LI Zhonghai 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):177-178

  相似文献   

北太行山安妥岭斑岩钼矿Pb同位素组成及地质意义     

卢仁  梁涛  罗照华  樊秉鸿 《矿产与地质》2013,(1):83-88

对安妥岭斑岩钼矿床矿石中辉钼矿和黄铁矿进行了Pb同位素分析。安妥岭黄铁矿样品投点位于下地壳铅演化趋势线附近,辉钼矿样品投点位于上地幔铅演化趋势线附近;在Pb同位素Δβ-Δγ图解中,安妥岭样品数据点位于地幔源区和造山作用源区。这些Pb同位素特征表明安妥岭斑岩钼矿的成矿物质来源于上地幔-下地壳。同时,安妥岭斑岩钼Pb同位素示踪揭示了成矿期的构造运动波及到上地幔-下地壳,与安妥岭岩石圈拆沉作用这一深部动力学过程相吻合,安妥岭斑岩钼矿受控于太行山板内造山过程,其形成与太平洋板块的俯冲作用无关。  相似文献   

云南马关碧(钾)玄质火山角砾岩中矿物混晶包体特征及其地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

黄玉蓬  刘显凡  李春辉  卢秋霞  陶专  赵甫峰  董毅  邹金汐  易立文 《地学前缘》2013,20(2)

在云南马关碧(钾)玄质火山角砾岩中发现了一类特殊包体,呈红色与黑色两种。经X射线粉晶衍射鉴定,红色者为以锰铝榴石为主要结晶相的隐晶—非晶质混晶,黑色者为以绿辉石为主要结晶相的隐晶—非晶质混晶。两种矿物混晶包体在一定程度上类似于熔浆玻璃或熔体囊,它们具有同源演化的相似地球化学特征。文中通过对两种矿物混晶包体的显微特征与地球化学分析研究表明,它们是亏损地幔部分熔融的产物,并作为一种不混溶熔体成分被碱性玄武岩浆携带、运移上升。它们代表了石榴石相(榴辉岩相)地幔源区组分,暗示新生代时期软流圈上涌除释放小体积交代熔体交代上地幔使其富集之外,还造成岩石圈地幔拆沉,尖晶石相地幔组分向石榴石相地幔组分转变。另外,据两种混晶包体与其他类型包体和寄主岩岩浆的不同来源,推测马关地区深部岩石圈地幔经交代作用发生过两次转换。首先是由原始地幔向亏损地幔转化,并发生部分熔融,其后是由亏损地幔转化为富集地幔,形成富碱岩浆和与其互不混溶的进一步富集成矿元素的地幔流体。由此暗示滇西地区与富碱斑岩有关的多金属成矿作用即受制于这一深部地质过程与壳幔混染机制。  相似文献   

豫西崤山后河岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

卢仁  梁涛  卢欣祥  白凤军 《前寒武纪研究进展》2013,(4):263-270

与豫西小秦岭和熊耳山地区相类似,崤山北部也出露一系列中酸性小岩体,但与之相关的成矿作用明显较弱,因此长期未获得应有的关注。崤山北部小岩体的形成时代与区域成岩成矿时代之间的匹配关系对其深部构造演化研究及成矿潜力评价具有重要意义,鉴于此,作者对后河岩体进行了LA—ICP—MS锆石U-Db定年。后河岩体定年样品HH01的岩性为中一细粒黑云母二长花岗岩,30个锆石测点中有27个测点的测定值位于207PB/235U-206Pb/238U一致线上,相应的206Pb/238U年龄介于124～134Ma之间,加权平均年龄为128±1Ma（MSWD=I．02）,属早白垩世。后河岩体是岩石圈拆沉作用的产物,其形成时代处在东秦岭地区广泛而强烈的成岩成矿作用时限内,且显示了Au、Ag、Cu、Mo、W等元素的异常富集,具有较大的内生金属成矿潜力。  相似文献   

