头颈部结外淋巴瘤的影像诊断     

张建新  杨晓棠  王艳艳  陈麦林  王峻 《CT理论与应用研究》2012,21(2):269-276

目的:探讨头颈部结外淋巴瘤的CT、MRI表现及临床病理特点。方法:回顾性对照分析51例经外科手术或病理证实的头颈部结外淋巴瘤患者的临床病理及CT、MRI影像资料,评价头颈部结外淋巴瘤的影像及临床病理特点。结果:51例全部为非何杰金淋巴瘤(NHL),其中来源于B细胞32例(62.75%),T细胞19例(37.25%)。原发部位最常见于鼻腔及咽环,其中鼻腔23例(45.10%),咽环(Waldeyer环)20例(39.22%),其余部位共8例(15.69%),包括眼眶3例,喉部、甲状腺各2例,腮腺1例。18例(35.29%)伴淋巴结转移。根据肿瘤形态分为3型,其中单发肿块型31例(60.78%),弥漫肿胀型17例(33.33%),溃疡坏死型3例(5.89%)。结论:头颈部结外淋巴瘤的临床病理及CT、MRI影像表现有一定特征性,影像检查可以显示病变形态、范围及淋巴结转移,结合临床特点对头颈部结外淋巴瘤的诊断、分期及指导治疗有一定价值。  相似文献   

青少年胫骨结节撕脱性骨折影像学诊断     

黄钰坚  方挺松  曾雪伟  何伟红 《CT理论与应用研究》2012,21(3):507-513

目的：探讨急性青少年胫骨结节撕脱性骨折的影像学诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析经手术证实的6例（都为男性）急性青少年胫骨结节撕脱性骨折患者资料,其中2例右侧,4例左侧。除1例为跌倒致伤外,其余5例为运动损伤。X线平片检查6例,CT平扫2例,MRI平扫3例。结果：X线平片表现,根据Ogden’s分型,1例ⅠB型,1例ⅡA型、2...  相似文献   

A Comprehensive Method for Fractionating Soil Organic Matter Not Protected and Protected from Decomposition by Physical and Chemical Mechanisms     

César Plaza  José M. Fernández  Engil I. P. Pereira  Alfredo Polo 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(2):134-139

The objective of this work was to describe a method for isolating meaningful and measurable soil organic matter (SOM) pools that differ in the mechanisms by which they are protected from decomposition. The proposed method is appropriate for soil C stabilization and sequestration studies. Unlike previous fractionation schemes, this procedure allows free SOM located between aggregates (unprotected C pool) and SOM occluded within both macroaggregates and microaggregates (C weakly and strongly protected by physical mechanisms, respectively) to be recovered separately, freed from the soil mineral matrix and the mineral‐associated SOM pool (C pool protected by chemical mechanisms) and thus well suited to advanced chemical characterization by ¹³C‐NMR. Briefly, free SOM is isolated by an initial density separation. Stable macroaggregates are broken up into stable microaggregates and intra‐macroaggregate SOM, which is then separated by density. Finally, intra‐microaggregate SOM is isolated from mineral‐associated SOM by a third density separation after ultrasonic disruption. The SOM dissolved during the fractionation procedure is also recovered. Results obtained on soil samples with contrasting textures suggested that clay content induces a decrease of the proportion of free organic C and an increase of mineral‐associated organic C content. Free SOM is characterized by a marked presence of undecayed organic material and biologically labile substances, such as carbohydrates and proteins. In contrast, SOM occluded within aggregates, especially within microaggregates, represents a more decomposed fraction, relatively enriched in unsubstituted‐aliphatic material, most probably lipid biopolymers.  相似文献   

肋骨原发性软骨肉瘤的影像表现     

母华国  桑玲  吴德红  魏万清  付传明  陈伦刚  陈平有 《CT理论与应用研究》2015,24(4):595-602

目的:探讨肋骨原发性软骨肉瘤的影像学特点。方法:收集经手术病理证实的12例肋骨原发性软骨肉瘤,回顾性分析其X线、CT及MRI表现。结果:12例肋骨原发性软骨肉瘤(男性6例,女性6例)。12例肋骨原发性软骨肉瘤位于肋骨前缘肋软骨连接处7例,位于肋骨头近胸椎处4例,肋骨腋段1例。X线检查均表现为境界清楚/密度均匀的胸部肿块(左侧7例,右侧5例),邻近肋骨骨质结构变模糊。CT平扫病变处均呈溶骨性、膨胀性骨质破坏,局部软组织肿块边缘清晰伴有条状、结节状及环状钙化。CT增强扫描病变(11例)强化不明显,邻近椎体和附件表现为骨质侵蚀破坏。10例肋骨原发性软骨肉瘤接受了MRI检查,病变均表现为边界清楚的长T1、长T2混杂信号肿块,增强后不均匀环状强化。结论:钙化为肋骨原发性软骨肉瘤的特征性表现,边界清楚的软组织肿块为重要征象,环状强化为其增强CT/MRI表现特点,完善影像学检查,能明显提高诊断的准确性,指导临床手术。   相似文献   

On the interest of using the multiple center approach in ESR dating of optically bleached quartz grains: Some examples from the Early Pleistocene terraces of the Alcanadre River (Ebro basin,Spain)     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2015

