New K–Ar ages of shield lavas from Waianae Volcano, Oahu, Hawaiian Archipelago     

H. Guillou  J. Sinton  C. Laj  C. Kissel  N. Szeremeta 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2000,96(3-4)

A geochronological study utilized the unspiked potassium–argon (K–Ar) technique to obtain ages from the two main volcanic members of the shield stage of the Waianae Volcano, HI. These new dates are further constrained using a combination of stratigraphic relationships, magnetostratigraphy and major element geochemistry. Exposed shield lavas encompass 0.85 Ma, with reliably dated tholeiitic lavas from the main shield ranging from 3.93±0.08 to 3.54±0.04 Ma, and a later shield stage ranging in age from 3.57±0.04 to 3.08±0.04 Ma. These data suggest that the total extent of Waianae shield activity was significantly more than 1 Ma. The age of faulting in two flank zones is constrained to be about 3.4 Ma. Preliminary estimates of lava accumulation rates vary from about 0.3 to 2.0 mm/a; calculated rates show no systematic variation with location in the volcano or with time.  相似文献   

粤西阳春中生代钾玄质侵入岩及其构造意义:Ⅰ.岩石学和同位素地质年代学   总被引：45，自引：7，他引：38  

李献华  周汉文  刘颖  李寄嵎  陈正宏  于津生  桂训唐 《地球化学》2000,29(6):513-520

粤西阳春地区马山二长岩的岩石化学组成特征为典型的钾玄质岩石,岗尾、轮水石英二长岩和花岗闪长岩属酸性一偏中性的钾玄质系列岩石(少数样品为高钾钙碱性岩石),而石菉花岗闪长岩则为典型的钙碱性系列岩石,这些岩体在岩石化学演化趋势上存在显著的差异,不属于同一个岩石成因系列.40Ar-39Ar和Rb-Sr同位素定年结果表明,马山和岗尾岩体的形成年龄分别为(164±2)Ma和(154±1)Ma.阳春地区从中侏罗世到早白垩世期间发生了3次主要的岩浆活动,从早到晚岩浆的K富集程度逐渐降低,岩浆岩成分从钾玄质系列过渡到钙碱系列.  相似文献   

内蒙古喀喇沁堆晶岩捕虏体和寄主闪长岩的同位素年龄   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

邵济安  张任祜  韩庆军  张履桥  乔广生  桑海清 《地球化学》2000,29(4):331-336

喀喇沁地区们于大兴安岭中生代构造岩浆岩带与华北克拉通交汇部位。研究区的闪长岩侵入到太古宙基底中。闪长岩中含有二辉岩、辉长岩、苏长岩、角闪岩、斜长岩等不同组分的镁铁质－超镁铁堆晶岩捕虏体和基性麻粒岩捕虏体,它们是幔源玄武质岩浆底侵作用的产物。分别用Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ法、Ｋ－Ａｒ法和Ａｒ－Ａｒ法,对堆晶岩捕虏体及其寄主岩全岩或单矿物进行了详细的同位素地质年代学研究,共获得各种年龄数据８件,橄榄辉石岩的全岩Ｒｂ  相似文献   

A complete and easily accessible means of calculating surface exposure ages or erosion rates from Be and Al measurements     

Greg Balco  John O. Stone  Nathaniel A. Lifton  Tibor J. Dunai 《Quaternary Geochronology》2008,3(3):174-195

We codify previously published means of calculating exposure ages and erosion rates from ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al concentrations in rock surfaces, and present a single complete and straightforward method that reflects currently accepted practices and is consistent with existing production rate calibration measurements. It is intended to enable geoscientists, who wish to use cosmogenic-nuclide exposure age or erosion rate measurements in their work to: (a) calculate exposure ages and erosion rates; (b) compare previously published exposure ages or erosion rate measurements on a common basis; (c) evaluate the sensitivity of their results to differences between published production rate scaling schemes. The method is available online at http://hess.ess.washington.edu.  相似文献   

