中国市域居民住房支付能力时空演变及影响因素          下载免费PDF全文

康珈瑜  索志辉  梁留科  买哲  方明 《干旱区地理》2019,42(5):1153-1165

利用泰尔指数、σ系数、莫兰指数和空间回归模型等方法，对2012—2017年中国大陆346个市域单元收入房价比的时空演变规律进行分析，并探究其影响因素。结果表明：2012—2017年，中国市域单元收入房价比排名整体表现为东部>中部>东北>西部，其相对差异和绝对差异均随时间呈现增大趋势，居民住房支付能力稳步增强。2012—2017年，中国市域单元收入房价比的空间集聚性显著增强，空间分布不均衡性有逐渐增强的趋势。经济水平、城镇化水平、房地产投资水平、城市规模是影响中国市域住房支付能力的主要影响因素，其中，经济水平和城镇化水平对居民住房支付能力具有较大的正向影响，而房地产投资水平和城市规模为负向影响；2012—2017年我国东北和东中西部则不同程度上受不同影响因素的影响。  相似文献   

Supplementation of Yeast Extract to Practical Diet Improves the Growth,Anti-Oxidative Capacity and Intestinal Morphology of Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei     

MA Shuoli  WANG Xiaoxia  GAO Weihua  ZHANG Wenbing  MAI Kangsen 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2019,(4)

Two control diets based on the commercial formula were designed to contain high(27%, D1) and low(22%, D2) levels of fish meal, respectively. Into D2, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg kg~(-1) of yeast extract were added, respectively, yielding three experimental diets(YE1 through YE3). Shrimp(initial body weight 0.30 g ± 0.02 g) were fed with the experimental diets, five tanks each diet and 30 shrimp individuals each tank, for 8 weeks, and then challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The results showed that the specific growth rate(SGR) of shrimp in D2 was significantly lower than that of shrimp in D1(P 0.05). The SGR of shrimp in YE3 was similar to that of shrimp in D1. The feed intake of shrimp was similar between D1 and D2. The feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio of shrimp were similar among all diets(P 0.05). YE significantly improved the activity of glutathione S-transferase. The concentration of glutathione(GSH) and the total serum anti-oxidative capacity(T-AOC) of D1 were significantly higher than those of shrimp feeding other diets(P 0.05). The content of serum malondialdehyde of shrimp feeding YE2 and YE3 was significantly lower than that of shrimp feeding D2(P 0.05). The thickness of intestine muscular layer of shrimp feeding YE1 and YE2 was similar to that of shrimp feeding D1. The shrimp feeding YE1 showed the highest villus height of intestine among all groups. The cumulative mortality after challenging was similar among all groups(70.00%–86.67%)(P 0.05). In conclusion, 1000–1500 mg kg~(-1) of YE was suggested to be supplemented into the practical diets to improve the growth, anti-oxidative capacity and intestinal morphology of shrimp L. vannamei.  相似文献   

Macroparasites of angelfish Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788) in the southern Benguela Current ecosystem     

AL Mackintosh  CC Reed  MAI Nunkoo  PH King  CD van der Lingen 《African Journal of Marine Science》2018,40(3):245-252

The angelfish Brama brama is a mesopelagic species distributed circumglobally in temperate to warm-temperate waters, including continental-shelf-edge and upper-slope waters of the Benguela Current ecosystem. Little is known about the parasite assemblage of Benguela B. brama, with only three parasite taxa having previously been documented from this species in the southern Benguela. This study describes the macroparasites recorded from 35 B. brama collected during research surveys off the west coast of South Africa in 2015 and 2016. A total of six macroparasite taxa were documented, including the nematode Anisakis pegreffii, the copepod Hatschekia conifera, the cestode Hepatoxylon trichiuri, an acanthocephalan from the genus Rhadinorhynchus, a monogenean from the family Diclidophoridae, and an unidentified species. Three of these (He. trichiuri, Rhadinorhynchus sp. and the unidentified species) had not previously been found to infect B. brama. The most prevalent macroparasite taxa were A. pegreffii (94%), the unidentified species (71%) and Ha. conifera (60%). Two of the parasites, Ha. conifera and He. trichiuri, showed seasonal variation in infection, and infection with the latter was positively correlated with host length. These findings increase our knowledge of B. brama biology and contribute to our understanding of the biodiversity of the southern Benguela ecosystem.  相似文献   

The sulfurization recorded in tridymite in the monomict eucrite Northwest Africa 11591     

