城市次级河流污染源勘查及探讨     

孔祥玲  欧斌  孙睿英 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(5)

随着经济高速发展和城市的快速扩张,城市河道污染问题越来越严重,已经影响到人们的正常生产生活;城市河流污染治理已列入政府工作日程.文中结合某城市次级河流入河排污口污染源勘查工作,对排水管线污染源头进行了追踪调查和测量,并以GIS对成果进行直观展示,为城市管理者规划提供技术支持.  相似文献   

Sr and Nd isotopes as tracers in pedogenic studies: Evidence for Saharan dust contribution to the soils of Muravera (Sardinia,Italy)     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2015,75(3):301-315

Sr and Nd isotopes were applied to 5 soil profiles from the Muravera area, in south-eastern Sardinia.All the soils, which have developed during the Quaternary on the Lower Paleozoic metamorphic basement except for one on Eocene carbonates, are located far from major sources of pollution. Therefore, they are suitable for testing pedogenic processes and geochemical evolution to benefit for environmental studies.The Sr isotopic ratios range largely (δ⁸⁷Sr = 1.7–65.9‰), even in each soil profile. In particular, the observed increase of δ⁸⁷Sr with depth in the most of the metamorphic rock-based soils can be accounted for by the downward decrease of Sr contributions from organic matter and Saharan dust, both displaying lower isotopic ratios than the soil bedrocks. The carbonate rock-based soil exhibits δ⁸⁷Sr higher (1.7–18.1‰) than the bedrock, indicating a significant contribution of radiogenic Sr from the siliciclastic fraction of the soil, and probably from dust input. The Nd isotopic ratios are slightly variable through the profiles (ɛ_Nd from −7.8 to −14.5), confirming little mobility of Nd and Sm during the pedogenesis. Among the minerals present in the soils, phosphates, albite, and calcite are those important in providing low radiogenic Sr and Nd to organic matter of the soils.Lastly, this isotopic study has in particular allowed for evaluating the potential proportion of contribution of Saharan dust to south-eastern Sardinia, thus corroborating the findings of other studies related to soils from the central-western Mediterranean.  相似文献   

越南东北部佐田铅锌矿床硫化物S、Pb同位素特征及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王东升  刘俊来  Tran Mydung  郭强 《地质通报》2015,34(4):757-768

越南东北部佐田(Cho Dien)铅锌矿床分布在北太省(Bac thai)西部则屯西北,属于华南褶皱系越北隆起区。为了探讨该矿床的成矿物质来源和成矿机制,对该矿床的矿石样品进行了S、Pb同位素组成分析。结果表明,5件样品的11种金属硫化物(闪锌矿、磁黄铁矿、方铅矿)的δ34S值为4.1‰~6.8‰,平均值为5.51‰,极差为2.7‰,显示S同位素组成比较稳定,经计算热液的δ34S值约为7‰。11种金属硫化物样品的206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb和208Pb/204Pb变化范围分别为18.451~18.682、15.685~15.878、38.909~39.636,平均值分别为18.59855、15.78227和39.30773,矿石矿物μ值为9.36~9.98,平均值为9.80,ω值为39.04~42.63,平均值为40.79。Th/U值为3.92~4.13,平均值为4.03。结果表明,佐田铅锌矿床的硫主要来自沉积围岩及三叠纪的Phia Bioc杂岩,矿石铅主要来自上地壳物质,也有地幔物质的加入。综合上述成果及已有数据认为,佐田铅锌矿是在特提斯成矿域早三叠世碰撞环境下形成的,板块碰撞过程中形成的Phia Bioc花岗岩体为矿床的形成提供了一定的物质基础,属热液型矿床。  相似文献   

氮同位素研究城市湖泊沉积物有机质来源和迁移过程——以北京为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭庆军  王春雨  朱光旭  PETERS Marc  杨俊兴  魏荣菲  田丽艳  韩晓昆 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2015,(3)

城市湖泊是陆地水圈的重要组成部分,与人类活动关系极为密切。然而城市发展导致城市湖泊富营养化愈发严重,湖泊生态环境问题引起了广泛关注。本文研究了2012年至2013年间北京城区12个公园湖泊表层沉积物的有机氮同位素组成、碳氮比值、总有机氮和总有机碳含量的分布情况,探讨表层沉积物生产力状态、沉积物的有机质来源定性与定量分析、湖泊营养输入程度和过程等。研究表明,后海及群明湖等的有机碳、氮含量较其他公园湖泊的高,土壤和污水有机质等对湖泊沉积物的贡献突出,表明这些湖泊初级生产力及营养程度高,具有一定的富营养化风险;各个湖泊的分布位置、周围环境以及管理方式导致了其生产力、营养状况及有机质来源的差异,应该分别从控制水土流失、减少污水输入、及时清洁水面上的浮游植物与枯枝落叶等多方面着手进行,减少湖泊环境污染风险,保持湖泊环境生态平衡。本研究为了解城市湖泊环境有机质来源和过程、湖泊现代环境的管理和防治,提供可靠的研究方法和评价体系。  相似文献   

Noise characteristics of an electromagnetic sea-ice thickness sounder on a fixed wing aircraft     

Lasse Rabenstein  Stefan HendricksJohn Lobach  Christian Haas 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2011,75(1):87-98

