赣北双桥山群变沉积岩的地球化学特征及与钨多金属成矿的关系     

刘冰琪  于津海  蒋威  蔡元峰 《地质学报》2023,97(2):433-447

赣北发育的超大型W多金属矿床与晚中生代花岗岩密切相关。这些岩体和相伴的矿床侵入于新元古代双桥山群和新元古代九岭花岗闪长岩中,而且被认为与双桥山群变质沉积岩具有成因联系。对双桥山群沉积岩的地球化学研究显示,这些沉积岩具有大的成分变化,但都具有低的Na₂O、MgO、CaO和高的Al₂O₃含量;SiO₂/Al₂O₃比值指示其具有中等的成熟度,而较高的CIA值指示其源区经历了较强的风化作用。双桥山群沉积岩相对贫Ba、Sr、Sn、Nb、Cr和Ni,而富集Li、Be、Cs、Rb和W等元素;稀土总量较高,尤其是重稀土。主量元素和微量元素特征都表明双桥山群沉积岩的物源区含有更多基性—中性火成岩物质而缺少古老的再循环物质。Li、Nb、Be、Rb、Sn等稀有金属元素与岩石的CIA值呈现很好的正相关关系,表明黏土矿物的增加有利于稀有金属元素的富集。本次研究利用Geops软件对岩石进行了部分熔融模拟。模拟结果显示由双桥山群变质沉积岩很难直接熔融出大湖塘中生代花岗岩的原始岩浆,而双...  相似文献   

Re-folded structure of syn-orogenic granitoids(Padrón dome,NW Iberia):Assessing rheological evolution of cooling continental crust in a collisional setting     

Rubén Díez Fernández  Francisco J.Rubio Pascual  Luis Miguel Martín Parra 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(2):651-669

This contribution discusses about the rheological, kinematic and dynamic frameworks necessary to produce recumbent and upright folds from syn-orogenic granitic massifs that were formed during an early stage of magma genesis related to the onset of a migmatitic dome. Syn-kinematic granitoids occurring within the high-grade infrastructure of the Padron migmatitic dome(NW Iberia) are deformed into largescale recumbent folds(D_2) that are later affected by upright folds(D_3). Petrostructural analysis of a selected area of this dome reveals that after a period of crustal thickening(D_1), NNW-directed extensional flow gave way to recumbent folds and penetrative axial plane foliation(S_2). Superimposed subhorizontal compression resulted in upright folds(D_3). A closer view into the dynamics of the dome allows exploring the factors that may condition the nucleation of folds with contrasting geometries during progressive deformation of molten continental crust. The formation of folds affecting syn-kinematic granitoids suggests a cooling metamorphic path in migmatitic domes. Active and passive folding mechanisms require a crystallizing(cooling) magma to nucleate folds. A more competent metamorphic host inhibits fold nucleation from much less competent magmas. As it crystallizes, magma becomes more rigid(competent),and approaches viscosity values of its host. Passive folding is favored when no significant competence contrast exists between magma and host, so this folding mechanism is more likely shortly after magma genesis and emplacement. In such conditions, and under dominant subhorizontal flow accompanied by flattening(D_2),passive folding would produce isoclinal recumbent geometries. Further magma cooling introduces a shift into the rheological behavior of partially molten crust. Thereon, crystallizing magma bodies would represent significant competence contrasts relative to their host. At this point, buckling is a more likely folding mechanism, and more regular, buckle folds re-fold previous structures after significant cooling. The geometry of resulting folds is upright due to dominant subhorizontal compression(D_3) at this stage.  相似文献   

多尺度综合地球物理方法在扎西康铅锌锑金多金属矿找矿预测中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

郭镜  李文昌  李光明  焦彦杰  梁生贤 《地球科学》2019,44(6):2129-2142

青藏高原后碰撞阶段发生了大规模地壳尺度的伸展作用,并在特提斯喜马拉雅带内发育了淡色花岗岩、南北及东西向断裂等构造-热事件,形成了一系列的铅锌锑金多金属矿床.扎西康铅锌锑金多金属矿是带内已发现唯一的超大型多金属矿床.应用多尺度的综合地球物理方法开展扎西康矿区的找矿预测,为特提斯喜马拉雅铅锌锑金成矿带内的矿床勘查提供借鉴.首先,通过穿越错那洞穹窿、藏南拆离系(STDS)及扎西康典型矿床的南北向MT剖面(长72 km,基准点距1 km),初步建立了扎西康矿床深部构造-热事件的空间关系,结合区域构造-热事件的时间关系,提出了构造-热耦合成矿作用模型,为扎西康的地球物理勘探提供基础.其次,通过1∶5万区域重力(线距500 m,点距400 m)和MT剖面(点距500 m)浅部信息的联合解译,对扎西康整装勘查区尺度的导矿构造开展研究.最终,通过激电中梯扫面测量(线距100 m,点距40 m)、AMT剖面(点距50 m)及重力剖面(点距20 m)的联合解译,对扎西康的含矿断裂开展研究,定位深部隐伏矿体.  相似文献   

