内蒙古草原羊草群落优势物种对气候变暖的响应     

刘钦普  林振山 《地理科学进展》2006,25(1):63-71

通过对内蒙古锡林河流域羊草草原地区1981~1994年14年的温度观测和植被调查数据的逐年滑动平均处理,分析该地区气候和植被的相互关系以及随时间的动态变化特征。研究结果表明,内蒙古羊草草原地区的气温在研究期内具有冬、夏半年高低温变化不一致的特点：冬半年最低温度升高最为明显,最高温度升高较为明显,平均温度升高明显;夏半年最低温度升高最为明显,最高温度反而有某种程度的下降,平均温度升高不明显;全年最低温度升高最为明显,最高温度升高较为明显,平均温度升高明显。全年平均温度的升高主要是冬半年温度升高所致。羊草群落的前6种优势植物种对气温变化有不同的响应：第1、3、5优势种羊草(最优建群种)、寸草苔、变蒿的重要值和地上初级生产力随着最低温度的升高有明显的下降趋势,第2、4、6优势种大针茅(次优建群种)、西伯利亚羽茅、冰草的重要值和地上初级生产力由于种间互补作用而略有升高。这种由于竞争能力相近物种对环境变化的不同适应以及种间竞争排斥和共生互补关系,增加了植物群落种群动态变化的复杂性。因此,在研究与模拟羊草草原对温度变化响应的机理时,不仅要考虑不同温度的变化对植物的影响,还要考虑物种之间的相互作用。  相似文献   

浮游植物生物量研究Ⅱ.胶州湾网采浮游植物细胞体积转换生物量   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

孙军  刘东艳  钱树本 《海洋学报》2000,22(1):102-109

基于浮游植物细胞体积转换法获得的胶州湾浮游植物细胞生物量,计算了胶州湾水体中同采浮游植物生物量,并与浮游植物细胞计数结果进行了周年变化的比较和优势种分析。研究结果表明,调查期内,浮游植物细胞数量出现两次高峰(主峰1月份,次峰9月份),转换生物量仅出现一次高峰(8月份);优势种分析表明,上述峰值期的不同,与浮游植物群落结构及不同种群细胞的个体大小密切相关。浮游植物细胞体积转换生物量不仅能较客观地反映浮游植物现存量,又能从群落、种群结构角度解释能量分布及不同种群对浮游植物生物量的各自贡献。  相似文献   

11种微藻脂类和EPA／DHA组成的研究   总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26  

林学政  李光友 《黄渤海海洋》2000,18(2):36-40

研究了１１种微藻在可比较的条件下,其生物量、总脂含量和多不饱和脂肪酸（ＥＰＡ／ＤＨＡ）有组成。结果表明：卡德藻（Ｔｅｔｒａｓｅｌｍｉｓ ｓｐ．）的生物量最大,细胞干重可达０．１４０ｇ／（Ｌ．ｄ）;南极冰藻（Ｂｅｒｋｅｌｅｙａ ｒｕｔｉｌａｎｓ）次之,可达０．０７４ｇ／（Ｌ．ｄ）。以叉鞭金藻（Ｄｉｃｒａｔｅｒｉａ ｉｎｏｒｎａｔａ）和球等鞭金藻（Ｉｓｏｃｈｒｙｓｉｓ ｇａｌｂａｎａ）的总酯含量最高,  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal distribution of protozooplankton and copepod nauplii in relation to the occurrence of giant jellyfish in the Yellow Sea   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王璐  徐奎栋 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2013,31(6):1226-1240

