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利用遥感技术对大气环境污染进行监测时，云是影响痕量气体反演精度的重要因素，因此在痕量气体反演中需要对云的影响进行校正，通常使用的云参数主要是有效云量和云压。本文基于O2-O2 477 nm吸收波段构建了O2-O2云反演算法：首先，根据有效云量和云高与连续反射率和O2-O2斜柱浓度之间的对应关系，结合假定的云模型利用VLIDORT辐射传输模型建立关于有效云量和云压的查找表；然后，通过差分吸收光谱技术拟合卫星载荷观测的大气层顶辐射，获得O2-O2斜柱浓度并计算连续反射率；最后，结合辅助数据，根据查找表进行插值反演获得有效云量和云压。通过将算法应用到OMI观测数据，将反演结果与OMCLDO2产品进行对比验证，有效云量和云压空间分布一致，相关系数R均超过0.97；并还将该算法应用于下一代大气成分监测仪器TROPOMI，与FRESCO+产品对比，有效云量和云压空间分布基本一致，当地表类型为海洋时，有效云量相关系数R大于0.97，云压相关系数R大于0.94，云压反演结果存在一定的区别；通过将O2-O2云反演算法和FRESCO+云压反演结果与CALIOP Cloud Layer产品进行对比，结果表明，在低云情况下，O2-O2云反演算法线性回归方程斜率为0.782，截距为198.0 hPa，相关系数R为0.850，算法表现优于FRESCO+。而在高云情况下，FRESCO+反演结果更接近CALIOP云压结果。在OMI和TROPOMI上的应用表明O2-O2云反演算法在大气云反演中具有较高的准确性和可行性，可以为大气痕量气体反演的校正提供云参数，并为中国同类型卫星载荷的云反演算法提供算法参考。 相似文献
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火山喷发产生的高浓度SO2气体及其远距离输送会对全球气候变化和航空飞行安全产生重要影响。卫星遥感技术以大面积连续观测、高时空分辨率等优势成为大气SO2监测的重要手段之一。作为中国第一颗紫外可见光波段的高光谱载荷,高分五号卫星大气痕量气体差分吸收光谱仪（GF-5 EMI）通过探测地球大气或表面反射、散射的紫外辐射来解析SO2总量的分布和变化。本文首先基于大气辐射传输模型SCIATRAN,选择中低纬地区地表类型均一的海洋区域像元,模拟了典型大气条件下的晴空天顶反照率,用以评价EMI载荷天顶观测光谱的精度。其次,基于TROPOMI L1 Radiance辐亮度数据和DOAS反演原理,经477 nm O4云筛选、光谱定标、慢变剔除、斜柱转垂直柱等步骤后,获得同一火山喷发区域的SO2总量反演结果并与TROPOMI官方offline L2 SO2产品进行对比分析。最后,利用GF-5 EMI UV-2通道观测数据,采用DOAS算法反演获得GF-5 EMI大气SO2总量,并将反演结果与国际同类载荷S5P/TROPOMI SO2总量结果进行比较分析,评判GF-5 EMI在全球火山活动SO2变化监测方面的能力。结果显示,300—400 nm波段范围内,海洋区域采样点EMI观测光谱值低于SCIATRAN模拟光谱值,EMI与TROPOMI观测光谱呈现出相似的系统性偏差。基于高空间高光谱分辨率的TROPOMI L1 Radiance辐亮度数据、315—327 nm、325—335 nm和360—390 nm共3个波段窗口、以及上述DOAS反演原理获得的SO2结果与TROPOMI官方发布的offline L2 SO2产品结果相关性较高,两者的相关系数可达到0.97—0.99,相对偏差在3%—9%。GF-5 EMI能够获取火山喷发SO2排放的时空分布特征,并与国际同类载荷TROPOMI反演结果具有较高的空间一致性,能够满足全球火山喷发监测、预警及其气候影响研究的应用需求。 相似文献
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气溶胶单次散射反照率SSA（Single Scattering Albedo）的卫星定量遥感对气候评估和大气污染治理均具有重要意义。搭载于S5P（Sentinel-5 Precursor）上的对流层监测仪（TROPOMI）具有目前同类卫星传感器中最优的空间分辨率。本文基于S5P/TROPOMI数据开展了中国东部地区的SSA反演研究。首先利用中国东部地区AERONET（Aerosol Robotic Network）站点数据对OPAC（Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds）气溶胶模型进行约束改进,构建了更为合适的气溶胶类型,并使用地基激光雷达（Lidar）预设相应气溶胶类型的垂直结构。然后使用辐射传输模型SCIATRAN构建查找表LUT（Look-Up Table）,将TROPOMI UVAI（Ultraviolet Absorbing Index）和MODIS AOD（Aerosol Optical Depth）数据联合输入反演气溶胶SSA数据。反演结果与地基站点数据对比,相关系数R2为0.61,均方根误差为0.05;和OMI SSA产品相比,总体趋势一致且具有空间连续性更好。基于TROPOMI的高分辨率SSA算法和数据将有助于中小尺度下气溶胶时空分布、光学特性等研究。 相似文献
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Fuying TANG Weihe WANG Fuqi SI Haijin ZHOU Yuhan LUO Dongshang YANG Yuanyuan QIAN 《大气科学进展》2023,40(6):1104-1116
The ultraviolet aerosol index(UVAI) is essential for monitoring the absorbing aerosols during aerosol events. UVAI depends on the absorbing aerosol concentration, the viewing geometry, and the temporal drift of radiometric sensitivity. To efficiently detect absorbing aerosols with the highest precision and to improve the accuracy of long-term UVAI estimates,the background UVAI must be examined through the UVAI retrieval. This study presents a statistical method that calculates the background val... 相似文献
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《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(2):101498
