我国农村生活能源中SO₂、 NO_X及TSP的排放量估算   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

虞江萍  崔萍  王五一 《地理研究》2008,27(3):547-555

根据2004年我国不同省、市、自治区农村生活用能源的消耗量和不同燃料的污染物排放因子,估算了我国农村生活能源利用过程中的SO₂、NO_X、TSP排放量,并给出了分省区的排放清单和各省区不同燃料对三种污染物的贡献率,探讨了各地农村污染物排放量的影响因素。结果表明:全国农村生活能源所排放的SO₂达530万吨,NO_X 72万吨,TSP 390万吨。污染物排放以SO₂和TSP为主,且各省、市、区污染物的排放量差别明显;各地不同能源类型对各污染物的贡献率差别较大,SO₂主要来自燃煤,NO_X主要来自秸秆和薪柴的燃烧,TSP主要来自秸秆的燃烧;农村生活能源结构影响其污染物排放。  相似文献   

就医空间可达性分析的两步移动搜索法——以江苏省东海县为例   总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3  

胡瑞山  董锁成  胡浩 《地理科学进展》2012,31(12):1600-1607

精确评价医疗设施可达性的空间分异样状况是合理配置医疗资源的前提。本文在回顾国内外关于医疗空间可达性研究的基础上, 采用两步移动搜索法, 以江苏省贫困县--东海县为案例, 以行政村和医院为分析单元, 基于迪卡斯特拉算法计算出各村到医院(卫生院)的最短通行时间, 进而分析各村医疗空间可达性分异情况。采用不用服务时间阈值范围进行空间敏感性分析, 综合研判缺医地区分布特点。与传统的医卫人员和人口比值的方法相比, 两步移动搜索法能有效显示县域范围内医疗可达性的空间分异情况。采用较大的时间阈值, 医疗空间可达性分异较为平滑, 采用较小服务阈值则空间分异显著, 缺医范围也较大。东海县医疗空间可达性整体呈单核结构, 并沿主要交通线延伸, 缺医地区多分布于边缘乡镇。提高边缘乡镇的行政村的甲级卫生院等级和乡村道路等级将会改善边缘乡镇的就医可达性。  相似文献   

协同多源遥感数据的北亚热带森林蓄积量贝叶斯分层估测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林文科  陆亚刚  蒋先蝶  李桂英  李登秋  陆灯盛 《遥感学报》2022,26(3):468-479

精确估算森林蓄积量是国家实现2060年前碳中和目标的迫切需求,而基于遥感的森林蓄积量定量反演是当前遥感应用领域面临的重要挑战和研究热点.光学遥感数据由于无法获取森林高度信息并存在信号饱和问题,反演森林蓄积量的精度较低,而机载Lidar数据能获取高度信息,但成本高、观测范围有限.本研究利用Sentinel-2多光谱、资源...  相似文献   

Evaluation and Optimization of a Novel Immobilized Photoreactor for the Degradation of Gaseous Toluene          下载免费PDF全文

Morteza Jafarikojour  Morteza Sohrabi  Sayed Javid Royaee  Armineh Hassanvand 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2015,43(5):662-670

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Simulation of Nitrous Oxide Emission and Mineralized Nitrogen under Different Straw Retention Conditions Using a Denitrification–Decomposition Model          下载免费PDF全文

Can Chen  Deli Chen  Shu Kee Lam 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2015,43(4):577-583

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陆相页岩非晶态二氧化硅定量分析新方法探索   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘国恒  高潇玉  陈常超 《高校地质学报》2015,21(3):471

通过扫描电镜观察和全岩矿物X衍射实验图谱分析发现,鄂尔多斯盆地延长组页岩中含有一定量的非晶态二氧化 硅。现有的三种计算非晶态二氧化硅含量的方法都有一定的缺陷：化学溶解方法分析周期长、且对其他矿物有一定程度的 溶解;X衍射定量分析法需要计算非晶态二氧化硅衍射图谱上圆丘散射曲线的积分强度,人为误差较高;增量法标样难以 配制,而且误差较高。在总结前人研究的基础上,提出了X衍射与微区矿物定量分析相结合的方法来解决计算多相体系中 非晶态二氧化硅含量这一问题。该方法避开了前人所提出方法的缺点,分别计算得到了结晶态石英含量与二氧化硅含量, 从而间接计算出非晶态二氧化硅含量,然而超高的实验成本也成为该方法在现阶段难以普及的主要原因。  相似文献   

A sediment fluxes investigation for the 2-D modelling of large river morphodynamics     

