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1.
浙东地区晚中生代火山岩地球化学特征、岩石成因及构造环境 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中国东部中生代发生的大规模岩浆活动是地学界长期以来关注的课题之一。本文通过对浙东地区晚中生代火山岩锆石U-Pb年代学、主量、稀土及微量元素地球化学的研究,讨论其岩石成因及形成的构造环境。研究表明,大爽组底部火山岩年龄为155.2±1.4 Ma (MSWD = 0.83),显示浙东地区晚中生代火山岩的形成时代并不限于白垩纪,火山喷发至少于晚侏罗世就已经开始;岩石总体属高钾钙碱性系列,少量属钾玄岩系列;基性岩石、中性岩石与中酸性(酸性)岩之间不具有同源演化关系,基性岩石来源于富集地幔,并受到了不同程度的地壳混染,中性岩石可能来源于先存于下地壳深部的新元古代岛弧岩石,中酸性(酸性)岩石来源于地壳,中酸性岩浆与酸性岩浆之间存在演化关系;岩石总体形成于地壳幕式减薄环境,而其弧岩浆岩特征主要反映源岩属性。 相似文献
2.
为探究亚热带湿润地区河湖周边发育的灌丛沙堆形态与沉积特征,以南昌市厚田沙地为研究区,对其优势种蔓荆(Vitex trifolia)所形成的灌丛沙堆开展野外调查,通过对不同部位的沉积物进行采样与分析,研究沙堆形态、沉积特征及其与植被特性之间的关系。结果表明:蔓荆灌丛沙堆形态大多为盾形,水平尺度大,高度矮,坡度缓。沙堆沉积物以中沙为主,分选性较差,呈正偏和窄峰态分布,沙源来自附近平沙地和丘间地,为近源沉积。平均粒径从迎风坡底部至背风坡底部呈现为先变细后变粗的趋势,体现了灌丛沙堆的防风滞沙功能和对沙粒的重新分选作用。灌丛与沙堆的各形态参数(灌丛高度除外)均存在高度的正相关性(P<0.01),说明各形态参数在沙堆发育过程中得以协调发展。受植被类型和区域环境的影响,与干旱-半干旱地区直立生长且分支少的灌丛形成的椭球形或圆锥形沙堆形态不同,蔓荆匍匐生长且高度较矮的形态常形成低矮且范围较大的灌丛沙堆。亚热带湿润地区风力资源不丰富及厚田沙地沙源不足使沉积物主要来源于附近平沙地与丘间地,但不同坡位沉积规律与干旱-半干旱地区相同。 相似文献
3.
Relationships Between Community Structure and Environmental Factors in Xixiakou Artificial Reef Area
Haolin Yu Wenzhao Yang Changdong Liu Yanli Tang Xiefa Song Guangjie Fang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2020,19(4):883-894
The construction of artificial reefs has unparallelly developed for a few decades in China. Artificial reefs can be used to manage and conserve commercially exploited fish and crustacea. However, their suitability as ecological niche is poorly characterized. Therefore, in this study, we detected the seasonal variation of community biodiversity and the corresponding driving environmental factors. We also explored the relationships between dominant species and environmental factors to identify appropriate ecological niche areas. Different statistical analysis methods were used to assess species distribution within an artificial reef area in Xixiakou during nine sampling events in four seasons between 2017 and 2018. Non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS) and cluster analysis results indicated that the components of community can be divided into two clusters. Complexity of community, which is exhibited by species number, biodiversity, and catch per unit effort(CPUE), was significantly higher in summer than in other seasons. Generalized additive model(GAMs) results revealed the significant effects of temperature and chlorophyll a on the community structure. Sebastes schlegelii, Hexagrammos otakii, Conger myriaster and Charybdis japonica were the dominant species in four seasons. GAMs results indicated that temperature, dissolved oxygen(DO), pH and chlorophyll a affect the CPUE of dominant species significantly. The distinct suitable ecological niche for each dominant species was found in this study. For example, Charybdis japonica preferred to live in the area with 20.7–22.1℃, dissolved oxygen 7.07–7.15 mg L~(-1) and salinity 31.8–31.9. The results of this study are beneficial to resource conservation and fishery management. 相似文献
4.
Xiao Yang Yuan Zhengxin Lin Jia Ran Jinyu Dai Beibing Chu Jian Liu Hanlong 《Acta Geotechnica》2019,14(6):2123-2131
Acta Geotechnica - Few studies have focused on the influence of particle shape on the mechanical properties of cemented sand. To address this lack of information, this study investigated the... 相似文献
5.
AbstractThe scour phenomena around vertical piles in oceans and under waves may influence the structure stability. Therefore, accurately predicting the scour depth is an important task in the design of piles. Empirical approaches often do not provide the required accuracy compared with data mining methods for modeling such complex processes. The main objective of this study is to develop three data-driven methods, locally weighted linear regression (LWLR), support vector machine (SVR), and multivariate linear regression (MLR) to predict the scour depth around vertical piles due to waves in a sand bed. It is the first effort to develop the LWLR to predict scour depth around vertical piles. The models simulate the scour depth mainly based on Shields parameter, pile Reynolds number, grain Reynolds number, Keulegan–Carpenter number, and sediment number. 111 laboratory datasets, derived from several experimental studies, were used for the modeling. The results indicated that the LWLR provided highly accurate predictions of the scour depths around piles (R?=?0.939 and RMSE = 0.075). Overall, this study demonstrated that the LWLR can be used as a valuable tool to predict the wave-induced scour around piles. 相似文献
6.
