高层高强钢组合偏心支撑框架抗震性能简化分析          下载免费PDF全文

洪敏  秦瑞  王凤  高永国  高中南  李少华 《地震工程学报》2020,42(2):332-336

高强钢组合偏心支撑钢框架是一种新型的抗震结构体系,为分析其抗震性能,利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了简化分析模型。在验证该简化模型合理有效的基础上,建立了某十层算例的整体模型,施加竖向荷载的同时施加水平倒三角形循环荷载作用,进而分析了该算例的滞回性能。研究表明:本文提出的简化分析模型不仅可以较准确的模拟该结构体系的延性和抗侧刚度,还可以有效预测结构的变形分布和非线性性能。  相似文献   

顾及基准站坐标动态特性与稳定性的区域框架构建     

蒋光伟  王斌  王延伟  李康  孙洋洋 《地球物理学进展》2020,(1):8-15

基准站受构造运动与非线性因素的影响,如何构建高精度、现势性强的精细区域框架是位置服务与形变分析的的关键.笔者提出顾及基准站坐标动态特性与稳定性的区域框架构建方法.以我国西部与东部某城市的多年连续运行基准站数据为例进行试算比对,试验结果表明:该方法是可行的,较好地顾及了基准站的坐标特性与非线性影响,考虑了基准站的垂直运动规律,可构建高精度的区域基准,可发现区域基准的微动态变化.  相似文献   

双稀疏字典和FISTA的地震数据去噪          下载免费PDF全文

张良  韩立国  方金伟  张盼  刘争光 《地球物理学报》2019,62(7):2671-2683

地震数据的随机噪声去除是地震数据处理中的一项重要步骤，双稀疏字典提供了两层稀疏模型，比单层稀疏模型可以更好地去除噪声.该方法首先利用contourlet变换对地震数据进行稀疏表示，然后在contourlet域中使用快速迭代收缩阈值算法（fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm，FISTA）对初始字典系数进行更新，接着采用数据驱动紧标架（data-driven tight frame，DDTF）在contourlet域中得到DDTF字典并通过FISTA得到更新后的字典系数，最后通过DDTF字典和更新后的字典系数获得新的contourlet系数，并对新的contourlet系数进行硬阈值和contourlet反变换得到去噪后的数据.通过模拟数据和实际数据的实验证明：与固定基变换去噪方法相比，该方法可以自适应地对地震数据进行稀疏表示，在地震数据较为复杂时得到更高的信噪比；与字典学习去噪方法相比，该方法不仅拥有较快的去噪速度，而且克服了字典学习因为缺少先验约束造成瑕疵的缺点.  相似文献   

Nonlinear analysis of masonry structures using fiber-section line elements     

Matteo Peruch  Enrico Spacone  Guido Camata 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(12):1345-1364

For seismic analysis of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings characterized by a box-like behavior, a widely accepted model is based on the equivalent frame idealization of walls. The equivalent frame model uses 1D elements to represent the vertical piers and horizontal spandrels which are connected by rigid nodes. The mechanical characterization of the elements is one of the crucial aspects to predict reasonably the building seismic behavior. Through the comparison with pseudo-static and dynamic experimental tests performed on two-story full-scale buildings, this paper validates the frame modeling in the OpenSees framework, which includes a fiber-section force-based beam element for the axial-flexural behavior, coupled with a cyclic shear-deformation phenomenological law.  相似文献   

Intercomparison of measurements of bulk snow density and water equivalent of snow cover with snow core samplers: Instrumental bias and variability induced by observers     

J. Ignacio López-Moreno  Leena Leppänen  Bartłomiej Luks  Ladislav Holko  Ghislain Picard  Alba Sanmiguel-Vallelado  Esteban Alonso-González  David C. Finger  Ali N. Arslan  Katalin Gillemot  Aynur Sensoy  Arda Sorman  M. Cansaran Ertaş  Steven R. Fassnacht  Charles Fierz  Christoph Marty 《水文研究》2020,34(14):3120-3133

Manually collected snow data are often considered as ground truth for many applications such as climatological or hydrological studies. However, there are many sources of uncertainty that are not quantified in detail. For the determination of water equivalent of snow cover (SWE), different snow core samplers and scales are used, but they are all based on the same measurement principle. We conducted two field campaigns with 9 samplers commonly used in observational measurements and research in Europe and northern America to better quantify uncertainties when measuring depth, density and SWE with core samplers. During the first campaign, as a first approach to distinguish snow variability measured at the plot and at the point scale, repeated measurements were taken along two 20 m long snow pits. The results revealed a much higher variability of SWE at the plot scale (resulting from both natural variability and instrumental bias) compared to repeated measurements at the same spot (resulting mostly from error induced by observers or very small scale variability of snow depth). The exceptionally homogeneous snowpack found in the second campaign permitted to almost neglect the natural variability of the snowpack properties and focus on the separation between instrumental bias and error induced by observers. Reported uncertainties refer to a shallow, homogeneous tundra-taiga snowpack less than 1 m deep (loose, mostly recrystallised snow and no wind impact). Under such measurement conditions, the uncertainty in bulk snow density estimation is about 5% for an individual instrument and is close to 10% among different instruments. Results confirmed that instrumental bias exceeded both the natural variability and the error induced by observers, even in the case when observers were not familiar with a given snow core sampler.  相似文献   

