盾构隧道下穿管道施工引起的管-土相互作用研究     

可文海  管凌霄  刘东海  邓建林  李科  徐长节 《岩土力学》2020,41(1):221-228

采用Loganathan公式研究了盾构隧道下穿管道施工引起的地下管道处土体竖向位移，利用考虑土中剪力传递的Pasternak模型模拟管-土相互作用，运用修正Vlasov模型中的迭代流程计算出Pasternak模型的关键参数——弹性系数k与剪切系数gs。将计算结果与已有文献结果及工程监测数据进行对比，深入分析了迭代求解k、gs值的Pasternak模型与传统模型的计算差异，并进一步研究了土中剪力、管道与隧道的夹角、土体弹性模量及隧道半径的变化对管-土相互作用的影响。研究结果表明：迭代求解的k、gs值能提升Pasternak模型的精确度；土中剪力对管道竖向位移计算值的影响可达15.3%；随着管道与隧道夹角的减小，管道的竖向位移增大、弯矩减小；土体弹性模量与隧道半径的增大均会增加管道的竖向位移和弯矩。  相似文献   

GIS‐based modelling of soil erosion processes using the modified‐MMF (MMMF) model in a large watershed having vast agro‐climatological differences          下载免费PDF全文

Pratiksha Jain  RAAJ Ramsankaran 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(10):2064-2076

The present study demonstrates a spatially distributed application of a field‐scale annual soil loss model, the modified‐MMF (MMMF), to a large watershed using hydrological routing techniques, remote sensing data and geospatial technologies. In this study, the MMMF model is implemented after incorporating the corrections suggested in recent literature along with appropriate modifications of the model to suit the agro‐climatological conditions prevailing in most parts of India. Sensitivity analysis carried out through an Average Linear Sensitivity approach indicates that the model outputs are highly sensitive to soil moisture (MS), bulk density (BD), effective hydraulic depth (EHD), ground cover (GC) and settling velocity for clay (VS_c). During calibration and validation, the performance evaluation statistics are mostly in the range of very good to satisfactory for both runoff and soil loss at the watershed outlet. Even spatial validation of the results of intermediate processes in the water phase and the sediment phase, although qualitative, seems to be reasonable and rational. Furthermore, the soil erosion severity analysis for different land‐uses existing in the watershed indicates that about 90% of the watershed area, especially that occupied by agricultural lands, is vulnerable to the long‐term effects of soil erosion. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

考虑黄土结构性和各向异性的修正剑桥模型     

张玉伟  翁效林  宋战平  谢永利 《岩土力学》2019,40(3):1030-1038

天然原状黄土具有结构性和各向异性，如何在本构模型中合理反映两者的影响成为模型模拟效果优劣的关键。基于修正剑桥模型，在 平面内引入结构性参数 反映天然黄土结构性，通过屈服面旋转的方法引入各向异性参数 反映天然黄土各向异性，模型硬化规律考虑了各向异性的影响，采用相关联流动法则，结合一致性条件推导了增量型应力?应变关系，建立了考虑黄土结构性和各向异性影响的修正剑桥模型。当不考虑结构性和各向异性时，模型退化为修正剑桥模型。模型共有8个参数，均可通过常规室内试验获得。选取天然原状黄土开展了三轴试验，试验结果与模型计算结果对比表明，考虑结构性和各向异性影响的修正剑桥模型模拟天然原状黄土的应力?应变特性效果优于修正剑桥模型。  相似文献   

Assessment of environmental flows under limited data availability: case study of the Acheloos River,Greece     

A. Efstratiadis  A. Tegos  A. Varveris  D. Koutsoyiannis 《水文科学杂志》2014,59(3-4):731-750

Abstract

The lower course of the Acheloos River is an important hydrosystem in Greece, heavily modified by a cascade of four hydropower dams upstream, which is now being extended by two more dams in the upper course. The design of the dams and hydropower facilities that are in operation has not considered any environmental criteria. However, in the last 50 years, numerous methodologies have been proposed to assess the negative impacts of such projects to both the abiotic and biotic environment, and to provide decision support towards establishing appropriate constraints on their operation, typically in terms of minimum flow requirements. In this study, seeking a more environmentally-friendly operation of the hydrosystem, we investigate the outflow policy from the most downstream dam, examining alternative environmental flow approaches. Accounting for data limitations, we recommend the basic flow method, which is parsimonious and suitable for Mediterranean rivers, whose flows exhibit strong variability across seasons. We also show that the wetted perimeter–discharge method, which is an elementary hydraulic approach, provides consistent results, even without using any flow data. Finally, we examine the adaptation of the proposed flow policy (including artificial flooding) to the real-time hydropower generation schedule, and the management of the resulting conflicts.