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1.
Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1(IFIT1), also known as interferon-induced protein 56(IFI56) or Interferon-stimulated protein 56(ISG56), was originally identified as a protein induced upon treatment with interferon and inhibited by viral replication and translational initiation. In this study, Epinephelus lanceolatus IFIT1(ELIFIT1) gene was cloned for the first time. The complete cDNA of El IFIT1 gene includes 2921 nucleotides, and encodes a 437-amino acid(AA) protein. The putative ELIFIT1 protein has 9 TRP domains and is highly similar with IFIT1 proteins in other teleosts. In healthy fish, ELIFIT1 gene was highly expressed in the blood, which indicate its specific function in the peripheral immune system. Its expression was also observed in various immunity-related tissues including spleen, intestine, and kidney, Inducted with spotted knifejaw iridovirus(SKIV), ELIFIT1 gene expression was upregulated in the spleen, kidney, and liver 24 h after induction and reached its peak at 72 h, indicating that ELIFIT1 may play an important role in antivirus. These findings contribute to the understanding of the antiviral regulation of ELIFIT1 gene in teleost.  相似文献   
2.
利用西藏自治区昌都市及周边18个气象观测站1989~2018年降水资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,首先进行强降水个例筛选,在大气环流分型的基础上,应用后向轨迹模型分析了暴雨和大雨在不同环流形势下的水汽输送轨迹。结果表明:昌都产生强降水的大气环流形势分为高原低涡、高原槽及高原切变线3种类型,其中以高原切变线型为主,而降水强度最大的是高原槽型。不同环流形势下暴雨发生时三个等压面的水汽轨迹方向基本一致,均以偏南气流为主,水汽来源相对集中,容易在短时间内造成强降水;而大雨发生时三个等压面的水汽轨迹多以偏南气流为主,与暴雨相比,水汽来源较为分散且水汽条件较差。夏季昌都的水汽来源主要以印度洋、孟加拉湾、阿拉伯海、南海为主,最远可以追溯到大西洋。   相似文献   
3.
Understanding the dynamics of urbanization is essential to the sustainable development of cities. Meanwhile the analysis of urban development can also provide scientifically and effective information for decision-making. With the long-term Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System(DMSP/OLS) nighttime light images, a pixel level assessment of urbanization of China from 1992 to 2013 was conducted in this study, and the spatio-temporal dynamics and future trends of urban development were fully detected. The results showed that the urbanization and urban dynamics of China experienced drastic fluctuations from 1992 to 2013, especially for those in the coastal and metropolitan areas. From a regional perspective, it was found that the urban dynamics and increasing trends in North Coast China, East Coast China and South Coast China were much more stable and significant than that in other regions. Moreover, with the sustainability estimating of nighttime light dynamics, the regional agglomeration trends of urban regions were also detected. The light intensity in nearly 50% of lighted pixels may continuously decrease in the future, indicating a severe situation of urbanization within these regions. In this study, The results revealed in this study can provided a new insight in long time urbanization detecting and is thus beneficial to the better understanding of trends and dynamics of urban development.  相似文献   
4.
针对2016年5月发生于秭归县西北部的谭家湾滑坡,结合卫星遥感影像、现场勘查资料以及历史资料等多源数据,初步明确了滑坡的影响区域、特征及发生时序;综合采用钻探、槽探、物探等手段,开展室内外相关实验,明确了滑坡区的地层特性以及岩土体物理力学性质指标,通过分析该区裂缝位移及GPS数据,对该边坡的变形机制进行了探讨,并对该区稳定性进行了评价。结果表明:①谭家湾滑坡属于不规则"圈椅形"中型松散层的水库下降型滑坡,滑坡区的地表形态、地质构造及岩性等因素决定了滑坡的形成和发育,库水位和降雨的共同作用激励了滑坡的变形;②滑坡根据时序共分为3级滑体,总体呈现多次、多层、相互影响的演化特点,第三级滑体具有牵引式特征;③滑坡体内地下水位随库水位下降而下降,但下降速率缓于库水位,随之坡体内水力梯度和渗透力显著变大,此时碰到强降雨,将会导致坡体地下水赋存,岩土体软化,加剧滑坡变形,须施加必要的防护措施。④稳定性分析表明,该滑坡现处于临界稳定状态,一旦发生降雨和库水位变化,局部段可能发生失稳滑动。   相似文献   
5.
A suction caisson can be extracted by applying reverse pumping water,which cannot be regarded as the reverse process of installation because of the dramatically different soil?structure interaction behavior.Model tests were first carried out in this study to investigate the extraction behavior of the modified suction caisson(MSC)and the regular suction caisson(RSC)in sand by reverse pumping water.The effects of the installation ways(suction-assisted or jacking installation)and the reverse pumping rate on the variations of the over-pressure resulting form reverse pumping water were investigated.It was found that neither the RSC nor the MSC can be fully extracted from sand.When the maximum extraction displacement is obtained,the hydraulic gradient of the sand in the suction caisson reaches the critical value,leading to seepage failure.In addition,the maximum extraction displacement decreases with the increasing reverse pumping rate.Under the same reverse pumping rate,the final extraction displacements for the RSC and MSC installed by suction are lower than those for the RSC and MSC installed by jacking.The final extraction displacement of MSC is almost equal to that of the RSC with the same internal compartment length.Based on the force equilibrium,a method of estimating the maximum extraction displacement is proposed.It has been proved that the proposed method can rationally predict the maximum extraction displacement and the corresponding over-pressure.  相似文献   
6.