Li‐Lin Huang  Bing‐Kui Miao  Guo‐Zhu Chen  Hui‐Min Shao  Zi‐Yuan Ouyang 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2020,55(7):1441-1457

Some of the tridymite in the monomict Northwest Africa (NWA) 11591 eucrite are found to have sulfide‐rich replacement textures (SRTs) to varying degrees. The SRTs of tridymite in NWA 11591 are characterized by the distribution of loose porous regions with aggregates of quartz and minor troilite grains along the rims and fractures of the tridymite, and we propose a new mechanism for the origin of this texture. According to the volume and density conversion relationship, the quartz in the SRT of tridymite with a hackle fracture pattern was transformed from tridymite. We suggest that the primary tridymite grains are affected by the S‐rich vapors along the rims and fractures, leading to the transformation of tridymite into quartz. In addition, the S‐rich vapors reacted with Fe²⁺, which was transported from the relict tridymite and/or the adjacent Fe‐rich minerals, and/or the S‐rich vapors react with the exotic metallic Fe to form troilite grains. The sulfurization in NWA 11591 most likely occurred during the prolonged subsolidus thermal metamorphism in the shallow crust of Vesta and might be an open, relatively high temperature (>800 °C) process. Sulfur would be an important component of the metasomatic fluid on Vesta.  相似文献   

ENSO对MJO传播特征演变的影响          下载免费PDF全文

龙雨青  张雪莹  麦博儒 《热带气象学报》2022,38(3):410-421

利用TRMM降水和ERA-Interim温度、比湿、环流场等再分析资料, 探讨了在1998-2018年冬季年际尺度海温变化对MJO的强度、结构和传播特征的影响。主要结论如下: 通过一种追踪MJO的方法在研究时间范围内共可挑选出50个MJO事件, 其中有14个MJO事件发生在El Ni?o期间, 25个发生在La Ni?a期间, 11个发生在ENSO正常年。El Ni?o年MJO会传播至更远的中东太平洋附近, 而La Ni?a年MJO事件趋于在西太平洋地区消亡, 这主要与东太平洋地区持续的季节内尺度的经向水汽输送有关。此外, 在印度洋和太平洋地区, El Ni?o年的MJO活动更强, 而在海洋性大陆附近, La Ni?a年的MJO活动略强一些。ENSO对MJO强度的影响主要通过影响MJO对流中心东侧水汽的输送, 水汽在异常东风气流的输送下穿过对流中心东边界进入对流中心, 进而造成MJO活动强度的差异。   相似文献   

基于全球及区域气候模式的江苏省降水变化趋势预估          下载免费PDF全文

李熠  买苗 《大气科学学报》2019,42(3):447-458

利用气象观测资料,8个全球耦合气候系统模式的集合平均以及区域气候模式(RegCM4)的结果,通过方差分析、相关分析、趋势分析、扰动法等方法对模式性能进行了评估,并对江苏省在未来RCP8.5高端排放情景下降水的变化趋势进行了预估。结果表明,在RCP8.5情景下,至2020、2030和2050年,全球模式模拟的江苏省年平均降水在未来有逐渐增加的趋势,线性增加率约为7 mm/(10 a)。至2050年,江苏省年平均降水量将增加2%左右;区域模式模拟的年平均降水在未来线性增加率为1.5 mm/(10 a),变化不显著。区域模式模拟的夏季降水在未来有所增加,最多可增加20%～30%,但增幅随时间逐渐减小;全球模式模拟的夏季降水比现在有所减少,至2050年,减少了大约10%。区域模式模拟的冬季降水在未来不同时间段均比现在有所减少,同现在相比,最多可减少30%～40%;而全球模式模拟的冬季降水在未来则是先减少,后增加,至2050年,比现在大约增加10%。对于不同季节,总体而言,南部地区降水量的变化较北部地区显著。对于极端降水事件来说,江苏省未来小雨日数将减少,而暴雨日数则微弱增加。但由于全球模式本身的性能、区域模式对全球模式的依赖性以及温室气体排放的不确定性使上述预估结果仍具有不确定性。  相似文献   