利用常规观测资料、自动区域站雨量、卫星TBB资料、雷达资料,对恩施州2016年6月24—25日发生的一次大范围暴雨过程进行分析。结果表明:本次强降水,具有典型的两槽一脊"单阻型"梅雨环流特征,在有利的大尺度环流背景下,在高空槽、低层低涡切变、西南急流、地面中尺度辐合线等中尺度天气系统的共同影响、相互作用下,形成了此次大范围强降水。此次暴雨空间上分布不均,局地性强,表现为明显的中尺度对流性特征,雷达回波图上降水性质表现为混合型降水,暴雨的直接影响系统是中β尺度对流系统,且中β尺度对流系统在多个中尺度对流云团合并后加强,时间尺度约为5 h。此次暴雨过程是在上干冷下暖湿强的大气层结不稳定条件下,梅雨锋、边界层辐合线和地形槽的触发作用将前期积累的能量释放产生的强对流天气,同时,副高外围西南气流将南海和西太平洋的水汽向恩施输送,为暴雨的发生提供了有利的条件。 相似文献
7.
8.
Set-nets are common alongshore fishing gear used in Haizhou Bay, which rely on flow to catch fish. The catch per unit effort(CPUE) of set-net is affected by spatial-temporal and environmental factors but no research has been conducted on this subject. In this study, we used generalized additive models(GAMs) to explore the influence of spatial-temporal and environmental factors on CPUEs of species aggregated, small yellow croaker(Larimichthys polyactis), and octopus(Octopus variabilis) based on logbooks investigations conducted at 4 stations in an alongshore area of Haizhou Bay from 2011 to 2012. The results showed that all CPUEs exhibited significant spatial-temporal differences at various scales. Aggregated CPUE was high when the sea surface temperature(SST) was 15-18℃ and 20-23℃, which was mainly determined by life history traits of the octopus and small yellow croaker(optimal SSTs 14-17℃ and 19-24℃, respectively). Chlorophyll-a concentration had significant influences on the aggregated, small yellow croaker and octopus CPUEs at optimal ranges of 3.8-6.2 mg m~(-3), 4.2-4.8 mg m~(-3) and 4.5-5.5 mg m~(-3), respectively. Flow through the net had positive relationships with CPUEs. The approximate logarithmic trends in regression curves had a critical point of 2.5 Mm~3 d~(-1), which was the dividing point that differentiated whether the major factor affecting CPUEs was the flow velocity or the fishery resource. Our results from this study will help guide fishery production and improve catch rate of set-net fishing in Haizhou Bay. 相似文献
9.
在卫星海洋遥感中,云作为海气耦合系统最重要的调节器之一,其检测结果对海洋上空云微物理特性的反演精度有较大影响。因此,快速而准确识别海洋上空的云像元是卫星遥感数据处理过程中首要解决的关键问题。以PARASOL (Polarization and Anisotropy of Reflectances for Atmospheric Sciences coupled with Observations from a Lidar)卫星搭载的POLDER3载荷遥感数据为研究对象,提出一种改进的海洋上空云检测方法。首先剔除海洋耀光;接着利用有云与晴空区近红外反射率差异检验识别有云像元,并利用偏振反射率检验进一步识别低反射率的云像元;然后利用近红外与可见光反射率比值检验识别晴空像元;最后建立多角度云检测结果空间融合规则,重新标记有云、晴空和未定像元。以印度洋海区为例进行实验分析,将云检测结果与Buriez方法进行对比,发现检测精度基本相当,而有云像元的识别速度却平均提高约3倍。结果表明:该方法能有效的检测出海洋上空的云像元,满足业务化数据处理的高精度及时效性要求,为后续云微物理特性反演提供可靠的数据源。 相似文献
10.
Remote sensing data have been widely applied to extract minerals in geologic exploration, however, in areas covered by vegetation, extracted mineral information has mostly been small targets bearing little information. In this paper, we present a new method for mineral extraction aimed at solving the difficulty of mineral identification in vegetation covered areas. The method selected six sets of spectral difference coupling between soil and plant (SVSCD). These sets have the same vegetation spectra reflectance and a maximum different reflectance of soil and mineral spectra from Hyperion image based on spectral reflectance characteristics of measured spectra. The central wavelengths of the six, selected band pairs were 2314 and 701 nm, 1699 and 721 nm, 1336 and 742 nm, 2203 and 681 nm, 2183 and 671 nm, and 2072 and 548 nm. Each data set’s reflectance was used to calculate the difference value. After band difference calculation, vegetation information was suppressed and mineral abnormal information was enhanced compared to the scatter plot of original band. Six spectral difference couplings, after vegetation inhibition, were arranged in a new data set that requires two components that have the largest eigenvalue difference from principal component analysis (PCA). The spatial geometric structure features of PC1 and PC2 was used to identify altered minerals by spectral feature fitting (SFF). The collecting rocks from the 10 points that were selected in the concentration of mineral extraction were analyzed under a high-resolution microscope to identify metal minerals and nonmetallic minerals. Results indicated that the extracted minerals were well matched with the verified samples, especially with the sample 2, 4, 5 and 8. It demonstrated that the method can effectively detect altered minerals in vegetation covered area in Hyperion image. 相似文献