北阿尔金喀腊大湾地区4337高地北花岗闪长岩 SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其构造意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孟令通  陈柏林  罗迪柯  王永  孙岳  吴玉  张昊  王铜 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,45(6):1757-1771

喀腊大湾位于北阿尔金中东段,为北东向阿尔金断裂与东西向阿尔金北缘断裂所夹持,区内遍布中酸性侵入岩。笔者选取喀腊大湾地区4337高地北花岗闪长岩岩体为研究对象来反演喀腊大湾地区构造演化。岩石地球化学数据表明,岩体为高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩,可能是下地壳中钾和高钾变质玄武岩在高压条件下部分熔融形成的。4337高地北花岗闪长岩岩体锆石 SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为(494.4 ± 5.5)Ma,表明其为晚寒武世岩浆活动的产物。结合岩体的地球化学、微量元素构造环境判别图解、年代学和区域地质背景的特征,判定其形成于与俯冲有关的活动陆缘(大陆弧)构造环境。同时,结合前人对喀腊大湾地区岩浆岩的研究,认为该区在早古生代发育一条活动陆缘(大陆弧)岩浆岩带,指示北阿尔金局限洋盆在晚寒武世早中奥陶世向南俯冲在中阿尔金地块之下。通过对比北阿尔金东西段报道的中酸性侵入岩年龄数据,认为北阿尔金局限洋盆西段经历了更长时间的俯冲,整体呈东早西晚的剪刀状闭合。  相似文献   

Streamflow variation due to glacier melting and climate change in upstream Heihe River Basin,Northwest China     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2015

Streamflow simulation is often challenging in mountainous watersheds because of incomplete hydrological models, irregular topography, immeasurable snowpack or glacier, and low data resolution. In this study, a semi-distributed conceptual hydrological model (SWAT-Soil Water Assessment Tool) coupled with a glacier melting algorithm was applied to investigate the sensitivity of streamflow to climatic and glacial changes in the upstream Heihe River Basin. The glacier mass balance was calculated at daily time-step using a distributed temperature-index melting and accumulation algorithm embedded in the SWAT model. Specifically, the model was calibrated and validated using daily streamflow data measured at Yingluoxia Hydrological Station and decadal ice volume changes derived from survey maps and remote sensing images between 1960 and 2010. This study highlights the effects of glacier melting on streamflow and their future changes in the mountainous watersheds. We simulate the contribution of glacier melting to streamflow change under different scenarios of climate changes in terms of temperature and precipitation dynamics. The rising temperature positively contributed to streamflow due to the increase of snowmelt and glacier melting. The rising precipitation directly contributes to streamflow and it contributed more to streamflow than the rising temperature. The results show that glacial meltwater has contributed about 3.25 billion m³ to streamflow during 1960–2010. However, the depth of runoff within the watershed increased by about 2.3 mm due to the release of water from glacial storage to supply the intensified evapotranspiration and infiltration. The simulation results indicate that the glacier made about 8.9% contribution to streamflow in 2010. The research approach used in this study is feasible to estimate the glacial contribution to streamflow in other similar mountainous watersheds elsewhere.  相似文献   

广义高斯模型阈值的南极冰盖冻融探测     

王星东  王成  李新广 《冰川冻土》2015,37(4):940-945

在微波散射计的简单冰盖融化物理模型的基础上, 提出了不依赖于实地观测数据的自动阈值分割的南极冰盖冻融探测的新算法, 即利用广义高斯模型对通过微波散射计简单冰盖融化物理模型变换得到的数据做直方图统计, 得到干湿雪划分的最优阈值, 从而得到干湿雪的冻融分布图. 这种算法不但解决了物理模型算法需依赖实测冰盖融化信息才能进行冰盖冻融探测的问题, 而且能自动选择较多的样本, 提高了冰盖冻融探测的计算效率、 实用性和可操作性. 算法也能被应用到其他地区, 为全球的冰盖冻融探测提供了方法学的支持和补充.  相似文献   

Major and trace element and Sr–Nd isotope signatures of lavas from the Central Lau Basin: Implications for the nature and influence of subduction components in the back-arc mantle     

Liyan Tian  Paterno R. Castillo  James W. Hawkins  David R. Hilton  Barry B. Hanan  Aaron J. Pietruszka 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2008

New major and trace element and Sr–Nd isotope data are presented for basaltic glasses from active spreading centers (Central Lau Spreading Center (CLSC), Relay Zone (RZ) and Eastern Lau Spreading Center (ELSC)) in the Central Lau Basin, SW Pacific. Basaltic lavas from the Central Lau Basin are mainly tholeiitic and are broadly similar in composition to mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). Their generally high ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios, combined with relatively low ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd ratios are more akin to MORB from the Indian rather than Pacific Ocean. In detail, the CLSC, RZ and ELSC lavas are generally more enriched in large ion lithophile elements (Rb, Ba, Sr, and K) than average normal-MORB, which suggests that the mantle beneath the Central Lau Basin was modified by subducted slab-derived components. Fluid mobile/immobile trace element and Sr – Nd isotope ratios suggest that the subduction components were essentially transferred into the mantle via hydrous fluids derived from the subducted oceanic crust; contributions coming from the subducted sediments are minor. Compared to CLSC lavas, ELSC and RZ lavas show greater enrichment in fluid mobile elements and depletion in high field strength elements, especially Nb. Thus, with increasing distance away from the arc, the influence of subduction components in the mantle source of Lau Basin lavas diminishes. The amount of hydrous fluids also influences the degree of partial melting of the mantle beneath the Central Lau Basin, and hence the degree of melting also decreases with increasing distance from the arc.  相似文献   