豫西磨沟正长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

卢仁  梁涛  白凤军  卢欣祥 《地质论评》2013,59(2):355-368

河南省东秦岭地区印支期岩浆活动产物零星出露,豫西外方山纸房—黄庄地区是其产地之一,本文对纸房—黄庄地区出露面积最大的磨沟正长岩岩体进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及Hf同位素测试.磨沟正长岩的锆石206 Pb/238U谐和年龄为245.5 ±8.0Ma(95%置信度,MSWD=2.6),记录了秦岭造山带印支期内早三叠世碱性岩浆活动事件.磨沟正长岩样品的εHf(t)值介于-31.89～-10.59之间,聚集于-31.89～-27.64和-21.02～-10.59两个区间内,二阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)为1937～3267Ma,集中于1937～ 2591 Ma和3003 ～ 3267 Ma两个年龄范围内.锆石Hf同位素特征表明磨沟正长岩是幔源碱性岩浆与壳源花岗质岩浆(片麻岩部分熔融)相混合的产物,与磨沟正长岩岩体中出现暗色微粒包体这一地质特征相吻合.磨沟正长岩形成于秦岭造山带的面接触碰撞时期,长期持续的碰撞效应使纸房—黄庄岩石圈厚度在垂向上显著增厚,其重力不稳定性加强,在印支早期发生局部小规模拆沉,与之伴有大规模的深部流体活动,暗示纸房—黄庄地区具有巨大成矿潜力,尤其是与正长岩岩体自身相关的稀有(Rb、Zr)、轻稀土元素及非水溶性钾矿资源.  相似文献   

Delamination of smectite in river-borne suspensions at the fluvial/marine interface – An experimental study     

Olaf Brockamp 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

Fine fractions (<2 μm) from smectite-rich flood-plain sediments from the Elbe and Weser rivers in Germany were treated in the laboratory with synthetic sea salt solutions at different concentrations and for different periods of time to document sheet delamination of smectite particles at the fluvial/marine interface and thus simulate changes in clay minerals at the mouth of a river. The project consisted of two steps: (1) Pilot tests were made in 0.5% salt solutions (brackish environment) showing a nearly 2-min delay of the clearing of the clayey suspensions, when the suspension was redispersed 15 and 30 min later after the first measurement. This was due to an obviously increased number of fine laminae from disintegrated smectite particles. (2) X-ray diffraction studies (XRD) of the clayey material from suspensions in 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0% salt solutions after standing 10 min, and one and three weeks were made to document alteration reactions of smectite. An aliquot was pipetted periodically from each series, and oriented clay-mineral specimens were analyzed by XRD in air-dried, glycol- and glycerin-solvated states. The peak intensities in the XRD patterns of the clay minerals smectite, random-ordered mixed-layer illite/smectite (I–S), kaolinite, chlorite, and illite did not change in the salt-free series during the experiments. In contrast the peak intensities of smectite and I–S mineral in the air-dried and glycerin-solvated states after suspension in saline solutions decreased significantly. The d-values of the smectitic materials in the air-dried state also decreased after contact with the saline solutions, and in the glycerin-solvated state the full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of the 001 smectite reflection increased by about 20%, indicating a reduction in grain size.  相似文献   

长江中下游成矿带岩石圈结构与成矿动力学模型——深部探测(SinoProbe)综述   总被引：23，自引：10，他引：13  

吕庆田  董树文  史大年  汤井田  江国明  张永谦  徐涛  SinoProbe--CJ项目组 《岩石学报》2014,30(4):889-906

岩石圈结构和深部过程对理解成矿带和大型矿集区的形成十分重要。岩石圈尺度的地球动力学过程将在地壳中留下各种结构的或物质的"痕迹",这些"痕迹"可以通过地球物理的手段去探测。为深入理解长江中下游成矿带形成的深部动力学过程,作者在国家深部探测专项(SinoProbe)和国家自然科学基金重点项目支持下,在长江中下游成矿带开展了综合地球物理探测。方法包括宽频地震、深地震反射、广角反射/折射和大地电磁测深。数据处理和反演结果取得一系列新发现:(1)成矿带上地幔顶部存在低速体,在中心深度300km处有一向SW倾斜的高速体;(2)S波接收函数证实成矿带岩石圈较薄,只有50~70km;横波分裂结果显示,成矿带上地幔各向异性方向和强度与邻区有较大区别,显示平行成矿带(NE-SW向)的上地幔变形和流动;(3)深反射地震揭示成矿带上地壳曾发生强烈挤压变形,以紧闭褶皱、逆冲和推覆为特征;在宁芜火山岩盆地、长江断裂带和郯庐断裂之下出现"鳄鱼嘴"构造,指示上下地壳在挤压变形过程中解耦;深反射地震证实发生过陆内俯冲和叠瓦,并认为是岩石圈增厚和拆沉的主导机制;(4)广角反射和大地电磁反演给出了跨成矿带地壳剖面的速度和电性结构,速度和电阻率分布总体上与构造单元相吻合。本文分析和解释了这些发现的地质意义,并结合近年在长江中下游地区的地球化学研究进展,提出了成矿带地球动力学模型。该模型认为:中、晚侏罗世陆内俯冲、岩石圈拆沉、幔源岩浆底侵和MASH过程造就了长江中下游世界级成矿带的形成。  相似文献