容县压实花岗岩残积土的力学性质与微结构特性研究     

王志兵  麦棠坤  齐程 《水文地质工程地质》2018,(5):101-101

选取广西容县花岗岩残积土为研究对象,取击实曲线上3个不同含水率对应的压实样（最佳含水率及干侧、湿侧,后两者对应的干密度相同）分别进行了直剪试验、扫描电镜观测（SEM）和压汞试验（MIP）,并从微观特征解释其力学性能的差异。结果表明:（1）花岗岩残积土在3种压实状态下具有相同应力-应变曲线形状,无明显峰值,抗剪强度在最佳状态时的最高,湿侧状态抗剪强度与干侧状态相近,3种状态下内摩擦角值差别较小,但黏聚力在最佳状态时最大,干侧和湿侧状态较最佳状态分别下降66.4%和43.1%;（2）花岗岩残积土在湿侧状态下普遍形成团聚体,团聚体之间呈架空结构,累积孔隙体积最大,为明显的双峰分布孔隙特征;在最佳状态下组构最密,高岭石片定向性排列;在干侧状态下高岭石片呈片架结构,累积孔隙体积最小;随着含水率的降低,土样双峰孔隙特征逐渐变得不明显;（3）花岗岩残积土在不同状态时的微观特性较好地解释其力学性质的差异。  相似文献   

面向带电作业的手臂末端输出力评估方法     

林子  熊鹏文  何孔飞  张发辉 《南京气象学院学报》2019,11(2):186-191

为了解决带电作业时手臂末端输出力的准确控制,提出一种基于表面肌电信号（sEMG信号）和支持向量机回归（SVR）实现对手臂末端施力的评估方法.通过手握机械手臂末端的手柄,做往复推拉运动,记录此时手柄处的力传感器的数据F,同时利用3组肌电信号传感器同步采集手臂的肌电信号.将肌电信号提取特征后,与力F组合成样本集合S,在样本集合中随机抽取50%的样本数据作为训练集,分别训练BP神经网络、GRNN神经网络以及SVR神经网络.最后用训练好的神经网络对整个样本集中的力F进行预测,并用均方根误差和相关系数评估模型的预测效果.结果显示,SVR神经网络的预测效果较好,其均方根误差为3.074 0,相关系数为0.951 7.  相似文献   

饲料中硒和α-硫辛酸对皱纹盘鲍稚鲍抗氧化反应的影响     

陈齐勇  张文兵  麦康森  马洪明  刘付志国 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,41(5):38-42

本研究利用2×3双因素试验设计,分别添加0和1 mg/kg的硒,0、800和3 200 mg/kg的α-硫辛酸,配制成6种半精制饲料,在流水系统中养殖初始体质量为(0.43±0.00)g的皱纹盘鲍稚鲍(Haliotis discus hannaiIno)16周,探讨硒和硫辛酸对皱纹盘鲍稚鲍抗氧化反应的影响。结果表明:硒对皱纹盘鲍肝胰脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)和总抗氧化力(T-AOC)有显著影响,当饲料中不添加硫辛酸时,硒显著提高了肝胰脏GPX活性及T-AOC值。饲料中添加800 mg/kg硫辛酸时,皱纹盘鲍肝胰脏中的GPX活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和T-AOC值均显著增加,谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量也有所增加,但差异不显著。然而,添加3 200 mg/kg硫辛酸时,GPX活性和T-AOC值显著下降。尽管没有统计学上的显著差异,饲料中硒和硫辛酸对皱纹盘鲍稚鲍抗氧化反应的影响表现出了潜在的交互作用。总的来说,饲料中同时添加1mg/kg硒和800 mg/kg硫辛酸时,皱纹盘鲍稚鲍能够表现出较好的抗氧化状态。  相似文献   

饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌和壳寡糖对大黄鱼幼鱼血清免疫指标的影响     

徐后国  艾庆辉  麦康森  徐玮  刘付志国 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,(Z2):42-47

本实验采用2×3双因子实验设计,分别在基础饲料中添加0(对照)、0.5×107和1.0×107/g枯草芽孢杆菌,在每个枯草芽孢杆菌添加水平分别添加0(对照)、0.3%和0.6%的壳寡糖,配制出9种等氮等能的实验饲料,在海水浮式网箱中进行为期70 d的实验,探讨饲料中枯草芽孢杆菌和壳寡糖的添加对大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)血清免疫指标的影响。实验结果表明,在每个枯草芽孢杆菌水平下,饲料中添加0.3%和0.6%的壳寡糖显著提高了大黄鱼幼鱼血清溶菌酶的活性(P<0.05),而对大黄鱼血清替代途径补体活力,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力没有显著性影响。在每个壳寡糖水平,饲料中枯草芽孢杆菌的添加对大黄鱼血清免疫指标的影响不显著。饲料中枯草芽孢杆菌和壳寡糖对大黄鱼幼鱼血清免疫指标的影响不存在交互作用。总的来说,饲料中添加一定量的壳寡糖(0.3%～0.6%)在一定程度上影响了大黄鱼幼鱼的非特异性免疫反应。  相似文献