The United States is one of the world's leaders in electricity production, generating about 4116 billion kWh in 2021, of which coal accounted for 21.8% of the total. This study applies an integrated approach using both terrestrial and satellite data to specifically examine emissions from coal-fired power plants and its spatial extent. The study also highlights the effectiveness of government policies to reduce emissions. It was found that emission of pollutants from the country's energy sector has been steadily declining, with annual emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) decreasing from the US electric power sector between 1990 and 2020 by 93.4% and 84.8%, respectively, and carbon dioxide (CO2) by 37% between 2007 and 2020. Although overall emissions from coal-fired power plants are declining, some individual plants have yet to install environmental equipment to control emissions. According to US government data, major emitters of SO2, NOx, and CO2 in the US are the Martin Lake power plant in East Texas, the Labadie power plant near St. Louis, Missouri, and the James H Miller Jr plant near Birmingham, Alabama. This study also integrates TROPOMI satellite data to detect point emissions from individual power plants. While the highest levels of measured pollutants were over the country's major cities and areas of fossil fuel extraction, TROPOMI could clearly distinguish the pollution caused by power plants in more rural areas. Although the US has made great strides in reducing emissions from coal-fired power plants, these plants still represent a major source of pollution and remain a major concern. Totally eliminating coal as a power source will be difficult with the higher power demands resulting from the transition to electric automobiles. 相似文献
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Yanyu KANG Guiqian TANG Qihua LI Baoxian LIU Jianfeng CAO Qihou HU Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2021,38(7):1188-1196
Multiaxis differential absorption spectroscopy(MAX-DOAS) is a newly developed advanced vertical profile detection method, but the vertical nitrogen dioxide(NO_2) profiles measured by MAX-DOAS have not yet been fully verified. In this study, we perform MAX-DOAS and tower gradient observations to simultaneously acquire tropospheric NO_2 observations in the Beijing urban area from 1 April to 31 May 2019. The average values of the tropospheric NO_2 vertical column densities measured by MAX-DOAS and the tropospheric monitoring instrument are 15.8 × 10~(15) and 12.4 × 10~(15) molecules cm~(-2), respectively, and the correlation coefficient R reaches 0.87. The MAX-DOAS measurements are highly consistent with the tower-based in situ measurements, and the correlation coefficients R from the ground to the upper air are 0.89(60 m), 0.87(160 m), and 0.76(280 m). MAX-DOAS accurately measures the trend of NO_2 vertical profile changes,although a large underestimation occurs by a factor of two. By analyzing the NO_2 vertical profile, the NO_2 concentration reveals an exponential decrease with height. The NO_2 vertical profile also coincides with the evolution of the boundary layer height. The study shows that the NO_2 over Beijing mainly originates from local sources and occurs in the boundary layer, and its vertical evolution pattern has an important guiding significance to better understand nitrate production and ozone pollution. 相似文献
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Minqiang ZHOU Qichen NI Zhaonan CAI Bavo LANGEROCK Jingyi JIANG Ke CHE Jiaxin WANG Weidong NAN Yi LIU Pucai WANG 《大气科学进展》2023,40(2):223-234
Measurements of carbon dioxide(CO2), methane(CH4), and carbon monoxide(CO) are of great importance in the Qinghai-Tibetan region, as it is the highest and largest plateau in the world affecting global weather and climate systems. In this study, for the first time, we present CO2, CH4, and CO column measurements carried out by a Bruker EM27/SUN Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR) at Golmud(36.42°E, 94.91°N, 2808 m) in August 2021. The mean and... 相似文献
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