海权论与俄罗斯海权地理不利性评析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陆俊元 《世界地理研究》1998,(1)

本文概要介绍了马汉的海权理论及俄罗斯的海权思想与实践。提出海岸条件、出海通道、海岸间的地理联系是制约海权发展的三个最直接的地理因素。在此基础上,分析了俄罗斯的海权地理状况,指出俄罗斯海权发展存在显著的、巨大的地理制约性。  相似文献   

Investigation on the Load/Unload Response Ratio With Coda Q-1 as Response     

Chen Xuezhong  Yin Xiangchu  Aki K  Ouyang H  Jin A.  Song Zhiping  and Wang YucangCenter tor Analysis  Prediction  SSB  Beijing  ChinaSouthern California Eanhquake Center  University of Southern California  Los Angeles  USAInstitute of Geophysics  SSB  Beijing  China 《中国地震研究》1996,(4)

The load/unload response ratio YQ with the geophysical parameter coda Q-1 of the crust as response is denned in this study.The variation in YQ-1 before and after the Northridge earthquake of January 17,1994(California)has been investigated by using the data of coda Q-1 with frequencies of 1.5,3.0,6.0,12.0,and 24.0 Hz in the Southern California from 1987 to 1994.It can be found that YQ-1 for coda waves with all frequencies,the frequency of 12.0 Hz excluded,ascended to a certain extent prior to the occurrence of the rnainshock and returned to normality after the main shock.  相似文献   

铀矿区化探资料计算机处理及成图     

芮本善 《铀矿地质》1989,5(2):107-111

铀矿区化探资料计算机处理及其彩色等值图绘制软件,是应用了测量学、函数逼近论和计算机绘图等学科的有关理论完成的。绘图工作是在超级小型机PE-3230和静电彩色绘图仪ECP-42上进行的。根据需要,目前已开发了绘制1:20万和1:5万二种比例尺标准图幅的软件。当用户给出测区左下角的经纬度值后,本程序便能自动进行图廓整饰自动化(绘出方里网并写出其经纬度值)。在绘制彩色图时,由于应用了保凸拟合方法,使得图形色区各边界的一阶导数连续可微,从而达到边界线光滑的要求。图件的图名、接图表及其它注释均用中文标出。  相似文献   

GM(1,1)模型在沉降预报中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王坚  岳广余  孟凡涛 《四川测绘》2003,26(2):79-81

本文提出采用灰色理论进行定量预报的方法。讨论GM(1，1)沉降预报模型的建立以及应用问题，并使用建立的预报模型对沉降控制点沉陷量进行预报。结果表明，用GM(1，1)模型进行预报具有理论的可行性和现实意义，说明灰色理论在地表沉降预报领域具有实用价值。  相似文献   

Growth of homogeneously nucleated water droplets: a quantitative comparison of experiment and theory     

Alexander Fladerer  Reinhard Strey   《Atmospheric Research》2003,65(3-4):161-187

The formation of aerosols proceeds through nucleation, growth and aging stages. The understanding of nucleation and droplet growth is essential for handling the more complex atmospheric condensation processes. To achieve this goal, measurements of the nucleation rate of various systems are performed in an expansion chamber. In this manner nucleation and growth are decoupled by applying a short nucleation pulse of about 1 ms during which the nuclei are formed. The subsequent droplet growth is quantitatively monitored by Mie-scattering. To this end, the Mie-maxima and -minima are detected as a function of time and compared to theoretical Mie-scattering calculations for increasing radii. In this fashion, a wealth of growth curves for pure water depending on supersaturations, number densities of droplets, and temperatures were obtained. Following the approach of Fuchs and Sutugin [Fuchs, N.A., Sutugin, A.G., 1970. Highly Dispersed Aerosols. Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Ann Arbor; Fuchs, N.A., Sutugin, A.G., 1971. In: Hidy, G.M., Brock, J.R. (Eds.), International Reviews in Aerosol Physics and Chemistry: Topics in Current Aerosol Research (Part 2), Pergamon, New York, p. 1], we calculated theoretical growth curves taking into account the depletion of water vapor, the increase of droplet- and system-temperature, temperature-dependent functions of the diffusion coefficient, surface tension, liquid density and latent heat of condensation. The calculated growth curves and experimental data for 230, 240 and 250 K with number densities of droplets between 5×10² and 2×10⁶ droplets/cm³ yield quantitative agreement between theory and experiment. This is remarkable in so far as the theory contains no adjustable parameters and assumes the sticking probability of the vapor molecules to be unity. Using a sticking probability smaller than 0.8 in the calculation leads to growth functions already outside the experimental error.  相似文献   

