全文获取类型
收费全文 | 99篇 |
免费 | 23篇 |
国内免费 | 9篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 9篇 |
大气科学 | 16篇 |
地球物理 | 39篇 |
地质学 | 26篇 |
海洋学 | 11篇 |
天文学 | 4篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
自然地理 | 21篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 3篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 1篇 |
2015年 | 1篇 |
2014年 | 2篇 |
2013年 | 2篇 |
2012年 | 3篇 |
2011年 | 3篇 |
2010年 | 9篇 |
2009年 | 5篇 |
2008年 | 5篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 3篇 |
2005年 | 6篇 |
2004年 | 3篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有131条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
港口作为海陆运输的节点,是一个城市和国家的重要门户,对推动经济发展和对外贸易有着不可忽视的作用。基于国家提出的"一带一路"建设,评估环渤海港口的发展优势,逐步实现从沿海、沿江开放向内陆延伸具有重要意义。文章选取环渤海港口中的大连、天津、唐山、丹东、营口、锦州、秦皇岛、黄骅、日照、青岛、威海和烟台共12个港口进行发展优势对比。从港口吞吐量、港口规模范围、港口城市及腹地、港口未来发展4个方面构建环渤海港口优势评价体系。并利用熵权-TOPSIS法进行深入的实证分析。结果表明,环渤海港口群港口发展优势水平悬殊,基本可以分为4个档次。基于此,环渤海各港口应合理准确定位,通过错位发展和协同合作等方式谋求共赢。 相似文献
2.
The comprehensive evaluation of China's urbanization and effects on resources and environment 总被引:11,自引:3,他引:8
This paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system for the urbanization level in China in terms of four aspects
of urbanization connotation: population, economy, society, and land. A comprehensive measurement is carried out for the Chinese
urbanization between 1981 and 2006 based on the Entropy method. The results show that the comprehensive level of urbanization
in China has a continuous increase with the major features of economic growth and a rapid evolution of the geographical landscape,
followed by population urbanization and then social urbanization of health care standard; the distinguished evolutional characteristics
can also be found in each of the subsystems. The integrated evolution of urbanization has a profound effect on the resources,
energy and the environment, making the land resources and energy security situation under severe pressure. The environment
pressure is also increased further. 相似文献
3.
基于分形维数和信息熵的土地利用景观格局变化研究——以西安市为例 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
信息熵和分形理论为研究地理学中系统的有序性和复杂结构现象的不稳定性提供了一条新途径,为研究土地利用景观格局变化提供了新的思路。以信息熵和分形理论为指导,在遥感和GIS技术支持下,对西安市土地利用景观格局演变的分形特征和信息熵进行分析,结果表明:1999-2008年,西安市土地利用景观结构趋于简单化,景观类型在空间上的稳定性逐渐增大;土地利用景观结构信息熵总体上呈逐渐下降趋势,即土地利用有序度逐渐上升,而无序度逐渐降低。 相似文献
4.
Though entropy production is forbidden in standard FRW Cosmology, Berman and Som presented a simple inflationary model where
entropy production by bulk viscosity, during standard inflation without ad hoc pressure terms can be accommodated with Robertson–Walker’s
metric, so the requirement that the early Universe be anisotropic is not essential in order to have entropy growth during
inflationary phase, as we show. Entropy also grows due to shear viscosity, for the anisotropic case. The intrinsically inflationary
metric that we propose can be thought of as defining a polarized vacuum, and leads directly to the desired effects without
the need of introducing extra pressure terms. 相似文献
5.
分析了1994年4月19~20日春季暴雨主要是由对流层中低层低涡和地面静止锋共同作用的结果,侧重于对低空急流的形成与变动和熵平衡方程的诊断分析,能量场与该次暴雨有很好的相关性 相似文献
6.
Selecting the correct resolution in distributed hydrological modelling at the watershed scale is essential in reducing scale-related errors. The work presented herein uses information content (entropy) to identify the resolution which captures the essential variability, at the watershed scale, of the infiltration parameters in the Green and Ampt infiltration equation. A soil map of the Little Washita watershed in south-west Oklahoma, USA was used to investigate the effects of grid cell resolution on the distributed modelling of infiltration. Soil-derived parameters and infiltration exhibit decreased entropy as resolutions become coarser. This is reflected in a decrease in the maximum entropy value for the reclassified/derived parameters vis a vis the original data. Moreover, the entropy curve, when plotted against resolution, shows two distinct segments: a constant section where no entropy was lost with decreasing resolution and another part which is characterized by a sharp decrease in entropy after a critical resolution of 1209 m is reached. This methodology offers a technique for assessing the largest cell size that captures the spatial variability of infiltration parameters for a particular basin. A geographical information system (GIS) based rainfall-runoff model is used to simulate storm hydrographs using infiltration parameter maps at different resolutions as inputs. Model results up to the critical resolution are reproducible and errors are small. However, at resolutions beyond the critical resolution the results are erratic with large errors. A major finding of this study is that a large resolution (1209 m for this basin) yields reproducible model results. When modelling a river basin using a distributed model, the resolution (grid cell size) can drastically affect the model results and calibration. The error structure attributable to grid cell resolution using entropy as a spatial variability measure is shown. 相似文献
7.
