征田占地惜民生     

景志刚 《资源导刊(河南)》2019,(4)

<正>新世纪的工业化、城镇化浪潮,重塑着人们的生存环境和生活状态,却改变不了对土地的依赖。征地、拆迁、补偿、安置……这些关乎民生的字眼,不时登上头条,吸引公众眼球。一纸征地文告的背后,演绎着聚散离合的乡村故事,改写着千家万户的人生轨迹,影响着经济社会的深度变迁,也促使我们从历史的深处,追根溯源、品评得失、镜鉴后世。  相似文献   

Size-dependent responses of zooplankton to submerged macrophyte restoration in a subtropical shallow lake     

曾磊  贺锋  张义  刘碧云  代志刚  周巧红  吴振斌 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2018,(2)

To explore the size-dependent responses of zooplankton to submerged macrophyte restoration, we collected macrophyte, zooplankton and water quality samples seasonally from a subtropical shallow lake from 2010 to 2012. Special attention was given to changes in rotifers and crustaceans(cladocerans and copepods). The rotifers were grouped into three size classes(200 μm, 200 μm–400 μm, 400 μm) to explore their size-related responses to macrophyte restoration. The results showed that during the restoration, the annual mean biomass and macrophyte coverage increased significantly from 0 to 637 g/m~2 and 0 to 27%, respectively. In response, the density and biomass of crustaceans and the crustacean-to-rotifer ratio increased significantly, while the rotifer density decreased significantly. Moreover, rotifers showed significant sizedependent responses to macrophyte restoration. Specially, rotifers 400 μm were significantly suppressed, while those ≥400 μm were significantly encouraged. Overall, the population of large-sized zooplankton tended to boom, while that of small rotifers was inhibited during macrophyte restoration. Redundancy analysis(RDA) revealed positive correlations between macrophytes and crustaceans, rotifers and COD or Chl-a, but negative correlations between macrophytes and COD or Chl-a, and between crustaceans and Chl-a. Moreover, the results indicate that increased predation on phytoplankton by large-sized zooplankton might be an important mechanism for macrophyte restoration during development of aquatic ecosystems, and that this mechanism played a very important role in promoting the formation of a clear-water state in subtropical shallow lakes.  相似文献   

东太平洋海隆13°N表层含金属沉积物物质组成与元素赋存状态     

荣坤波  曾志刚  武力  李康 《海洋科学》2018,42(7):70-79

为了解不同类型含金属沉积物在物质组成和元素赋存状态的差异,对东太平洋海隆13°N洋中脊两侧表层含金属沉积物(站号:E271和E53)进行了矿物学、地球化学分析,顺序提取实验,并与前人对轴部表层沉积物(站号:17A-EPR-TVG1)的研究结果作了对比分析。研究结果表明, E271和E53是远端含金属沉积物,由非浮力热液羽状流中颗粒物沉降所形成的;17A-EPR-TVG1沉积物是近喷口含金属沉积物,由黑烟囱或者热液硫化物丘状体崩塌、堆积,或者由热液羽状流中Fe-Mn氧化物和硫化物快速沉淀而形成的,近喷口沉积物比远端沉积物更富集Fe、Cu和Zn等元素。元素在两种含金属沉积物中的赋存状态基本相同,除了Fe,Cu,Zn,Mo和稀土元素(REE)等元素在远端沉积物中主要存在于Fe-Mn氧化物相,在近喷口沉积物中主要在残留相中。远端沉积物中REE页岩标准化配分模式与海水相似,表明REE主要来自海水,而近喷口沉积物中REE配分模式与热液流体相似,说明REE以高温热液流体来源为主。相关研究结果加深了对热液沉积作用研究的认识。  相似文献   