扩孔螺栓连接型消能梁段的力学模型及参数研究          下载免费PDF全文

张波  胡淑军  熊进刚  王雪飞  曾思智 《世界地震工程》2019,35(3):073-82

当前国家对建筑结构的抗震性能和震后功能恢复能力提出了更高要求。基于短剪切型消能梁段的受剪屈服特性和剪切扩孔型螺栓连接的受剪滑移性能，提出一种新型扩孔螺栓连接型消能梁段，可有效增大消能梁段的延性和耗能能力并同时减小消能梁段的损伤，使带扩孔螺栓连接型消能梁段的新型Y形偏心支撑结构更好地适应当前要求。采用有限元方法详细分析扩孔螺栓连接型消能梁段的滞回性能、破坏模式和耗能机理，由此得到其骨架曲线和力学模型，并阐述其力学模型的影响参数，为相应偏心支撑结构的设计和分析提供理论依据。  相似文献   

高墩大跨度刚构桥抗震加固有限元分析          下载免费PDF全文

倪国葳  刘倩  韩冰  葛毅佳  张梦芽  张洪建 《世界地震工程》2019,35(2):193-202

大跨刚构桥结构桥跨较长和受力复杂。为提高抗震性能，需要对加固前后的桥梁进行抗震性能研究。以某双肢薄壁型高墩大跨度刚构桥为背景，采用ANSYS程序APDL语言，对结构进行合理的参数选取、网格划分和边界约束，结合抗震等级和桥梁规范等有关规定，研究整体结构在地震作用下的变化规律。通过沿墩高方向获取节点的方法，确定在地震作用下，各节点的最大位移从下到上逐渐增大。选取桥墩双肢相同部位各节点进行横向比较，总结得出双肢薄壁桥墩具有平分荷载和延长寿命的特点。为提高桥梁整体抗震性能，采取联结桥墩增大截面的方式进行加固，对比加固前后两模型在同一地震作用下的结构响应，得出该方法在提高结构整体刚度方面，效果显著。  相似文献   

装配式钢筋混凝土框架节点抗震性能试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

杨洪渭  戎贤    张健新   《世界地震工程》2019,35(4):068-73

通过对2个新型装配式混凝土框架节点和1个现浇混凝土框架节点进行拟静力试验研究，对比分析装配式混凝土框架节点破坏特征、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化和耗能能力等指标。研究结果表明:新型装配式混凝土框架节点比普通现浇混凝土框架节点具有较好的滞回性能，较高的耗能能力以及较缓的刚度退化。在满足梁筋锚固长度要求的前提下，预制梁内钢端头长度增加使框架节点抗震性能稍有提高。装配部分后浇混凝土可以提高框架节点的承载能力和刚度。采用ABAQUS有限元软件对节点进行数值模拟，发现模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好。  相似文献   

基于连续帧间差分的抛弃式探头三维下沉运动处理方法研究     

陈振涛  刘凤  王晓蕾  罗文 《海洋技术学报》2018,(2):7-12

抛弃式探头由无人机装载,能够在较远目标区域和危险海域开展海洋水文环境剖面参数的测量。通过安装不同传感器,可以实现对温度、盐度的剖面测量,其深度的测量采用数学方法计算得到。针对双摄像机水箱实验获得的5个不同攻角实验结果,分析了常用的运动目标的检测方法,最终选择基于连续帧间差分法,确定探头的三维坐标位置,进而得到探头下沉运动的三维运动轨迹和速度曲线等信息。探头从水面释放后攻角在下沉过程中不断调整,改变运动姿态,同时伴随自身的旋转,抵消水平方向阻力作用,初始攻角产生的深度测量误差主要体现在加速过程,探头达到匀速运动后测量误差不变,在不考虑横流的情况下,探头最后以匀速垂直下落运动。  相似文献   

Exploration of remotely sensed forest structure and ultrasonic range sensor metrics to improve empirical snow models          下载免费PDF全文

Andrés Varhola  Nicholas C. Coops  Younes Alila  Markus Weiler 《水文研究》2014,28(15):4433-4448

Current methods to estimate snow accumulation and ablation at the plot and watershed levels can be improved as new technologies offer alternative approaches to more accurately monitor snow dynamics and their drivers. Here we conduct a meta‐analysis of snow and vegetation data collected in British Columbia to explore the relationships between a wide range of forest structure variables – obtained from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), hemispherical photography (HP) and Landsat Thematic Mapper – and several indicators of snow accumulation and ablation estimated from manual snow surveys and ultrasonic range sensors. By merging and standardizing all the ground plot information available in the study area, we demonstrate how LiDAR‐derived forest cover above 0.5 m was the variable explaining the highest percentage of absolute peak snow water equivalent (SWE) (33%), while HP‐derived leaf area index and gap fraction (45° angle of view) were the best potential predictors of snow ablation rate (explaining 57% of variance). This study reveals how continuous SWE data from ultrasonic sensors are fundamental to obtain statistically significant relationships between snow indicators and structural metrics by increasing mean r² by 20% when compared to manual surveys. The relationships between vegetation and spectral indices from Landsat and snow indicators, not explored before, were almost as high as those shown by LiDAR or HP and thus point towards a new line of research with important practical implications. While the use of different data sources from two snow seasons prevented us from developing models with predictive capacity, a large sample size helped to identify outliers that weakened the relationships and suggest improvements for future research. A concise overview of the limitations of this and previous studies is provided along with propositions to consistently improve experimental designs to take advantage of remote sensing technologies, and better represent spatial and temporal variations of snow. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献