300年来中国森林的变化   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

何凡能  葛全胜  戴君虎  饶玉娟 《地理学报(英文版)》2008,18(1):59-72

Based on historical documents, modern survey and statistics, as well as the result of predecessor studies, the trend and main process of forest dynamics are recognized. The forest area and forest coverage rates for each province of China from 1700 to 1949 are estimated backward by every 50 years. Linking the result with modern National Forest Inventory data, the spatial-temporal dynamics of Chinese forest in recent 300 years （AD 1700-1998） is quantitatively analyzed. The study shows that in recent 300 years, the forest area in current territory of China has declined by 0.95×10^8 hm^2 （or 9.2% of the coverage rate） in total, with a trend of decrease and recovery. Before the 1960s, there was a trend of accelerated descending. The forest area was reduced by 1.66×10^8 hm^2 （or 17% of the coverage rate） in 260 years. While after the 1960s, there has been a rapid increase. The forest area increased by 0.7×10^8 hm^2 （or 8% of the coverage rate） in 40 years. The study also shows that there is a significant spatial difference in the dynamics of forest. The amplitudes of increasing and decreasing in western China are both smaller than the ones in eastern China. During the rapid declining period from 1700 to 1949, the most serious decrease appeared in the Northeast, the Southwest and the Southeast, where the coverage rate in most provinces dropped over 20%. In Heilongjiang Province, the coverage rate dropped by 50%. In Jilin Province, it dropped by 36%. In Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality, it dropped by 42%. In Yunnan Province, it dropped by 35%. During the recovery period 1949-1998, the western provinces, municipality and autonomous regions, including Ningxia, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Sichuan-Chongqing, Yunnan, Tibet, Xinjiang and Qinghai, etc, the increase rates are all below 5%, while the eastern provinces, municipality and autonomous regions （except Heilongjiang, Hubei, Jiangsu-Shanghai） have achieved an increase over 5%, among which the Guangdong-Hainan, Guangxi, Anhui, Beijing-Tianjin-H  相似文献   

Influence of sea ice and sea surface temperature on the abundance of Antarctic krill in Area 48.2     

DAI Lifeng  ZHANG Shengmao  FAN Wei 《极地研究(英文版)》2012,23(4):217-224

In this paper we examine the relationship between Antarctic krill catch, sea ice concentration, and sea surface tempera- ture （SST）. Data on the Antarctic krill catch from 2003 to 2010 in CCAMLR Area 48.2 were combined with sea ice and SST data. Results showed that krill fishing in Area 48.2 took place from February to August each year but the catch was concentrated from March to July, with production during this period accounting for about 99.3% of the annual catch. Regression analysis showed that the catch per unit effort （CPUE） was clearly related to sea ice concentration and SST intervals. CPUE was negatively correlated with the area of sea ice among years （R2=0.64）, and the correlation was strongest （R2=0.71） when sea ice concentration was greater than 90%. Over the months the CPUE initially increased, then decreased as the area of sea ice increased. The relationship was strongest （R2=0.88） when the concentration of sea ice was 60%--70%. There was no negative correlation among years between CPUE and the ice-free area when S ST was between -2 ℃ and 3 ℃ （R2=0.21）, but there was a significant negative correlation when SST was between 1 ℃ and 2℃ （R2=0.82）. Over the months, CPUE initially increased then decreased with increasing sea ice-free area, and the relationship was strongest （R2=0.94） when SST was between 0℃and 1 ℃. This study shows that sea ice concentra- tion and SST have significant effects on the abundance of krill in Area 48.2, and the findings have practical significance for the use and conservation of Antarctic krill resources.  相似文献   

海西州未利用土地资源基本状况及其利用情况     

《青海国土经略》2012,(4)

依据2011年度土地变更情况,现土地总面积为3008．54万公顷,占全省国土面积的41．7％。其中其他土地（未利用地）1687．93万公顷,占全州土地面积的56．1％。  相似文献   

城市地籍测量的重要性与常用方法分析     

牛富春 《黑龙江国土资源》2012,(3):54-54

城市地籍的测量工作,一般的依据是指以地籍调查为主,其手段是利用先进的科学测量技术,借助仪器精确地测出城市土地的各种面积指标,并且编绘出地籍图,用来满足相关管理部门对上地管理的需要。  相似文献   