模拟积水深度下若尔盖高原木里薹草叶片的生理生态特征     

马骁  杨文  姚鹏举  刘宏强  赵丽  阳维宗  张聪  张昆  董李勤 《湿地科学》2020,18(2):237-243

为了研究不同积水深度下若尔盖高原木里薹草(Carex muliensis)叶片的生理生态特征,于2016年4月23日,在若尔盖县喀哈尔乔县级湿地自然保护区内,将生长着木里薹草的原状土柱移栽至若尔盖湿地国家级自然保护区管理局实验场的木箱内,使木里薹草继续生长;设置3种模拟积水深度,分别为20 cm、10 cm和0 cm(无积水),于2019年6月30日、7月16日和8月1日,测定各积水深度下木里薹草叶片的光合气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光参数和生长指标。研究结果表明,随着积水变浅至无积水,3个观测日的木里薹草叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率都显著减小(n=5,p0.05),而胞间CO2浓度显著增大(n=5,p0.05);积水深度变化对木里薹草叶片的最小荧光产量、PSⅡ反应中心最大光化学效率和碳稳定同位素δ13C值无显著影响;随着积水变浅至无积水,木里薹草叶片的光化学猝灭系数和电子传递量子效率也减小,非光化学猝灭系数增大;随着积水变浅至无积水,木里薹草的株高变矮,叶长变短。  相似文献   

“漫话土地”之二十七 地载万物鸟兽栖     

景志刚 《资源导刊(河南)》2018,(7)

正辽阔的平原、险峻的山岭、蜿蜒的河谷、茂密的森林、浩瀚的草原……中华大地幅员辽阔、物华天宝,万物生灵相依相伴、互惠互生,共同奏响一曲波澜壮阔的生命之歌。"植物斯生,动物斯止。"从创世神话到部落传说,从民族图腾到宗庙祭祀,从游牧渔猎到农耕家畜,从土木建筑到衣冠纹饰,动物文化伴随着华夏文明,走过悠悠五千年岁月历程。地载万物,生生不息自上古神话到民间传说,动物便是人类从未离开的伙伴。女娲拈土造物,相传也是初一造鸡、初二造狗、初三造猪、初四造羊、初五造牛、初六造马,初七  相似文献   

构造-岩浆作用对热液活动的控制机理: 马努斯海盆为例   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

马瑶  殷学博  王晓媛  陈帅  曾志刚 《海洋科学》2018,42(5):163-171

综述了马努斯海盆热液区构造特征、基底差异, 结合马努斯海盆热液区热液活动与构造-岩浆特征, 探讨了二者的耦合关系, 以及构造-岩浆作用对热液活动的影响和控制。马努斯海盆位于西南太平洋俾斯麦海的东北部, 是世界上扩张速度最快的海盆之一。马努斯海盆西部(马努斯扩张中心, Manus Spreading Center, MSC)主要由海盆扩张成熟期产生的大洋中脊玄武岩组成, 属于成熟弧后扩张中心,发育Vienna Woods热液区; 海盆东部(东南裂谷, Southeast Rift, SER)则是一个拉张裂谷, 处于扩张的早期阶段, 属于不成熟弧后扩张中心, 发育PACMANUS、DESMOS、SuSu Knolls三大热液区。MSC与大洋中脊的热液活动相似, 而SER因受到火山、俯冲作用影响更为显著, 其热液流体具有岩浆流体和俯冲流体的特征。与Vienna Woods热液压相比, PACMANUS、DESMOS以及SuSu Knolls三个热液区的水深相对较浅(1 150～1 740 m), 是地球内部热物质由内向外迁移的结果, 其下部岩浆作用强烈。此外,岩浆脱气作用和数值模拟结果表明, PACMANUS热液系统中具有岩浆流体的输入。与Vienna Woods热液区相比, PACMANUS、DESMOS、SuSu Knolls热液区的热液活动强度及流体组成主要受控于岩浆作用。  相似文献   

多措并举 坚持基层党组织教育实践活动“四入”     

姚传标 《浙江国土资源》2018,(2)

正思想政治工作事关党风、政风,是其他一切工作的生命线。多年以来,庆元县国土资源局党委都高度重视思想政治工作,在开展提高思想政治工作针对性方面进行了一定的探索和实践,特别是基层党组织日常教育实践方面取得了一定成效。一、领导带头,全面谋划,使党员先锋意识能够"入耳"如何让教育实践活动吸引广大基层党员的兴趣,使其乐于学习,  相似文献   

Smectite formation in metalliferous sediments near the East Pacific Rise at 13°N   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

荣坤波  曾志刚  殷学博  陈帅  王晓媛  齐海燕  马瑶 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(9):67-81

