Collapse of zooplankton stocks during Liriope tetraphylla (Hydromedusa) blooms and dense mucilaginous aggregations in a thermohaline stratified basin          下载免费PDF全文

Izzet Noyan Yilmaz 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(3):595-610

A growing number of studies report an increase in jellyfish populations worldwide that may have consequences for marine planktonic food web dynamics. The principal objective of this study was to understand the changes in a zooplankton community during blooms of Liriope tetraphylla and subsequent mucilage events in the Sea of Marmara, a small highly stratified transitional basin between the Black and Aegean Seas. Liriope blooms observed in 2006 and 2007 reached a maximum abundance of 2978 ind.·m^?3, following the species' first observation in 2005. Jellyfish species are known to play a key guild role by restructuring plankton communities and in the Sea of Marmara Liriope caused a temporal regime shift from a crustacean‐ to a jellyfish‐controlled system. A rapid decline in abundance of most important zooplankton species followed the Liriope increase, together with a drastic shift in community structure. The dominant summer–autumn species Penilia avirostris (Cladocera) vanished in the autumn of 2006 and was diminished ~30‐fold in 2007 when compared with years without Liriope. The decline in zooplankton and the devastating effects of mucilage on pelagic ecosystem and socio‐economics through restricting commercial fisheries implied sensitivity of the already perturbed Marmara ecosystem to changes in predator densities and environmental stability.  相似文献   

The 1989 German Bight invasion of Muggiaea atlantica   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Greve  Wulf 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1994,51(4):355-358

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莱州湾海水入侵区地下水水化学特征   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

姚菁  于洪军  王树昆  马龙 《海洋科学》2007,31(4):32-36

对莱州湾沿岸(中国东部沿海海水入侵现象最为严重的地区之一)12个观测井(详细列举了4个)内7种主要离子浓度变化进行了分析,得出海水入侵区地下水中的主要离子浓度与地下水位的相关关系;并将莱州湾沿岸分为不同入侵区(海水入侵区和咸水入侵区),分别总结了随着海水入侵的发展地下水水化学类型的变化。  相似文献   

Reproductive and recruitment traits as indicators of the invasive potential of Kalanchoe daigremontiana (Crassulaceae) and Stapelia gigantea (Apocynaceae) in a Neotropical arid zone     

I. Herrera  J.M. Nassar   《Journal of Arid Environments》2009,73(11):978-986

Populations of two ornamental exotic species, Kalanchoe daigremontiana and Stapelia gigantea, have been recently detected inside a protected area containing arid ecosystems in Venezuela. We indirectly tested their invasive potential by characterizing their reproductive biology and recruitment patterns and comparing our estimates against Baker's Law and reproductive profiles reported for invasive plants. K. daigremontiana is autogamous, produces >16,000 seeds per plant and also reproduces clonally. Despite low seed viability (17.9%) and germination rates (11.9%), seeds were present in the seed bank. Plantlets of asexual origin showed high survival (75–100%) compared to seedlings of sexual origin (10%). S. gigantea is self-incompatible, xenogamous and produces close to 1500 seeds per m² of plant tissue. Seed viability (77%) and germination rates (62%) were high, but this species is not represented in the seed bank. It has a vegetative growth. A combination of reproductive and recruitment attributes, which match those considered in Baker's Law and others reported for invasive plants, confer K. daigremontiana and S. gigantea the potential to invade Neotropical arid zones; the former mainly through selfing and production of numerous asexual plantlets, and the latter through an association with a locally abundant pollinator and production of wind dispersed seeds.  相似文献   

Fragmentation as a Strategy for Caulerpa Species: Fates of Fragments and Implications for Management of an Invasive Weed   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Celia M. Smith  & Linda J. Walters 《Marine Ecology》1999,20(3-4):307-319

Abstract. The successful growth of fragments to full size macroalgal clones is well known for many taxa in mariculture. From an ecological context, however, few studies relate success by invasive species to the ability to fragment readily, disperse widely or re-attach rapidly - obvious hallmarks of weedy species. This study compares morphologically and ecologically distinct species of the green alga Caulerpa : in the Mediterranean, Caulerpa taxifolia is well known as an invasive weed; Caulerpa prolifera grows around or inside seagrass beds and is not apparently invasive; Caulerpa verticillata is among the most diminutive species, with potentially the most restricted reef distribution. We tested three hypotheses: (i) fragment success is independent of size, (ii) fragment success is independent of position within the plant and (iii) fragments from all species will be equally successful in establishing rhizoids, the first step to re-attachment. The success of small fragments (5–40 mm lengths) cut from distinct locations within replicate plants was scored for survival and establishment of rhizoids in bioassays. Additionally, for C. taxifolia , estimates were made of the force needed to puncture upright and prostrate axes, thereby estimating forces required to generate fragments from these two sources. Among the three species, only upright axes of C. taxifolia readily recovered from fragmentation stress for fragment sizes > 10 mm. The forces required to fragment upright axes were substantially less than for comparable rhizome portions. Fragments of C. prolifera were viable only for rhizome portions; fragments of C. verticillata were not viable at any size examined in this study. Estimates of viable fragment size, origin and force required to fragment axes for C. taxifolia support existing field data suggesting that fragmentation is the effective propagation mechanism underlying the spread of this invasive weed.  相似文献   