The occurrence of the giant jellyfish, Nemopilema nomurai, has been a frequent phenomenon in the Yellow Sea. However, the relationship between the giant jellyfish and protozoa, in particular ciliates, remains largely unknown. We investigated the distribution of nanoflagellates, ciliates, Noctiluca scintillans, and copepod nauplii along the transect 33~N in the Yellow Sea in June and August, 2012, during an occurrence of the giant jellyfish, and in October of that year when the jellyfish was absent. The organisms studied were mainly concentrated in the surface waters in summer, while in autumn they were evenly distributed in the water column. Nanoflagellate, ciliate, and copepod nauplii biomasses increased from early June to August along with jellyfish growth, the first two decreased in October, while N. scintillans biomass peaked in early June to 3 571 pg C/L and decreased in August and October. In summer, ciliate biomass greatly exceeded that of copepod nauplii （4.61-15.04 ~tg C/L vs. 0.34-0.89 pg C/L）. Ciliate production was even more important than biomass, ranging from 6.59 to 34.19 ~tg C/（L.d） in summer. Our data suggest a tight and positive association among the nano-, micro-, and meso-zooplankton in the study area. Statistical analysis revealed that the abundance and total production of ciliate as well as loricate ciliate biomass were positively correlated with giant jellyfish biomass, indicating a possible predator-prey relationship between ciliates and giant jellyfish. This is in contrast to a previous study, which reported a significant reduction in ciliate standing crops due to the mass occurrence ofN. nomurai in summer. Our study indicates that, with its high biomass and, in particular, high production ciliates might support the mass occurrence of giant jellyfish.  相似文献   

Biomass allocation patterns of alpine grassland species and functional groups along a precipitation gradient on the Northern Tibetan Plateau   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Jian-shuang Wu  Zhen-xi Shen  Xian-zhou Zhang  Pei-li Shi 《山地科学学报》2013,10(6):1097-1108

Variations in the fractions of biomass allocated to functional components are widely considered as plant responses to resource availability for grassland plants. Observations indicated shoots isometrically relates to roots at the community level but allometrically at the species level in Tibetan alpine grasslands. These differences may result from the specific complementarity of functional groups between functional components, such as leaf, root, stem and reproductive organ. To test the component complementary responses to regional moisture variation, we conducted a multi-site transect survey to measure plant individual size and component biomass fractions of common species belonging to the functional groups： forbs, grasses, legumes and sedges on the Northern Tibetan Plateau in peak growing season in 2010. Along the mean annual precipitation （MAP） gradient, we sampled 7o species, in which 2o are in alpine meadows, 20 in alpine steppes, 15 in alpine desert-steppes and 15 in alpine deserts, respectively. Our results showed that the size of alpine plants is small with individual biomass mostly lower than 1.0 g. Plants keep relative conservative component individual responses moisture functional fractions across alpine grasslands at the level. However, the complementary between functional components to variations specifically differ among groups. These results indicate that functional group diversity may be an effective tool for scaling biomass allocation patterns from individual up to community level. Therefore, it is necessary andvaluable to perform intensive and systematic studies on identification and differentiation the influences of compositional changes in functional groups on ecosystem primary services and processes.  相似文献   

Phytoplankton community changes indicated by biomarker from sediment in Prydz Bay, Antarctica     

YU Peisong  ZHANG Haisheng  HU Chuanyu  LU Bing 《极地研究(英文版)》2012,23(4):225-230

Biomarkers including brassicasterol, dinosterol and alkenone in sediments are used as indicators to reconstruct changes to the phytoplankton community in surface and sub-aerial sediments of Prydz Bay, Antarctica. The results indicate that the bio- marker records in surface and core sediment samples changed with time and space. The total content of phytoplankton biomarkers ranges from 391.0--1 470.6 ng.g-l. The phytoplankton biomass has increased in Prydz Bay over the past 100 years. This variation may be mainly related with climate change in the region. The total biomarker contents in surface sediments from 5 stations in Prydz Bay are in the range of 215.8--1 294.3 ng.g4. The phytoplankton biomass in Prydz Bay is higher than that outside of the bay. This is similar to the distributions of chlorophyll a, organic carbon and biogenic silica in surface waters determined through in situ investigation. Such consistency indicates a coupling between the bottom of the ocean and biogeochemical processes in the upper water.  相似文献   

经济下行中净土地使用权抵押登记的风险及防范     

沈维忠 《浙江国土资源》2012,(6):52-53

土地使用权按地上建筑情况可分三类：一是地上建筑领有合法产权证（房产证）的;二是地上建筑已经竣工并通过国土部门土地复合验收但地上建筑因故未领取房产证或地上建筑已灭失的土地使用权,这类土地使用权证实践中叫做正式证（以下简称正式证）;  相似文献   