A 43 cm long E271 sediment core collected near the East Pacific Rise(EPR) at 13°N were studied to investigate the origin of smectite for understanding better the geochemical behavior of hydrothermal material after deposition.E271 sediments are typical metalliferous sediments. After removal of organic matter, carbonate, biogenic opal,and Fe-Mn oxide by a series of chemical procedures, clay minerals(2 μm) were investigated by X-ray diffraction,chemical analysis and Si isotope analysis. Due to the influence of seafloor hydrothermal activity and close to continent, the sources of clay minerals are complex. Illite, chlorite and kaolinite are suggested to be transported from either North or Central America by rivers or winds, but smectite is authigenic. It is enriched in iron, and its contents are highest in clay minerals. Data show that smectite is most likely formed by the reaction of hydrothermal Fe-oxyhydroxide with silica and seawater in metalliferous sediments. The Si that participates in this reaction may be derived from siliceous microfossils(diatoms or radiolarians), hydrothermal fluids, or detrital mineral phases. And their δ30 Si values are higher than those of authigenic smectites, which implies that a Si isotope fractionation occurs during the formation because of the selective absorption of light Si isotopes onto Feoxyhydroxides. Sm/Fe mass ratios(a proxy for overall REE/Fe ratio) in E271 clay minerals are lower than those in metalliferous sediments, as well as distal hydrothermal plume particles and terrigenous clay minerals. This result suggests that some REE are lost during the smectite formation, perhaps because their large ionic radii of REE scavenged by Fe-oxyhydroxides preclude substitution in either tetrahedral or octahedral lattice sites of this mineral structure, which decreases the value of metalliferous sediments as a potential resource for REE.  相似文献   

涉密矢量数字地图中敏感要素几何信息量的测度方法     

李安波  陈楹  姚蒙蒙  吴赛松 《地球信息科学学报》2018,20(1):7-16

涉密矢量数字地图中敏感要素几何信息的定量测度,是实现定量化密级评定的基础和前提。如何进行敏感要素几何信息量的计算,目前尚缺乏相关研究。在现有地图信息论研究成果的基础上,论文主要开展了3方面的研究工作：首先,从地理对象的敏感性入手,探讨了地图要素敏感性的定义与要素集合的敏感性表征指标;然后,基于任意发生元的Voronoi构建方法,实现了对点要素集、线要素集、部分覆盖面要素集及综合要素集的信息单元自动化剖分;最后,基于长度系数、面积系数和角度系数,提出了线、面要素图形复杂度的计算方法,并在此基础上形成了涉密矢量数字地图中敏感几何信息量的测度方法。实验表明,该方法的计算结果遵循了信息量的非负性、连续性、可加性等特点,较为合理地反映了相关因素（地图比例尺、要素空间分布、要素图形复杂度、要素敏感系数等）对计算结果的影响。相关成果将支持矢量数字地图的定量化密级评定,并有助于完善地理信息安全监管的理论和方法体系。  相似文献   

冲绳海槽中部岩心沉积物中浮岩的物理性质和地球化学特征差异及其对岩浆活动的指示     

方雪  曾志刚  胡思谊  朱博文  齐海燕  万世明  徐兆凯 《海洋科学》2020,44(5):1-11

为进一步了解冲绳海槽浮岩的物理性质和地球化学特征差异,对冲绳海槽中部岩心沉积物S9中的浮岩进行了微观结构和地球化学组成分析。结果显示,冲绳海槽中部存在白色、灰白色及棕色3种浮岩,其中灰白色浮岩又可以根据构造特征分为气孔构造和流动构造浮岩两个亚类。浮岩的地球化学组成表明白色、灰白色及棕色浮岩都是由玄武质岩浆经过充分的分离结晶作用形成的流纹质或流纹英安质火山岩。玄武质岩浆在演化的过程中发生了斜长石、角闪石、辉石、Fe-Ti氧化物、磷灰石等矿物的结晶分离。结合有孔虫14C年龄,认为浮岩是冲绳海槽中部距今13.1 ka左右的长英质火山活动的产物。演化程度相对较低的棕色浮岩具有比白色浮岩高的TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, CaO含量,且棕色浮岩具有相对低的稀土总量和轻稀土总量。根据浮岩的物理性质及地球化学组成差异推测,岩浆的黏度和压力是影响浮岩构造特征的主要因素。黏度大、连续减压的岩浆易于形成具有流动构造和密集气孔的浮岩,黏度小、阶段性减压的岩浆易于形成气孔大而疏松的浮岩。  相似文献