互花米草入侵对潮滩生态系统服务功能的影响及其管理   总被引：33，自引：2，他引：31  

李加林  杨晓平  童亿勤  张殿发  沈永明  张忍顺 《海洋通报》2005,24(5):33-38

在分析互花米草入侵我国沿海潮滩的基础上,论述了互花米草对潮滩生态系统生物量、生物多样性、潮滩水动力和沉积过程、土壤形成和营养物质积累、植被演替序列等生态服务功能的影响.并提出应根据不同区域的潮滩特征及其开发利用方向,因地制宜充分利用互花米草的正面价值,尽量减少其负面影响.  相似文献   

海洋植物谱系地理模式与遗传连通性研究进展     

胡自民  杜玉群  梁延硕  钟凯乐  张杰 《海洋与湖沼》2021,52(2):418-432

海洋植物谱系地理学虽然在国内受到的关注比较有限,但近年来的研究进展对了解环境变动如何影响物种的多样性结构、生态适应和进化潜力等亦提供了重要信息。本文首先对刊发海洋植物谱系地理研究最具代表性的两本国际期刊《Molecular Ecology》和《Journal of Biogeography》进行搜索和筛选,从研究团队的地域分布和研究对象的阶元等角度纵览全球范围内近20年间海洋植物谱系地理学研究的现状和特征。其后,本文从洋流如何驱动海洋植物谱系地理结构和多样性、入侵物种的种群遗传变异特征和路径重建、冰期避难所如何影响现今海洋植物遗传结构和地理变动、克隆繁殖和谱系多样化等四个方面概述了这一领域的主要成果进展。最后,本文还从岛屿地理模型、共生物种的谱系协同进化和高通量数据应用等三个方面对海洋植物谱系地理学的发展趋势进行了展望。  相似文献   

双侧向测井曲线形状的影响因素研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

范晓敏  吕蕾 《世界地质》2005,24(4):396-401

为研究井眼、层厚和侵入带对双侧向测井曲线形状的影响,利用正演模拟技术分别对各种常见情况计算了双侧向曲线。结果显示,井径增大使曲线变化趋缓,且幅度降低;泥浆电阻率与地层电阻率反差的增加则使曲线棱角更加分明;层厚在1m以下时高侵层无双尖峰现象,2m以上厚层曲线形态变化不大,低侵层厚度〉4m时,曲线在地层中部开始出现平顶;侵入带厚度较小时,曲线的侵入特征更明显,厚度大时趋于无侵入高阻层的形态;侵入带与地层和围岩的电阻率对比决定曲线的形状和幅度。  相似文献   

硫化物胁迫对海草影响的研究进展   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张玉  赵鹏  张晓梅  周毅 《海洋科学》2020,44(11):123-131

硫酸盐的还原作用是沿海海洋沉积物中有机质厌氧矿化的主要终点过程，该过程会生产有毒的硫化物。迄今为止，在所研究的大多数海草中都发现了硫化物侵入植株组织内部的现象，而且在温带和热带区域已经发生过多起因为草床沉积物中硫化物浓度过高而导致海草大面积死亡的事件。本文综述了近三十年来硫化物胁迫对海草影响的相关研究工作，主要内容包括以下四方面：（1）硫化物对海草产生胁迫的环境条件主要有缺氧、缺铁、有机质富集以及高盐；（2）硫化物侵入海草组织的途径是由根部吸收进而转移到地下茎和叶片中，而随着时间的推移，硫化物在海草组织中最终主要以单质硫、硫酸盐以及有机硫的形式存在；（3）硫化物对海草的危害主要是通过直接破坏海草的分生组织并进一步抑制海草的光合作用发生的，对海草的生长带来严重的负面影响；（4）不同海草物种受硫化物的侵入情况不同，主要与海草物种的形态学和内部结构差异有关。最后提出三方面的展望，包括硫化物胁迫下海草组织、细胞层面的深入研究，分子应答机制的研究以及有效的海草床修复手段的探索。本文有助于全面了解海草与硫化物胁迫之间的关系，并为将来开展更深入的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

Observations on the hydrology of bay of Islands,New Zealand     

J. D. Booth 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):671-689

Observations were made on several hydrological features of Bay of Islands during 1970 to 1971. The topography of Bay of Islands allows for a gradual change from estuarine to oceanic conditions within the harbour.

Monthly means of sea surface temperatures ranged between 15°c and 23°c, and some sea stratification was observed during summer. Salinities in the main basin were about 35.5‰; water transparency ranged from 2 m to 6 m by Secchi disc in the estuaries, to more than 15m in outer basin areas. Dissolved oxygen content was high, usually exceeding 100% saturation in surface waters. Water circulation within the bay appears to consist of an anti‐clockwise movement of at least the surface water, induced by a north‐west moving current, possibly derived from the East Auckland Current.

The observations suggest that, except; for the estuarine areas, Bay of Islands is hydrologically a fairly homogeneous, well‐mixed body of water.  相似文献