Engineering Nanoparticles(ENPs)’superior characteristics of adsorption depends on their dispersion in the medium.In this study,multi-walled carbon nanotubes(nonmetal),iron nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles(metallic simple substance),and Nano-TiO2,Nano-Fe2O3 and Nano-ZnO(metal oxide)were selected and respectively added into pure water and aqueous solution with 1%Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)surfactant.The dispersion effects were compared by leaving the solutions standing at room temperature under ultrasound.The results show that the dispersion of iron nanoparticles is the lowestamong the six ENPs,and that of multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCTS)is the highest.Adding anionic surfactants(SDBS)can obviously improve the dispersion performance of ENPs.The concentration of solution decreases by only 5%in 10 daysafter adding 1%SDBS for ultrasonic dispersion.  相似文献   
7.
目前对塔中志留系物源的认识仍存在不确定性.利用LA-ICP-MS分析技术对塔里木盆地塔中地区志留系柯坪塔格组2件样品开展碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学研究.结果表明塔中志留系碎屑锆石主要为岩浆结晶成因,锆石年龄主要分布在早古生代460~490 Ma、新元古代760~1 000 Ma、古元古代1 600~2 200 Ma及新太古代晚期-古元古代早期2 400~2 600 Ma四个时期,其中新元古代760~1 000 Ma碎屑锆石年龄占绝对优势(56.8%),峰值~850 Ma.结合志留纪时期塔里木板块南北缘的板块动力学背景,通过盆内构造演化及地貌特征的分析以及和潜在源区锆石年龄的详细对比,确定塔中志留系碎屑锆石主要来源于塔里木盆地西南缘的铁克里克隆起构造带.   相似文献   
8.
姚光庆  姜平 《地球科学》2021,46(8):2934-2943
复杂油气储层非均质性强、“甜点”成因控制因素复杂,面对精细表征与预测要求,储层研究需要在研究思路与方法体系上有所改进.基于盆地沉积学发展起来的“源-汇”系统分析为复杂储层系统研究提供了新思路.经过多年实践,本文提出了储层系统研究的“源-径-汇-岩”(source-route-sink-rock,SRSR)系统分析思路与方法,强调开展基于沉积物(岩)的四个子系统研究,即“源——沉积物物质组成与来源”、“径——沉积物搬运过程与路径”、“汇——沉积物汇聚堆积环境与变化”、“岩——沉积物埋藏成岩过程与成岩相”.介绍了各个子系统要素构成,认为四个子系统共同决定宏观和微观非均质性,共同决定储层质量.在源汇分区、沉积相分区及成岩相分区基础上,用甜度RSI指标划分区域储层“甜点”等级,并在乌石凹陷低渗储层评价中加以应用,取得良好效果.储层SRSR系统分析是复杂“甜点”储层成因研究的新思路,是复杂非均质储层精细表征的技术遵循,为开展复杂常规储层、致密储层、非常规泥页岩储层定量化评价预测提供了新的理论和方法支持.   相似文献   
9.
China has experienced rapid urbanizations with dramatic land cover changes since 1978. Forest loss is one of land cover changes, and it induces various eco-environmental degradation issues. As one of China’s hotspot regions, the Guangdong-Hong KongMacao Greater Bay Area(GBA) has undergone a dramatic urban expansion. To better understand forest dynamics and protect forest ecosystem, revealing the processes, patterns and underlying drivers of forest loss is essential. This study focused on the spatiotemporal evolution and potential driving factors of forest loss in the GBA at regional and city level. The Landsat time-series images from 1987 to2017 were used to derive forest, and landscape metrics and geographic information system(GIS) were applied to implement further spatial analysis. The results showed that: 1) 14.86% of the total urban growth area of the GBA was obtained from the forest loss in1987–2017;meanwhile, the forest loss area of the GBA reached 4040.6 km2, of which 25.60%(1034.42 km2) was converted to urban land;2) the percentages of forest loss to urban land in Dongguan(19.14%), Guangzhou(18.35%) and Shenzhen(15.81%) were higher than those in other cities;3) the forest became increasingly fragmented from 1987–2007, and then the fragmentation decreased from2007 to 2017);4) the landscape responses to forest changes varied with the scale;and 5) some forest loss to urban regions moved from low-elevation and gentle-slope terrains to higher-elevation and steep-slope terrains over time, especially in Shenzhen and Hong Kong.Urbanization and industrialization greatly drove forest loss and fragmentation, and, notably, hillside urban land expansion may have contributed to hillside forest loss. The findings will help policy makers in maintaining the stability of forest ecosystems, and provide some new insights into forest management and conservation.  相似文献   
10.
杜家元  张向涛  刘培  罗明  张琴  姚佳利  王绪诚  梁杰 《地球科学》2021,46(10):3690-3706
珠一坳陷深层古近系两套优质生烃层系内发育的储层具有近源成藏的优势,但其非均质性强、低孔渗的特点制约了油气勘探,研究与此直接相关的“源-汇”系统,对于寻找富烃优储耦合的有利区意义重大.以构造运动和盆山地貌为基础,结合断陷湖盆以半地堑为基本单元的结构特点,划分了盆地级、半地堑级和区带级的三级“源-汇”系统.盆地级分为外源、内源型两类,可用来宏观分析优质烃源岩分布;半地堑级分为陡坡、缓坡和长轴型3类,对于定性评价储层优劣具有较大意义;区带级分为迁移型、转换型、稳定型3类,为有利区目标评价和井点选择提供参考.研究认为迁移型和转换型“源-汇”系统可形成良好的生储盖配置,是最为有利的油气富集区,应作为古近系重点勘探对象.   相似文献   
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