In this paper, the noise sources of an airborne electromagnetic frequency domain instrument used to measure sea-ice thickness are studied. The antennas are mounted on the wings of an aircraft. The paper presents real data examples showing that strong noise limited the accuracy of the thickness measurement to ± 0.5 m in the best case. Even drift cor­rection and frequency ?ltering did not reduce the noise to a level necessary for sea ice thickness measurements with an accuracy of 0.1 m. We show results of 3D ?nite element modeling of the coupling between transmitter and receiver coils and the aircraft, which indicate that wing ?exure is the primary cause of the strong noise. Wing de?ection angles below 5° relative to the fuselage are large enough to cause changes higher than the wanted signal from the seawater under the ice. Wing ?exure noise can be divided into an inductive and geometric contribution, both of the same order. Most of the wing ?exure signal appears on the inphase component only, hence the quadrature component should be taken for sea ice thickness retrievals when wing ?exure is present even when the inphase produces a larger ocean sig­nal. Results also show that pitch and roll movements of the aircraft and electromagnetic coupling between seawater and aircraft can contribute signi?cantly to the total noise. For ?ight heights of 30 m over the ocean these effects can change the sig­nal by about 10% or more. For highly quantitative measurements like sea-ice thickness all these effects must be taken into account. We conclude that a ?xed wing electromagnetic instrument for the purpose of measure­ments in a centimeter scale must include instrumentation to measure the relative position of the antenna coils with an accuracy of 1/10 mm. Furthermore the antenna separation distance should be as large as possible in order to increase the measured ratio of secondary to primary magnetic field strength.  相似文献   

九龙江河口沉积物重金属污染评价   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

林彩  林辉  陈金民  陈维芬  林力斌  暨卫东 《海洋科学》2011,35(8):11-17

选择九龙江河口水域的沉积物为对象,以地质累计指数法、生态危害指数法对该水域沉积物重金属的污染程度及潜在生态危害进行评价,并利用主成分分析法分析其可能的来源。地质累积指数结果表明,九龙江河口水域沉积物中Zn、Cr均属无污染,大部分站位的Cu、Pb、Hg、As为无污染或轻度污染,大部分站位的Cd则为轻度或中度污染：生态危害...  相似文献   

Effects of nitrogen specification and culture method on growth of Enteromorpha prolifera     

���ƽ  ������ 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(4):874-882

Eutrophication, which is the enrichment of a water mass with inorganic and organic nutrients that support plant growth, is a key factor in stimulating phytoplankton growth. In this study, we determined the effects of various nitrogen sources, different nitrogen concentrations in the culture medium, and two culture methods on the growth of the green alga, Enteromorpha prolifera. The relationship between the specific growth rate of E. prolifera and NO3--N concentration was consistent with that estimated using the Monod equation (R2 = 0.9713, P < 0.01). In the NO3--N medium, the maximum specific growth rate was calculated to be 0.1634/d and the semi-saturation constant was calculated to be 16.86 μmol/L. Our results show that E. prolifera can effectively utilize NH4+-N, NO3--N, and NO2--N and urea-N in the range of 5 to 50 μmol/L. NH4+-N was preferentially assimilated by E. prolifera, and urea-N was favorable for long-term growth.  相似文献   

The Sora porphyry Cu-Mo deposit (Kuznetsk Alatau): magmatism and effect of mantle plume on the development of ore-magmatic system     

A.P. Berzina  A.N. Berzina  V.O. Gimon 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2011,52(12):1553-1562

Several complexes are recognized within the Sora porphyry Cu-Mo deposit: plutonogenic, porphyry (ore-bearing), and dike. They formed since Ordovician till Devonian at the collision, postcollisional, and rift stages of the regional evolution, respectively. Magmatism was manifested at the deposit synchronously with intraplate magmatism, which was widespread within Kuznetsk Alatau and was initiated by the Altai–Sayan mantle plume. In structural position and geochemical characteristics the dike complex is similar to the intraplate complexes in adjacent regions. It formed after the development of the Sora ore-magmatic system including the plutonogenic and porphyry complexes with similar geochemistry and metallogeny. According to the models for the relationship of mantle plumes with ore-magmatic systems, the plutonogenic and porphyry complexes of the Sora deposit developed at the stage of the thermal plume effect on lithosphere, which caused its melting and, as a result, calc-alkalic magmatism. A change of the collision and postcollisional geodynamic regime by the rift one favored the ascent of plume melts, which then participated in the formation of intraplate structures, in particular, the dike complex of the Sora deposit.  相似文献   

Isotopy of lead from the Sora porphyry Cu-Mo magmatic center (Kuznetsk Alatau)     

A.P. Berzina  A.N. Berzina  V.O. Gimon  R.Sh. Krymskii 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2011,52(5):493-502

  相似文献   

Carbon distribution and fluxes of 16 rivers discharging into the Bohai Sea in summer   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

XIA Bin  ZHANG Longjun 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(3):43-54

Riverine carbon input is closely related to the inshore aquatic environment,the marine carbon pool and climate change.Samples were synchronously obtained from 16 rivers discharging into the Bohai Sea (China) in 1-5 July 2005.The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations of the 16 rivers were mainly controlled by anthropogenic activities.The particulate organic carbon (POC) of the Haihe,Luanhe,Ziyaxinhe,Chaobaixinhe,Xiaoqinghe,Xiaolinghe,Duliujianhe,Jiyunhe,and Majiahe Rivers mainly originated from pollu...  相似文献