农村居民点土地整理潜力与对策     

曹宪全 《黑龙江国土资源》2012,(7):52-52

“潜力”是一个相对概念,是指在一定时期,一定生产力,某种既定用途下,某一指标可能提高或节约的能力。农村居民点土地整理潜力是指根据国家小城镇建设的相关规定,立足自身区位与自然、人文和社会经济需求,通过旧村拆迁改造和土地整理,以盘活闲置土地、增强内涵挖潜、提高土地利用率、改善居住环境为目的的一系列工程措施而增加的住宅、商业等各类建设用地面积的能力。农村居民点土地整理综合潜力内涵示意图所示。  相似文献   

我国土地石漠化由扩展变为净减少     

《国土资源》2012,(6)

截至2011年,我国行漠化土地面积为1200．2万公顷．与2005年相比净减少96万公顷．减少了7．4％;年均减少1600平方公里,缩减率为1．27％,这是记者日前从国新办第二次全网石漠化榆测结果发布会上得到的数据。  相似文献   

多措并举扎实工作郝辉刘艳杰不断将节约集约用地推向纵深--辽宁肖调兵山市节约集约用地探索与实践     

郝辉  刘艳杰 《国土资源》2012,(8):50-53

辽宁省调兵山市位于铁岭市西部,区域面积,263平方公里,人口25万,下辖34个村,人均耕地面积0．84亩。调兵山市是因煤而兴的资源型城市,境内座落着国家八大煤炭生产基地之一的铁法煤业有限责任公司。由于煤炭生产企业成立在先,  相似文献   

变面积差动电容式传感器的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴鹏  郭晓菲  陈志高  夏界宁  杨建 《大地测量与地球动力学》2012,32(Z1):141-142,152

介绍一款变面积式差动电容传感器.该传感器借助于两路相位相差180°的激励信号源作用于两固定极,使动摆片与定摆片之间形成电场.动摆片在进行摆动的过程中,在左右两固定摆中的面积会发生相应的变化,进而会产生电容量的改变.动摆片摆动角度的大小与动摆片在定片中的面积以及电容量的大小呈线性比例关系.通过交流电桥法可测量出该电容传感器的电容量的变化所对应的电压输出,并推算出动摆片位移角度的大小.实验验证了该设计的可行性.  相似文献   

应用NOAA/AVHRR数据测算局地水稻种植面积方法研究   总被引：29，自引：3，他引：29  

李郁竹  曾燕 《遥感学报》1998,2(2):125-130

本文采用在模糊监督分类中增加迭代过程的方法－－模糊监督分类一迭代法,在分解混合像元的基础上,利用ＡＶＨＲＲ数据求算水稻种植面积。根据稻田与旱地存在温度差异的特点,在分析ＡＶＨＲＲ数据统计特征的基础上,增加了第３和４两通道参加模糊监督分类,从而增加了分类橡元值矢量维数,增强了对水稻的鉴别能力。反采用的迭代法是收敛具有效的,经本方法输出的水稻种植面积百分含量图与实际水稻分布十分吻合,测算出的面积值与Ｔ  相似文献   

基于MODIS数据的水稻种植面积提取研究进展   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

于文颖  冯锐  纪瑞鹏  张玉书  陈鹏狮  赵先丽  武晋雯 《气象与环境学报》2011,27(2):56-61

概述了水稻种植面积监测遥感数据源的应用变化、特征指数和时相选取以及遥感分类方法的发展,分析了MODIS影像在水稻种植面积遥感提取技术方面的研究进展及发展方向。结果表明：MODIS具有高光谱、高时间分辨率、多时相等特点,在大尺度上提取水稻种植面积上,可提高作物识别和监测的精确度与工作效率,节约成本,有着其他遥感数据无法相比的优势,应用MODIS数据提取水稻种植面积,取得了较好的效果。水稻遥感的最佳时相可以选择移栽期和孕穗期,利用对水体和植被较为敏感的波段或植被指数（如NDVI、LSWI和EVI）进行水稻识别,并提取种植面积。传统的遥感图像分类方法如监督分类和非监督分类,算法成熟、操作简单,是目前应用较多的方法;近年来发展起来的分类新方法,如决策树分类法、专家系统分类法、神经网络分类法,支持向量机法等,能够更准确地提取目标地物,对图像分类有不同程度的改进,在实际应用中通常和传统分类方法结合起来使用;多时相分析法与高时间、高分辨率多光谱影像的结合可以获取较高精度的作物种植面积数据,与传统分类方法相比有较大提高。利用MODIS对单一的或大面积的水稻种植面积提取效果较好,但对于地块破碎的种植面积估算尚难达到满意的结果,添加其他的辅佐数据如高程、坡度等,并结合MODIS数据的多时相特点分类等方法,可提高遥感影像分类的精度。  相似文献