辽东半岛中生代花岗质岩浆作用的年代学格架   总被引：51，自引：4，他引：47  

吴福元  杨进辉  柳小明 《高校地质学报》2005,11(3):305-317

辽东半岛是我国东部中生代花岗质岩石较为发育的地区。传统观点认为,该区花岗岩以三叠-早中侏罗世（印支-早燕山期）为主。采用SHRIMP、TIMS和LA—ICPMS三种方法,对60余个样品中的锆石进行了U—Pb同位素年代学测定。根据这些资料,目前可以将该区中生代花岗质岩浆作用划分为3个阶段：三叠纪（233～212Ma）、侏罗纪（180～156Ma）和早白垩世（131～117Ma）。与以前认识不同的是,区内的花岗质岩石以早白垩世为主。对比华北地台其它地区中生代岩浆作用的年代学格架发现,三叠纪一侏罗纪花岗岩主要出现在华北东部,而早白垩世花岗岩在全区均较发育,这一分布特征为探讨华北中生代地质演化提供了重要信息。  相似文献   

高精度质谱计在同位素地球化学的应用前景   总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22  

陈福坤  李秋立  李潮峰  李向辉  王秀丽  王芳 《地球科学》2005,30(6):639-645

微量地质样品的高精度同位素比值测试已经成为地质和环境科学等领域极其重要的研究手段.新型固体热电离质谱计以其高精度和高灵敏度, 将在同位素年代学和地球化学领域有广阔的应用前景.报道采用IsoProbeT质谱计测量标准物质溶液的结果.测量锶标准物质NBS987和钕标准物质Ames分别获得平均87Sr/86Sr比值0.710 241 8±0.000 005 1和平均143Nd/144Nd比值0.512 148 4±0.000 002 9, 内部精度可达0.000 3%.微量锶标准物质(0.3~1 ng) 的同位素比值测量内部精度可以优于0.003%.结合低本底化学流程, 实现了微量地质样品的高精度同位素比值测试.这一结合将有效地促进单颗粒矿物年代学和同位素示踪在岩浆岩、变质岩、矿床、构造岩研究的应用.   相似文献   

Reinterpretation of the northern South China Sea pre-Cenozoic basement and geodynamic implications of the South China continent: constraints from combined geological and geophysical records     

Weilin Zhu  Yuchi Cui  Lei Shao  Peijun Qiao  Peng Yu  Jianxiang Pei  Xinyu Liu  Hao Zhang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(2):13-28

The pre-Cenozoic northern South China Sea(SCS) Basin basement was supposed to exist as a complex of heterogeneous segments, divided by dozens of N-S faulting. Unfortunately, only the Hainan Island and the northeastern SCS region were modestly dated while the extensive basement remains roughly postulated by limited geophysical data. This study presents a systematic analysis including U-Pb geochronology, elemental geochemistry and petrographic identification on granite and meta-clastic borehole samples from several key areas. Constrained from gravity-magnetic joint inversion, this interpretation will be of great significance revealing the tectono-magmatic evolution along the southeastern margin of the Eurasian Plate. Beneath the thick Cenozoic sediments, the northern SCS is composed of a uniform Mesozoic basement while the Precambrian rocks are only constricted along the Red River Fault Zone. Further eastern part of the northern SCS below the Cenozoic succession was widely intruded by granites with Jurassic-to-early Cretaceous ages. Further western part, on the other hand, is represented by meta-sedimentary rocks with relatively sporadic granite complexes. To be noted,the western areas derived higher-degree and wider metamorphic zones, which is in contrast with the lowerdegree and narrower metamorphic belt developed in the eastern region. Drastic collisions between the Indochina Block and South China continent took place since at least late Triassic, resulting in large-scale suturing and deformation zones. At the westernmost part of the northern SCS, the intracontinental amalgamation with closure of the Meso-Tethys has caused fairly stronger and broader metamorphism. One metamorphic biotite granite is located on the suturing belt and yields a Precambrian U-Pb age. It likely represents the relict from the ancient Gondwana supercontinent or its fringes. Arc-continental collision between the Paleo-Pacific and the southeast China Block, on the other hand, results in a relatively narrow NE–SW trending metamorphic belt during the late Mesozoic. Within the overall geological setting, the Cenozoic SCS oceanic basin was subsequently generated from a series of rifting and faulting processes along the collisional-accretionary continental margin.  相似文献   

Reconstructing rates and patterns of colluvial soil redistribution in agrarian (hummocky) landscapes     

W.M. van der Meij  T. Reimann  V.K. Vornehm  A.J.A.M. Temme  J. Wallinga  R. van Beek  M. Sommer 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2019,44(12):2408-2422