《Advances in water resources》2015

A complete understanding of alluvial-bed dynamics is desirable for evaluating a variety of issues related to water resources.Sediment fluxes were investigated in a bifurcation of the large Parana River near Rosario, Argentina. The backscatter estimations from the Doppler profilers provided the suspended load of the sediment forming the riverbed. An echo-sounder was applied to track the dunes yielding the bed-load estimation.Aiming to show the usefulness of the recorded data, a 2-D numerical code was applied to the 10-km long and 2-km wide Rosario reach. The morphodynamic module was un-coupled from the hydrodynamics assessment, which enabled the long-term prediction of the river morphology accounting for the hydrological yearly variation with a quasi-steady approach.Numerical experiments were performed to test the sensitivity of the hydrodynamic model to the computational time-step and mesh size, to test the un-coupling scheme performance regarding the full-dynamic modelling, to test the accuracy of the sediment transport formulae based on the field evidence and, finally, to provide guidance to properly fix the model parameters.  相似文献   

巴基斯坦达尔巴丁(Dalbandin）地震前观测到的电离层foF2异常变化     

穆罕默德?伊尔凡  阿夫塔?阿拉姆  默罕默德?朱奈德  默罕默德?埃亚茨?阿明  达拉?伊克巴尔  黄辅琼 《中国地震研究》2015,29(4):567-575

电离层foF2变化对地震反应非常敏感,与地震有关的电离层扰动变化结果似乎非常有望用于地震短期预测。格林威治时间2011年1月18日20:23分,一次7.2级的大地震发生在巴基斯坦的达尔巴丁(28.73oＮ, 63.92oＥ）。本文研究中,我们必须利用架设在巴基斯坦的伊斯兰堡（33.78oN, 73.06oE）、玛尔坦（32.26oN,71.51oE）和卡拉奇（24.89oN,67.02oE）三个垂直探测台站获得的白天（08:00 a.m. - 05:00 p.m.）小时值数据找出地震前的foF2异常变化特征。结果显示,在达尔巴丁地震前几天,foF2出现了显著变化;并且距离震中最近的台站观测到的频率与幅度异常变化大于较远的位于孕震区边缘的台站。尽管地震异常特征显著,但增加其它电离层参数可以提高foF2异常的高置信度水平。  相似文献   

利用多分类器自适应级联模型的高分二号影像分类     

王耀  杨化超  王光辉  黄杰  王更  刘笑 《测绘通报》2017,(11):32-36

针对传统单一分类器分类效果不够理想,存在各自的不足,以及已有的多分类器级联模型不能根据待识别样本特征进行动态调整优化等问题,提出了一种基于多分类器自适应级联模型的遥感影像分类方法。该模型选取各类别最优分类器进行级联组合,以待识别样本在整体性能最优分类器的表现对类别最优分类器作出自适应调整,对高分辨率影像分割后的像斑对象输出类别信息。以杭州区域高分二号遥感影像进行分类试验,结果表明,本文方法相比于单一分类器及已有的级联模型具有更高的分类精度。  相似文献   

Response of western South American epeiric-neritic ecosystem to middle Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Events     

《Cretaceous Research》2017

Little is known about the impact of the mid-Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs) on the neritic carbonate systems in South America. In order to fill this knowledge gap, the present paper reports on the record of environmental changes in the Albian–Turonian neritic carbonates from the western South American domain in Peru. Owing to the very expanded and well-exposed sections in the Oyon region of central Peru, the OAE 1d and 2 intervals were sampled at high temporal resolution for both bulk micrite and bulk organic matter carbon isotopes, allowing us to compare the fingerprint of these two events between the northern and central Peruvian regions. This suggests the installation of two marked depositional modes: 1) the Albian–Turonian formation of a regional facies belt constituted by oyster-rich mixed siliciclastic-carbonate deposition along the western South America platform; 2) a restricted oligotrophic environment, characterized by the mass occurrence of Perouvianella peruviana and associated miliolids in central Peru during the late Cenomanian–Turonian. These observations advocate for the following scenario: Global warming during the late Albian–early Turonian resulted in humid climate on the western platform. This in turn caused enhanced chemical weathering rates on the Brazilian Shield, resulting in high runoff of nutrients onto the western platform. Nutrient runoff promoted the diversification of benthic oyster communities. Due to the uplift of the Marañon Massif and the installation of the Huarmey Trough, central Peru was isolated from the Pacific and from eastern deltaic influx of the Brazilian continental basement, allowing the local development of oligotrophic conditions during OAE 2. Furthermore, an increased influx of argillaceous sediment and reduced carbonate production is recorded in northern Peru at the onset of OAE 2, marked by a prominent negative shift in δ¹³C. This negative carbon-isotope excursion has also been identified in other sections in the Pacific domain and can be linked to an increase in isotopically light pCO₂ induced by the formation of the Caribbean large igneous province.  相似文献