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基于2002—2011年共10 a的AMDAR资料,用于中国周边海域(0~35°N,110~150°E)越洋飞行飞机颠簸的时空分布和变化规律分析。研究指出:南海比西北太平洋海域更容易发生重度以上的飞机颠簸;全年中6月最容易发生颠簸,而9月至次年2月发生重度和严重颠簸的百分率明显减小;5 km以下,发生轻度和重度颠簸的百分率随高度增大而减小,8 km以上重度颠簸的发生百分率稳定在0.2%左右,边界层顶和对流层顶附近容易发生严重颠簸,发生的百分率分别为0.27%和0.18%;随着风速增大发生颠簸的概率一般也增大,在对流层上层风速大于40 m/s时,发生重度和严重颠簸的百分率都明显增大,达到0.2%左右。冷半年风向为NNE以及暖半年风向为SSW时,发生重度颠簸的百分率达4%左右;严重颠簸发生在暖半年的概率较大,暖半年吹SSE至ESE风时,发生百分率为0.25%~0.3%,但暖半年吹正北风或冷半年吹正南风时,也易发生严重颠簸。 相似文献
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黏滞阻尼器作为一种有效的消能减震装置,已在钢结构建筑中得到了大量应用.然而由于钢结构的延性和阻尼特征,实用的钢结构附加黏滞阻尼器设计方法仍需深度探讨.文中提出一种基于黏滞阻尼器延性需求的减震设计方法.首先,根据钢结构需求量化层间位移角性能目标及目标附加阻尼比,计算黏滞阻尼器延性需求,并确定黏滞阻尼器布置数量、进行控制效... 相似文献
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Nonlinear stability criterion for plane rotating shear flow under three-dimensional nondivergence disturbances was obtained by using both variational principle and convexity estimate introduced by Arnold (1965) and Holm et al. (1985). The results obtained in this paper show that the effect of Coriolis force plays an important role in the nonlinear stability criterion, and the nonlinear stability property of the basic flow depends on both the distribution of basic states and the way the external disturbance acts on the states. The upper bound of the gradient of the mass density displacement from the equilibrium k2 = is determined by the basic states and one example was given to show the exact upper value of k. The remarks on Blumen's paper were also given at Section 4 of this paper. 相似文献
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The average variational principle was employed in this paper to study the evolution of large-scale and slowly varying Rossby wave packet with basic flow both in barotropic and baroclinic atmospheres. The evolution of the structure of Rossby wave packet with both time and space was studied. The results obtained in this paper are similar to the results of by WKBJ method. In addition, the dispersive process of the wave packet was analysed by taking Gaussian type wave packet as an initial disturbance. The valid time scale for application of wave packet theory in the atmosphere was obtained. 相似文献
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