The present work reports the first numerical ages obtained for the two highest fluvial terraces (Qt1 and Qt2) of the Alcanadre River system (Northeastern Spain) representing the earliest remnants of Quaternary morphosedimentary fluvial activity in the Ebro basin. ESR dating method was applied to optically bleached quartz grains and both the Al and Ti centers were measured, in accordance with the Multiple Center approach. The results are overall in good agreement with the existing preliminary chronostratigraphic framework and our interpretation indicate that terraces Qt1 and Qt2 have an ESR age of 1276 ± 104 ka and 817 ± 68 ka, respectively. These data provide some chronological insights on the beginning of the fluvial sedimentary processes in a scenario of incision maintained over Quaternary in the Ebro Basin. These are among the first numerical ages obtained for such high terraces in the Iberian Peninsula.Our results demonstrate the interest of using the Multiple Center approach in ESR dating of quartz, since the two centers provide complementary information, i.e. an independent dose control. The overall apparent consistency between the ESR age estimates and the existing preliminary chronostratigraphic framework may be considered as an empirical evidence that the Ti–Li center may actually work for Early Pleistocene deposits, whereas the Ti–H center shows some clear limitations instead. Finally, these results demonstrate the interest of using ESR method to date Early Pleistocene fluvial terraces that are usually beyond the time range covered by the OSL dating method.  相似文献   

海啸波近岸共振响应的数值模拟及分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张金凤 《地震学刊》2010,(2):147-151

应用有限差分方法求解非线性浅水长波方程,建立了海啸波产生和传播的二维数值模型;对太平洋地震引起的夏威夷群岛海啸波进行模拟,并将模拟结果和测站实测值进行比较,验证了模型的正确性。利用快速傅里叶变换对数值模拟结果进行谱分析,得到整个计算区域的能量谱分布,并给出了发生能量聚集的位置及相应的谱峰周期。讨论了海啸波传播到近岸时可能产生的共振响应现象,发现海啸波和近岸的共振响应不仅与近岸复杂地形有关,还与海啸波传播到近岸时的波浪入射方向有关。  相似文献   

全下肢动脉磁共振血管成像技术的临床应用     

张艺  邓力刚  靳二虎  梁宇霆  关伟 《CT理论与应用研究》2010,19(3):75-81

目的:探讨对比剂增强三维磁共振血管成像技术显示下肢动脉病变的价值。方法:对43例有症状患者进行盆腔和全下肢动脉3DCE-MRA检查,再利用后处理软件对原始图像进行减影、最大信号强度投影重组和三段对接,获得不同角度的全下肢血管树结构。结果:42例患者顺利完成检查和后处理编辑,动脉血管显示清晰,图像质量符合诊断要求,检查成功率98%。1例因病情较重,不能坚持平卧和静止不动,未能完成检查。结论:三维磁共振血管成像技术全下肢动脉血管成像可为临床诊断和处置周围动脉闭塞性疾病提供有用的影像信息。  相似文献   

面神经瘤的高分辨CT和MRI诊断     

沈丽辉  陈孝柏  李滨 《CT理论与应用研究》2010,19(3):99-106

目的:探讨高分辨CT和MRI对不同类型面神经瘤的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析18例资料完整的颞骨面神经瘤患者的多排螺旋高分辨CT和MRI影像,所有患者均行多排螺旋CT扫描和高分辨、多平面重建及MRI平扫和增强扫描。结果:检出18例面神经肿瘤,11例为面神经鞘瘤、5例为面神经纤维瘤、2例为面神经血管瘤。结论:多排螺旋HRCT和MRI在面神经瘤诊断中,HRCT在显示骨破坏细节方面极佳,而增强MRI对面神经瘤本身的显示优于多排螺旋HRCT,二者优势互补,应根据患者具体情况合理选择。  相似文献   

酒依赖致慢性酒精中毒性脑病的临床及CT/MRI分析     

余红胜  武宁强  沈又利 《CT理论与应用研究》2010,19(3):107-116

目的:分析酒依赖致慢性酒精中毒性脑病(CAE)的临床及CT/MRI影像表现特征,探讨CT/MRI在该病临床诊断中的价值。方法:回顾性分析32例资料完整CAE患者的临床及CT/MRI影像学资料,总结其影像学表现特征。结果:CAE临床表现主要为不同程度的神经系统损害(尤为中枢神经系统)和精神障碍,其颅脑损害CT/MRI主要表现为:脑萎缩27例;脑梗塞7例;白质脱髓鞘18例;韦尼克脑病3例;胼胝体变性1例;多病变并存24例。结论:①CAE的病理机制为饮酒导致的脑血管损害和营养代谢障碍,以及脑组织缺血缺氧、神经纤维脱髓鞘改变;②CAE影像学表现有其特征性,尤以小脑蚓部萎缩以及韦尼克脑病、胼胝体变性更具特征性,CT/MRI检查对了解脑损害的性质、范围及程度有重要意义,可为临床诊断、治疗及评估预后提供依据。  相似文献   

地面核磁共振信号相位求取电阻率   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

彭耀  李凡  潘剑伟  李振宇 《CT理论与应用研究》2016,25(1):41-47

椭圆极化现象是电磁场在导电介质中传播时产生的,为得到准确的相位信息,在计算激发磁场时应考虑椭圆极化。本文研究了地面核磁共振(SNMR)信号相位求取电阻率的基本方法,利用SNMR信号通过广义逆反演法得到电阻率未知情况下的含水率及层位分布,作为相位反演电阻率的先验值,通过模拟退火法实现对电阻率的反演。对SNMR的研究解决了通过相位对电阻率的求取,有利于进一步利用相位信息提高含水层和含水率反演的精度。   相似文献