全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6286篇 |
免费 | 1420篇 |
国内免费 | 1619篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 536篇 |
大气科学 | 1495篇 |
地球物理 | 1676篇 |
地质学 | 3357篇 |
海洋学 | 733篇 |
天文学 | 158篇 |
综合类 | 659篇 |
自然地理 | 711篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 10篇 |
2023年 | 104篇 |
2022年 | 296篇 |
2021年 | 330篇 |
2020年 | 264篇 |
2019年 | 333篇 |
2018年 | 364篇 |
2017年 | 328篇 |
2016年 | 369篇 |
2015年 | 321篇 |
2014年 | 338篇 |
2013年 | 391篇 |
2012年 | 333篇 |
2011年 | 323篇 |
2010年 | 344篇 |
2009年 | 354篇 |
2008年 | 296篇 |
2007年 | 320篇 |
2006年 | 244篇 |
2005年 | 238篇 |
2004年 | 239篇 |
2003年 | 237篇 |
2002年 | 288篇 |
2001年 | 311篇 |
2000年 | 287篇 |
1999年 | 309篇 |
1998年 | 262篇 |
1997年 | 231篇 |
1996年 | 211篇 |
1995年 | 180篇 |
1994年 | 170篇 |
1993年 | 147篇 |
1992年 | 125篇 |
1991年 | 94篇 |
1990年 | 67篇 |
1989年 | 63篇 |
1988年 | 48篇 |
1987年 | 34篇 |
1986年 | 19篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1984年 | 15篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1958年 | 8篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有9325条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
采用空间分析和空间杜宾模型等方法,研究1999—2017年中国工业烟粉尘排放时空演化特征及其影响因素。结果表明:① 中国工业烟粉尘排放空间分布差异明显,其排放的基尼系数和污染物分布指数均呈现下降态势,空间集中程度有所缓和。② 中国工业烟粉尘排放空间分布呈东北?西南走向,其排放中心不断由东南向西北方向迁移。③ 中国工业烟粉尘排放存在空间相关性和空间溢出效应,其冷热点区空间分布发生显著变化。④ 能源消耗、第二产业比重、人口密度和经济发展水平的提升将会增加工业烟粉尘排放,而外资水平、治理技术水平和环境规制力度的提升则有利于减少工业烟粉尘排放。 相似文献
2.
以FeCl3?6H2O、NiCl2?6H2O、MgCl2?6H2O为原料,以NaOH为沉淀剂采用水热法合成了镁镍铁水滑石 (MgNiFe-LDH),通过X射线衍射 (XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 和扫描电镜 (SEM) 分析了MgNiFe-LDH结构及形貌,探讨了不同陈化时间和水热温度对MgNiFe-LDH合成的影响。将制得的MgNiFe-LDH添加至聚丙烯 (PP) 中,制备MgNiFe-LDH/PP复合材料,通过对材料的加速老化测其力学性能,研究了添加MgNiFe-LDH前后材料力学性能的差异。研究结果表明,当Mg2+:Ni2+:Fe3+=2:1:1,反应温度为140℃、陈化时间为24 h时,合成的MgNiFe-LDH为片状,形貌较为规整,颗粒粒径约为2μm;经加速老化后,填充MgNiFe-LDH 复合材料的抗老化性能优于纯PP,当MgNiFe-LDH的填充量为6 wt% 复合材料拉伸强度不变,可明显提高PP的抗老化性能。 相似文献
4.
Xiang Jie Xiao Keyan Carranza Emmanuel John M. Chen Jianping Li Shi 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(1):395-414
Natural Resources Research - In the past few decades, a variety of data-driven predictive modeling techniques has led to a dramatic advancement in mineral prospectivity mapping (MPM). The random... 相似文献
5.
Land surface actual evapotranspiration is an important process that influences the Earth's energy and water cycles and determines the water and heat transfer in the soil-vegetation-atmosphere system. Meanwhile, the cryosphere's hydrological process is receiving extensive attention, and its water problem needs to be understood from multiple perspectives. As the main part of the Chinese cryosphere, the Tibetan Plateau faces significant climate and environmental change. There are active interaction and pronounced feedback between the environment and ETa in the cryosphere. This article mainly focuses on the research progress of ETa in the Tibetan Plateau. It first reviews the ETa process, characteristics, and impact factors of typical underlying surfaces in the Tibetan Plateau (alpine meadows, alpine steppes, alpine wetlands, alpine forests, lakes). Then it compares the temporal and spatial variations of ETa at different scales. In addition, considering the current greening of cryosphere vegetation due to climate change, it discusses the relationship between vegetation greening and transpiration to help clarify how vegetation activities are related to the regional water cycle and surface energy budget. 相似文献
6.