地质环境合理开发利用集对论准则   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

龚士良 《地质灾害与环境保护》2003,14(2):34-38

资源与环境是当今社会面临的两大问题，是影响可持续发展的重要因素。地质环境具有资源与灾害的双重属性，不合理的开发利用将引发环境负效应，其影响具有扩散性与延滞性。本文借鉴集对论基本原理与方法，对城市化进程中地质环境的合理开发利用提出总体思路及其具体途径。  相似文献   

Rigid‐plastic seismic design of reinforced concrete structures     

J. L. Domingues Costa  R. Bento  Vsevolod Levtchitch  M. P. Nielsen 《地震工程与结构动力学》2007,36(1):55-76

In this paper a new seismic design procedure for Reinforced Concrete (R/C) structures is proposed—the Rigid‐Plastic Seismic Design (RPSD) method. This is a design procedure based on Non‐Linear Time‐ History Analysis (NLTHA) for systems expected to perform in the non‐linear range during a lifetime earthquake event. The theoretical background is the Theory of Plasticity (Rigid‐Plastic Structures). Firstly, a collapse mechanism is chosen and the corresponding stress field is made safe outside the regions where plastic behaviour takes place. It is shown that this allows the determination of the required structural strength with respect to a pre‐defined performance parameter using a rigid‐plastic response spectrum, which is characteristic of the ground motion alone. The maximum strength demand at any point is solely dependent on the intensity of the ground motion, which facilitates the task of distributing required strength throughout the structure. Any artificial considerations intended to adjust results according to empirical observations are avoided, which, from a conceptual point of view, is considered to be an advantage over other simplified design procedures for seismic design. The procedure is formulated using a step‐by‐step format followed by a design example of a 4‐storey‐R/C‐plane‐frame. Results are compared with refined NLTHA and found to be extremely encouraging. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

公众对气象信息需求的规律与公共气象服务   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

韩佳芮  叶谦  田青 《干旱气象》2007,25(2):82-89

通过对“北京2008奥运气象服务社会需求调查”所得资料的统计定量分析,揭示出公众对气象信息的需求呈现出以下规律:公众最为关注的气象信息、指数(夏季温度、污染相关信息)受生理需求驱动;次关注的信息(高影响天气和人体舒适相关信息)与公众的安全感和追求高品质生活有关;而关注程度相对较低的信息具有2个特点:(1)需求人群相对特殊;(2)难以从大部分媒体获得。分析表明,所发现的公众气象信息需求规律基本符合马斯洛需求层次理论。而行为经济学信息易得性理论对调查中所发现的冰雹和降水概率的低关注度问题则有较好的解释。本研究所得结果为气象部门改进气象信息服务工作有一定的启示。  相似文献   

邓小平语言中的礼貌现象     

黎政 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(2):103-107

《邓小平文选》是领导者语言的范例，存在大量的礼貌现象．体现着礼貌的思想。它们的运用可以给交际对方留面子，从而使交际活动更好地进行下去。以Brown和Levinson的面子保全论为理论基础，运用Leeoh的礼貌原则及六个次准则分析了《邓小平文选》领导语言中的各种礼貌的语言现象，其实现途径以及它的内在语用机制。这说明礼貌理论对文本交际活动也具有很强的阐释力。  相似文献   

Equation of a Barotropic Fluid on a Rotating Spherical Surface and its Inertial Manifold     

J. Horák 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2000,44(1):26-37

The inertial manifold is a positive invariant set which exponentially attracts all the trajectories of a dissipative dynamic system. It was introduced for the purpose of studying the asymptotic behaviour of such systems. The initial infinitely dimensional dynamic system, generated by a partial differential evolution equation, can be projected on to it, in order to obtain the final system of ordinary differential equations (inertial equations). These equations then simulate the initial object. Although the inertial manifold is an object relatively simpler than the attractor (a very complicated set of non-integer dimension may be an attractor) it is more difficult to prove its existence than that of the attractor. The equation of a barotropic fluid on a rotating spherical surface is one of the examples of dissipative dynamic systems with an inertial manifold. This kindles the hope that also the equations of the dynamics of the real atmosphere will have an inertial manifold. The reduction of the sample system to this Lipschitz manifold of finite dimension thus justifies us in analysing the behaviour of the atmosphere on non-linear models of finite dimensions and few parameters, in a finite system of ordinary differential equations.  相似文献