Wenjun Yong E. Dachs A. C. Withers E. J. Essene 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2008,155(2):137-146
The low-temperature heat capacity (C
p) of Si-wadeite (K2Si4O9) synthesized with a piston cylinder device was measured over the range of 5–303 K using the heat capacity option of a physical
properties measurement system. The entropy of Si-wadeite at standard temperature and pressure calculated from the measured
heat capacity data is 253.8 ± 0.6 J mol−1 K−1, which is considerably larger than some of the previous estimated values. The calculated phase transition boundaries in the
system K2O–Al2O3–SiO2 are generally consistent with previous experimental results. Together with our calculated phase boundaries, seven multi-anvil
experiments at 1,400 K and 6.0–7.7 GPa suggest that no equilibrium stability field of kalsilite + coesite intervenes between
the stability field of sanidine and that of coesite + kyanite + Si-wadeite, in contrast to previous predictions. First-order
approximations were undertaken to calculate the phase diagram in the system K2Si4O9 at lower pressure and temperature. Large discrepancies were shown between the calculated diagram compared with previously
published versions, suggesting that further experimental or/and calorimetric work is needed to better constrain the low-pressure
phase relations of the K2Si4O9 polymorphs.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
8.
从产业环境、产业规模和产业效益3个维度构建综合评价指标体系,运用熵值法对中国2012—2018年省域尺度电影产业进行综合评价,运用GIS空间分析技术和地理探测器模型,分析其时空演变规律和影响因素。结果表明:1)2012—2018年中国电影产业发展整体水平不高,但发展速度显著提高,“T”字型空间结构逐渐形成,其发展空间格局与经济发展格局趋同性特征显著;2)电影产业的发展环境进一步优化,空间格局整体呈现东、西部地区高,中部地区低的“凹”字型特征;3)电影产业规模上升较快,形成东部发达地区高于中西部地区的格局;4)产业效益增长显著,空间分布东南高、西北低的格局逐步明晰;5)电影产业发展水平省际之间差异大,均衡化演变趋势逐渐显著,影片制作发行和票房收入是导致省级电影产业指数差异大的主要原因;6)电影产业的发展及其时空演变是以经济和对外开放程度因素驱动为主,人口、政策、文化等因素共同作用的结果。 相似文献
9.
We show how the Yarkovsky effect can be understood as a heat engine. The output of the engine, manifested in the rate of change in semimajor axis of the body, has a maximum at an intermediate heat capacity, depending on the rotation rate of the body. This maximum arises because the work output depends on the product of the solar heat absorbed by the body and transported from its morning to evening side (this am-pm heat flux increases with heat capacity) and the Carnot efficiency (which declines with heat capacity). 相似文献
10.
P. Bogaert D. Fasbender 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2007,21(6):695-709
In spite of the exponential growth in the amount of data that one may expect to provide greater modeling and predictions opportunities,
the number and diversity of sources over which this information is fragmented is growing at an even faster rate. As a consequence,
there is real need for methods that aim at reconciling them inside an epistemically sound theoretical framework. In a statistical
spatial prediction framework, classical methods are based on a multivariate approach of the problem, at the price of strong
modeling hypotheses. Though new avenues have been recently opened by focusing on the integration of uncertain data sources,
to the best of our knowledges there have been no systematic attemps to explicitly account for information redundancy through
a data fusion procedure. Starting from the simple concept of measurement errors, this paper proposes an approach for integrating
multiple information processing as a part of the prediction process itself through a Bayesian approach. A general formulation
is first proposed for deriving the prediction distribution of a continuous variable of interest at unsampled locations using
on more or less uncertain (soft) information at neighboring locations. The case of multiple information is then considered,
with a Bayesian solution to the problem of fusing multiple information that are provided as separate conditional probability
distributions. Well-known methods and results are derived as limit cases. The convenient hypothesis of conditional independence
is discussed by the light of information theory and maximum entropy principle, and a methodology is suggested for the optimal
selection of the most informative subset of information, if needed. Based on a synthetic case study, an application of the
methodology is presented and discussed. 相似文献