Humans have triggered or accelerated erosion processes since prehistoric times through agricultural practices. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) is widely used to quantify phases and rates of the corresponding landscape change, by measuring the last moment of daylight exposure of sediments. However, natural and anthropogenic mixing processes, such as bioturbation and tillage, complicate the use of OSL as grains of different depositional ages become mixed, and grains become exposed to light even long after the depositional event of interest. Instead, OSL determines the stabilization age, indicating when sediments were buried below the active mixing zone. These stabilization ages can cause systematic underestimation when calculating deposition rates. Our focus is on colluvial deposition in a kettle hole in the Uckermark region, northeastern Germany. We took 32 samples from five locations in the colluvium filling the kettle hole to study both spatial and temporal patterns in colluviation. We combined OSL dating with advanced age modelling to determine the stabilization age of colluvial sediments. These ages were combined with an archaeological reconstruction of historical ploughing depths to derive the levels of the soil surface at the moment of stabilization; the deposition depths, which were then used to calculate unbiased deposition rates. We identified two phases of colluvial deposition. The oldest deposits (~5 ka) were located at the fringe of the kettle hole and accumulated relatively slowly, whereas the youngest deposits (<0.3 ka) rapidly filled the central kettle hole with rates of two orders of magnitude higher. We suggest that the latter phase is related to artificial drainage, facilitating accessibility in the central depression for agricultural practices. Our results show the need for numerical dating techniques that take archaeological and soil-geomorphological information into account to identify spatiotemporal patterns of landscape change, and to correctly interpret landscape dynamics in anthropogenically influenced hilly landscapes. © 2019 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  相似文献   

星子牛屎墩韧性剪切带的特征及其意义          下载免费PDF全文

杨帆  宋传中  任升莲  李加好  韩建军  刘国厅 《地质科学》2016,(3):732-747

出露于鄱阳湖小岛的星子牛屎墩剪切带是一条小型的、北北东向延伸的走滑韧性剪切带,野外和显微镜下的观察和分析表明其为左行剪切。镜下石英和长石的显微构造特征及二长石温度计计算获得剪切带的变形温度为504℃～530℃。锆石U-Pb年龄测试得到剪切带的走滑活动时代为中侏罗世,属于太平洋构造域,推测与郯庐断裂带为同期的构造产物, 是郯庐断裂系的一部分,代表中生代深部基底的走滑活动特征,而该基底韧性剪切带出露地表是受庐山变质核杂岩隆升作用的结果。  相似文献   

大兴安岭下嘎来奥伊铅锌矿床钾长花岗岩的岩石成因及地质意义     

余长胜  杨言辰  韩世炯  杨昆林  宋朝阳  张易航  王旺 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(4):1042-1058

下嘎来奥伊铅锌矿床位于黑龙江省西北部,大地构造位于额尔古纳地块额木尔山隆起带南缘与大兴安岭火山岩带北缘接合部位的西段。研究区广泛分布大面积不同期次侵入岩,矿体产于中酸性浅成侵入岩及其与大理岩接触带——矽卡岩带中。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,下嘎来奥伊钾长花岗岩成岩年龄为（168.9±2.1）、（165.9±2.1） Ma,认为其成矿时代为中侏罗世。元素地球化学测试结果显示,下嘎来奥伊钾长花岗岩属于准铝质-弱过铝质碱性系列;岩石具有高Si、K、碱和贫Al质量分数的特征;A/CNK值为0.97~1.02;锆石饱和温度介于760~851℃之间,平均温度为811℃,具A型花岗岩特征;稀土元素特征表现为轻稀土富集、重稀土相对亏损,富集大离子亲石元素（Rb、K）和高场强元素（Th、U、Zr、Hf）,亏损高场强元素（P、Ti、Nb、Ta）,具Eu负异常（δEu值为0.01~0.27）。下嘎来奥伊钾长花岗岩w（Sr）=（13.20~62.80）×10^-6,平均值为38.95×10^-6,w（Yb）=（2.44~7.81）×10^-6,平均值为4.50×10^-6,属于低Sr高Yb质量分数型花岗岩。结合区域大地构造背景及相关研究认为,矿区钾长花岗岩的形成与中侏罗世蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合所形成的伸展环境密切相关。  相似文献