内蒙古油砂固体颗粒的矿物组成和亲疏水性特征     

王程  冯锴  于佳乐  王李鹏 《岩矿测试》2022,(2):332-340

油砂是一种重要的非常规油气资源,由沥青、固体颗粒(包括粗颗粒和细颗粒)和水组成,其开发利用的关键在于提高其中沥青的提取效率.溶剂提取技术因其沥青提取效率高、环境友好等优点被认为有望取代现有水基提取技术.在溶剂提取过程中,主要存在沥青中固体颗粒残留率高和尾矿中有机溶剂回收效率低的问题,这与固体颗粒的组成结构和表面性质密切...  相似文献   

不同温度条件下氨氮在砂土中的吸附实验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王露  李铎 《中国地质调查》2017,4(2):90-93

温度的变化能够改变水体的环境,引起周围环境中的离子吸附解吸作用的变化。不同于其他土壤,砂土的保水保肥能力更差,砂土地区一旦发生氨氮(NH₄⁺-N)污染,情况会更加严重和突出。为防治砂土地区N H₄⁺-N污染提供理论依据与技术支持,通过N H₄⁺-N的静态吸附试验,研究不同温度条件下N H₄⁺N在粗砂、中砂、细砂中的吸附转化特征,得到如下结论: 在试验设置的温度区间内,总的趋势是温度越低,砂土对N H₄⁺-N的吸附量越高,表明温度升高对N H₄⁺-N的吸附有抑制作用,这主要是因为吸附过程中会产生弱放热效应,进而降低渗滤介质对N H₄⁺N的平衡吸附量; 在25~30 ℃区间内存在硝化与反硝化作用的临界温度,当温度低于临界温度时,N H₄⁺-N吸附量的减少主要是由于发生了硝化反应,当温度高于临界温度时,N H₄⁺-N的吸附量减少主要是由于发生了反硝化反应。  相似文献   

不同粘土矿物对赖氨酸的吸附行为对比研究          下载免费PDF全文

开炜  蔡元峰  蔡进功  季峻峰 《高校地质学报》2018,24(5):671

以皂石、高岭石、绿泥石和伊利石为原材料,分别与赖氨酸进行反应,研究赖氨酸在上述粘土矿物上的吸附行为, 并运用粉末X-射线衍射技术（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱术（FTIR）和热重（TG）等分析方法,表征反应前后粘土 矿物的变化。实验结果表明,不同粘土矿物对赖氨酸的吸附等温线均符合Freundlich等温方程,且不同粘土矿物对赖氨酸的 饱和吸附量大小顺序为：皂石>蒙脱石>绿泥石>高岭石>伊利石;XRD结果表明皂石对赖氨酸的吸附发生在矿物层间,而绿 泥石、高岭石和伊利石对赖氨酸的吸附主要在矿物表面进行;FTIR和TG结果表明赖氨酸主要取代粘土矿物层间吸附水,以 氢键的形式与Si-O-Si(IVAl)键合。实验结果将有助于进一步探明环境中粘土矿物对有机质的吸附机理。  相似文献   

开采扰动下考虑损伤破裂的深部煤体渗透率模型研究     

荣腾龙  周宏伟  王路军  任伟光  郭依宝 《岩土力学》2018,39(11):3983-3992

为了研究深部煤体在开采扰动影响下的渗透率演化规律,以三向应力条件下的煤体渗透率模型为基础,从吸附解吸作用引起裂隙变形和损伤破裂造成煤基质弹性模量劣化的角度进行理论推导,引入内膨胀应变系数的概念,同时基于Drucker-Prager破坏准则的损伤本构关系建立了两种考虑煤体损伤破裂的渗透率演化模型——指数型和立方型,并且对常规三轴加载、开采扰动加卸载和改变气体压力下的瓦斯渗透试验结果进行了拟合分析。结果表明：所构建的两种模型可以较好地反映常规三轴加载和开采扰动加卸载下煤体渗透率的分区段变化特征,也可以描述有效围压恒定条件下煤体渗透率随气体压力升高而降低的规律。在开采扰动加卸载和改变气体压力的试验中,指数型的拟合效果略优于立方型。研究结果可为深部煤炭开采及瓦斯抽采的工作提供指导。  相似文献   

页岩气等温解吸特性研究     

岳长涛  李术元  李林玥  温海龙 《现代地质》2017,31(1):150

页岩气以吸附态、游离态和溶解态存在于页岩储层中,其中吸附态为主要赋存状态,考察页岩气解吸特征对于我国页岩气勘探开发研究有着重要的理论指导意义。选取了位于南方海相页岩储区的四川和湖北荆门等地的页岩样品,对其常规地球化学性质进行了分析,结果表明页岩样品有机碳含量较高且发育较为成熟;采用MSB磁悬浮天平等温吸附仪进行等温解吸实验并对解吸速率和解吸效率进行计算,结果表明：30~10 MPa时页岩解吸量很低并且无明显变化;10~05 MPa时页岩解吸量迅速上升,该阶段为主要解吸段;吸附势理论可用于判断页岩气解吸情况和页岩样品解吸性能强弱,吸附势越大越不利于解吸  相似文献   

Effect of pore structure on shale oil accumulation in the lower third member of the Shahejie formation,Zhanhua Sag,eastern China: Evidence from gas adsorption and nuclear magnetic resonance     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