In the aggressive marine environment over a long-term service period,coastal bridges inevitably sustain corrosion-induced damage due to high sea salt and humidity.This paper investigates the strength reduction of coastal bridges,especially focusing on the effects of non-uniform corrosion along the height of bridge piers.First,the corrosion initiation time and the degradation of reinforcement and concrete are analyzed for bridge piers in marine environments.To investigate the various damage modes of the concrete cover,a discretization method with fiber cells is used for calculating time-dependent interaction diagrams of cross-sections of the bridge piers at the atmospheric zone and the splash and tidal zone under a combination of axial force and bending moment.Second,the shear strength of these aging structures is analyzed.Numerical simulation indicates that the strength of a concrete pier experiences dramatic reduction from corrosion initiation to the spalling of the concrete cover.Strength loss in the splash and tidal zone is more significant than in the atmospheric zone when structures’service time is assumed to be the same. 相似文献
7.
In this paper, we propose a hybrid PML (H-PML) combining the normal absorption factor of convolutional PML (C-PML) with tangential absorption factor of Mutiaxial PML (M-PML). The H-PML boundary conditions can better suppress the numerical instability in some extreme models. and the computational speed of finite-element method and the dynamic range are greatly increased using this HPML. We use the finiteelement method with a hybrid PML to model the acoustic reflection of the interface when wireline and well logging while drilling (LWD), in a formation with a reflector outside the borehole. The simulation results suggests that the PS- and SP- reflected waves arrive at the same time when the inclination between the well and the outer interface is zero, and the difference in arrival times increases with increasing dip angle. When there are fractures outside the well, the reflection signal is clearer in the subsequent reflection waves and may be used to identify the fractured zone. The difference between the dominant wavelength and the model scale shows that LWD reflection logging data are of higher resolution and quality than wireline acoustic reflection logging. 相似文献
8.
Rock brittleness directly affects reservoir fracturing and its evaluation is essential for establishing fracturing conditions prior to reservoir reforming. Dynamic and static brittleness data were collected from siltstones of the Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin. The brittle–plastic transition was investigated based on the stress–strain relation. The results suggest that the brittleness indices calculated by static elastic parameters are negatively correlated with the stress drop coefficient and the brittleness index B2, defined as the average of the normalized Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio, is strongly correlated with the stress drop. The brittleness index B2, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio correlate with the brittle minerals content; that is, quartz, carbonates, and pyrite. We also investigated the correlation between pore fluid and porosity and dynamic brittle characteristic based on index B2. Pore fluid increases the plasticity of rock and reduces brittleness; moreover, with increasing porosity, rock brittleness decreases. The gas-saturated siltstone brittleness index is higher than that in oil- or water-saturated siltstone; the difference in the brittleness indices of oil- and water-saturated siltstone is very small. By comparing the rock mechanics and ultrasonic experiments, we find that the brittleness index obtained from the rock mechanics experiments is smaller than that obtained from the ultrasonic experiments; nevertheless, both decrease with increasing porosity as well as their differences. Ultrasonic waves propagate through the rock specimens without affecting them, whereas rock mechanics experiments are destructive and induce microcracking and porosity increases; consequently, the brittleness of low-porosity rocks is affected by the formation of internal microcrack systems. 相似文献
9.
本文从探讨人类对自然资源的认识、利用方式和属地管理的演变出发,叙述地质公园的发展历史,将其过程分成四个阶段:① 萌芽阶段;② 国家/欧洲地质公园阶段;③ 世界地质公园阶段和 ④ 联合国教科文组织世界地质公园阶段。不同阶段各具特征,反映了人类在了解、保护和利用自然资源的意识和方法的不断进步,指出现在世界地质公园的理念、地质遗迹资源的保护和利用、发展模式是适合当今社会发展的新思路,展现出美好的前景。对国家/欧洲/世界/联合国教科文组织世界地质公园的历史回顾和管理制度等内容的详细记述,可供地质公园从业者、研究者和管理者参考。 相似文献
10.
Zhou Xingbo Chen Zuyu Zhou Jianping Guo Xinlei Du Xiaohu Zhang Qiang 《Natural Hazards》2020,104(1):249-277
Natural Hazards - Quantitative and effective flood control operation of cascade reservoirs under emergency conditions can guarantee the safety of dams, reduce the social loss caused by flood... 相似文献