花岗岩形成的热动力学过程数值模拟研究进展     

陈震  陈国能  刘永江  刘洁 《岩石学报》2017,33(5):1498-1506

形成过程的不可观察性是花岗岩成因长期争论的重要原因。数值模拟技术与超级计算机的结合,为花岗岩形成热动力学过程的数字重建提供了可能性。本文首先回顾了花岗岩形成过程数值模拟所需的物理化学参数的获取研究,其中一个重要进展是将上陆壳作为一个整体,重新厘定了岩石"平均强度"突降或流变学转换,即MCT、FMT、SLT对应的熔体比,为研究深熔岩浆的形成过程提供了重要的实验约束。在此基础上,介绍了基于岩浆侵入模型的物理和数值模拟研究进展。在岩浆侵入模型中,岩体与"源区"是分离的。各岩体与其相应"源区"之间地质条件的差别,使得现有的针对特定岩浆定位模式建立的数字模型,难以具有普适性。文章的最后部分展示了作者利用天河2号超级计算平台,在Chen and Grapes(2007)提出的"原地重熔"地质模型的基础上,对壳内大规模熔融和热对流的2-D数值模拟结果,初步重现了花岗岩和混合岩形成的热动力学过程。模拟结果揭示,热对流是壳内熔融能够形成大规模花岗岩浆的根本原因;岩浆"顶蚀"作用导致MI(SLT)界面向上移动和岩浆层增厚;壳内岩浆层发展的必要条件不是高的地壳温度,而是岩浆系统有持续的热供给,使系统能在较长时间内保持对流状态。  相似文献   

Discussion on possibilities of taking ground ice in permafrost as water sources on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during climate warming     

JiChun Wu  Yu Sheng  QingBai Wu  Jing Li  XiuMin Zhang 《寒旱区科学》2009,1(4):0322-0328

Large amounts of ground ice are born with permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Degradation of permafrost resulted from the climate warming will inevitably lead to melting of ground ice.The water released from the melting ground ice enters hydrologic cycles at various levels,and changes regional hydrologic regimes to various degrees.Due to difficulties in monitoring the perma-frost-degradation-release-water process,direct and reliable evidence is few.The accumulative effect of releasing water,however,is remarkable in the macro-scale hydrologic process.On the basis of the monitoring results of water-levels changes in some lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and combined with the previous results of the hydrologic changing trends at the regional scale,the authors preliminarily discussed the possibilities of the degrading permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as a potential water source during climate warming.  相似文献   

天山东段冰雪消融与产汇流水文过程——以乌鲁木齐河源区为例     

孙美平  姚晓军  李忠勤  张明军 《地理学报》2014,69(7):945-957

应用天山北坡乌鲁木齐河源区1 号冰川、空冰斗和总控3 个水文断面2011 年5-9 月每10min 实测水位数据、15 min 的气温、降水数据、1 号冰川消融及空冰斗区积雪观测数据,采用排除和不排除降水对冰雪消融产流影响的研究方法,系统分析了不同冰川覆盖率下水文断面冰雪消融特征及产汇流过程。结果表明：（1） 乌鲁木齐河源区3 个水文断面流量昼夜差异明显,1 号冰川水文断面白天径流大于夜晚径流,空冰斗和总控断面则相反;3 个断面流量亦具有显著日变化过程,且流量峰值大小和到来的时间存在差异。（2） 在排除与不排除降水两种天气影响下,1 号冰川最大流量滞后最高气温分别为1~3 h 和0~1 h;空冰斗断面分别为10~16 h和13 h,总控断面分别为5~11 h 和6~7 h,反映了1 号冰川从消融产流到汇流时间最短,空冰斗积雪消融产流时间最长,总控位于二者之间,同时亦反映伴随降水过程冰雪融水汇流迅速,即从产流到汇流时间有一定的缩短。（3） 影响3 个水文断面流量变化的因素不同,冰川区热量条件是影响1 号冰川水文断面的关键,1 号冰川在过去20 余年间,冰内、冰下排水道变得更为单一,对融水的阻滞和贮存作用弱化,融水汇流过程变得更为迅速。（4） 冰川覆盖山区流域水文断面在冰川消融期的流量过程线变化及最大流量与最高气温时滞变化规律在一定程度上对于认识冰川覆盖率有差异背景下的流域下垫面水系演化、冰雪消融过程及水文断面径流补给具有重要的指示意义。  相似文献