As shale oil occurs primarily in micro–nano pores and fractures, research about the effect of pore structure on shale oil accumulation has great significance for shale oil exploration and development. The effect of pore structure on shale oil accumulation in the lower third member of the Shahejie formation (Es₃^l), Zhanhua Sag, eastern China was investigated using gas adsorption, soxhlet extraction, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) observation. The results indicated that the samples contained a larger amount of ink-bottle-shaped and slit-shaped pores after extraction than before extraction. The pore volume and specific surface area of the samples were approximately 2.5 times larger after extraction than before extraction. Residual hydrocarbon occurred primarily in the free-state form in pores with diameters of 10–1000 nm, which can provide sufficient pore volume for free hydrocarbon accumulation. Therefore, pores with diameters of 10–1000 nm were regarded as “oil-enriched pores”, which are effective pores for shale oil exploration, whereas pores with diameters smaller than 10 nm were regarded as “oil-ineffective pores”. Samples with only well-developed small pores with diameters smaller than 1000 nm showed high oil saturation, whereas samples with both small pores and also relatively large pores and micro-fractures presented low oil saturation. As the minimum pore size allowing fluid expulsion is 1000 nm, pores with diameters greater than 1000 nm were considered as “oil-percolated pores”. Large pores and micro-fractures are generally interconnected and may even form a complex fracture mesh, which greatly improves the permeability of shale reservoirs and is beneficial to fluid discharge.  相似文献   

Nanoscale pore structure and fractal characteristics of a marine-continental transitional shale: A case study from the lower Permian Shanxi Shale in the southeastern Ordos Basin,China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Shale samples collected from seven wells in the southeastern Ordos Basin were tested to investigate quantitatively the pore structure and fractal characteristics of the Lower Permian Shanxi Shale, which was deposited in a marine-continental transitional (hereinafter referred to as the transitional) environment. Low-pressure nitrogen adsorption data show that the Shanxi Shale exhibits considerably much lower surface area (SA) and pore volume (PV) in the range of 0.6–1.3 m²/g and 0.25–0.9 ml/100 g, respectively. Type III kerogen abundant in the transitional Shanxi Shale were observed to be poorly developed in the organic pores in spite of being highly mature, which resulted in a small contribution of organic matter (OM) to the SA and PV. Instead, I/S (illite-smectite mixed clay) together with illite jointly contributed mostly to the SA and PV as a result of the large amount of inter-layer pores associated with them, which were evident in broad-ion-beam (BIB) imaging and statistical analysis. Additionally, the Shanxi Shale has fractal geometries of both pore surface and pore structure, with the pore surface fractal dimension (D1) ranging from 2.16 to 2.42 and the pore structure fractal dimension (D2) ranging from 2.49 to 2.68, respectively. The D1 values denote a pore surface irregularity increase with an increase in I/S and illite content attributed to their more irregular pore surface compared with other mineralogical compositions and OM. The fractal dimension D2 characterizing the pore structure complexity is closely related to the pore arrangement and connectivity, and I/S and illite decrease the D2 when their contents increase due to the incremental ordering degree and connectivity of I/S- or illite-hosted pores. Meanwhile, other shale constituents (including kaolinite, chlorite, and OM) that possess few pores can significantly increase the pore structure complexity by way of pore-blocking.  相似文献   

Geochemical characterization and methane adsorption capacity of overmature organic-rich Lower Cambrian shales in northeast Guizhou region,southwest China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

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北方典型内陆盆地高砷地下水的水化学特征及处理技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵凯  郭华明  高存荣 《现代地质》2015,29(2):351-360

我国高砷地下水分布广泛,是受砷污染最严重的地区之一,严重危害居民身体健康,开发经济、高效、环境友好的高砷地下水修复治理技术极具必要性。以大同盆地、呼包平原、河套平原和银川平原为代表性研究区域,归纳总结了北方干旱、半干旱地区典型高砷地下水区水化学特征。通常情况下,高砷地下水的pH值较高,共存阴离子(HCO^-3、SO^2-₄和Cl^-)浓度较大,溶解性有机碳含量较高,并且As(Ⅲ)为主要砷形态。开展了针对北方典型高砷地下水特定水化学环境特点(如pH值、共存阴阳离子以及溶解性有机物等)的改性天然菱铁矿除砷性能研究。结果表明,改性天然菱铁矿对溶液pH值具有良好的缓冲能力,其除砷性能基本不受pH值、共存阴离子、Ca/Mg阳离子及以腐殖酸为代表的溶解性有机物等典型高砷地下水水化学特征因素的影响,表明吸附剂对砷具有良好的吸附选择性。另外,改性天然菱铁矿对As(Ⅲ)的去除效果优于对As(V)的去除效果,因此,利用改性天然菱铁矿作为反应介质材料,将其应用于处理主要以As(Ⅲ)形式存在的高砷地下水具备良好的发展前景。  相似文献   

铬在土壤及地下水中迁移转化研究综述   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

白利平  王业耀 《地质与资源》2009,18(2):144-148

评述了铬在土壤及地下水中迁移转化的主要方式,着重讨论了吸附作用、氧化还原作用和生物作用对铬迁移转化的影响.并对目前研究中存在的问题进行了总结,对今后的发展方向进行了展望.  相似文献