共和盆地中间锦鸡儿人工林根系的分布特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘丽颖  贾志清  朱雅娟  魏登贤  杨德福  赵雪彬 《中国沙漠》2012,32(6):1626-1631

采用剖面法对青海共和盆地中间锦鸡儿（Caragana intermedia）人工林的根系进行调查,分析5 a、9 a和25 a根系的生物量、比根长和根长密度的垂直分布格局,同时测定土壤含水量的垂直变化。结果表明:①不同林龄中间锦鸡儿人工林的吸收根（d≤1 mm）和输导根（d>1 mm）的主要分布范围不同。5 a、9 a和25 a吸收根主要分布土层分别是10～30、10～50 cm和10～60 cm,输导根主要分布土层分别是10～50、10～60 cm和10～90 cm。②随着林龄的增加,根系的吸收根、输导根的总生物量、总比根长和总根长密度均显著增加（P<0.05）;各林龄根系中的吸收根比输导根具有更高的比根长和根长密度（P<0.05）。因此,吸收水分和养分的能力随着林龄增加而增大。③中间锦鸡儿人工林根系,尤其是吸收根的分布影响土壤水分变化,吸收根集中分布土层的土壤含水量显著降低。  相似文献   

中亚干旱荒漠区植被碳储量估算   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

陶冶  张元明 《干旱区地理》2013,36(4):615-622

荒漠是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,荒漠植被碳储量研究是陆地生态系统碳循环研究的重要内容之一。中亚五国及中国准噶尔荒漠是中亚干旱区的主体部分,目前关于该地区荒漠植被碳储量的研究尚属空白。在对准噶尔荒漠不同植被类型活生物量碳大规模调查的基础上,结合中亚干旱荒漠区植被图,利用平均生物量法初步估算了中亚区域荒漠植被碳储量。结果表明：中亚区域荒漠面积共310.37×104 km2,总生物量碳储量为57.03×10⁷ t,地上、地下生物量碳分别为28.87×10⁷ t和28.16×10⁷ t,各占50.63%和49.37%。各植被型中,温带半灌木、矮半灌木荒漠的生物量碳储量最大,达到14.17×10⁷ t （占24.84%）。中亚荒漠平均生物量碳密度为1.837 t/hm²,其中温带矮半乔木荒漠碳密度最大（2.367 t/hm²）。可以推测,在未来中亚地区降水持续增加的条件下下,中亚荒漠植被将会有更大的碳汇潜力。  相似文献   

新疆3种主要森林类型根系生物量变化特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张毓涛  胡莎莎  李吉玫  芦建江  王文栋 《干旱区地理》2013,36(2):269-276

根系生物量是准确评估森林生态系统碳储量及碳汇功能的一个重要数据。采用标准木全收获法研究了新疆3种主要森林树种根系生物量,并分析了其在垂直梯度上的分配规律和随年龄的变化特点。结果表明：（1）新疆杨、西伯利亚落叶松和阿勒泰冷杉根系总生物量分别为43.409、42.152 t/hm²和16.19 t/hm²;（2）根系生物量随土壤深度增加迅速减少,约88.37%以上的根系生物量集中分布在0～40 cm土层中,在超过40 cm土层中,根系生物量降至较低水平（约为8.3%）;（3）随林分年龄的增长,各林分根系总生物量呈递增趋势,在中龄林根系生物量增长速率达到最大。各级根系中粗根、中根及细根生物量随年龄的增长所占比例呈现递减规律,而其根桩和毛细根生物量差异较大,所占比例随年龄的增大基本呈增大趋势;（4）在表层土壤中各林分在林木的幼龄及中龄阶段根系生物量都处于较高比例,之后呈下降趋势后维持在一定水平基本不变,而深层土壤中各林分在幼龄阶段都处于一个较低的水平,后以一定比例逐渐增长;（5）新疆杨、西伯利亚落叶松和阿勒泰冷杉根系年平均生产力分别为：1.070 8 t·hm^-2·a^-1、1.014 4 t·hm^-2·a^-1和0.910 7 t·hm^-2·a^-1。  相似文献