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1.
Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1(IFIT1), also known as interferon-induced protein 56(IFI56) or Interferon-stimulated protein 56(ISG56), was originally identified as a protein induced upon treatment with interferon and inhibited by viral replication and translational initiation. In this study, Epinephelus lanceolatus IFIT1(ELIFIT1) gene was cloned for the first time. The complete cDNA of El IFIT1 gene includes 2921 nucleotides, and encodes a 437-amino acid(AA) protein. The putative ELIFIT1 protein has 9 TRP domains and is highly similar with IFIT1 proteins in other teleosts. In healthy fish, ELIFIT1 gene was highly expressed in the blood, which indicate its specific function in the peripheral immune system. Its expression was also observed in various immunity-related tissues including spleen, intestine, and kidney, Inducted with spotted knifejaw iridovirus(SKIV), ELIFIT1 gene expression was upregulated in the spleen, kidney, and liver 24 h after induction and reached its peak at 72 h, indicating that ELIFIT1 may play an important role in antivirus. These findings contribute to the understanding of the antiviral regulation of ELIFIT1 gene in teleost.  相似文献   
2.
Understanding the dynamics of urbanization is essential to the sustainable development of cities. Meanwhile the analysis of urban development can also provide scientifically and effective information for decision-making. With the long-term Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System(DMSP/OLS) nighttime light images, a pixel level assessment of urbanization of China from 1992 to 2013 was conducted in this study, and the spatio-temporal dynamics and future trends of urban development were fully detected. The results showed that the urbanization and urban dynamics of China experienced drastic fluctuations from 1992 to 2013, especially for those in the coastal and metropolitan areas. From a regional perspective, it was found that the urban dynamics and increasing trends in North Coast China, East Coast China and South Coast China were much more stable and significant than that in other regions. Moreover, with the sustainability estimating of nighttime light dynamics, the regional agglomeration trends of urban regions were also detected. The light intensity in nearly 50% of lighted pixels may continuously decrease in the future, indicating a severe situation of urbanization within these regions. In this study, The results revealed in this study can provided a new insight in long time urbanization detecting and is thus beneficial to the better understanding of trends and dynamics of urban development.  相似文献   
3.
A suction caisson can be extracted by applying reverse pumping water,which cannot be regarded as the reverse process of installation because of the dramatically different soil?structure interaction behavior.Model tests were first carried out in this study to investigate the extraction behavior of the modified suction caisson(MSC)and the regular suction caisson(RSC)in sand by reverse pumping water.The effects of the installation ways(suction-assisted or jacking installation)and the reverse pumping rate on the variations of the over-pressure resulting form reverse pumping water were investigated.It was found that neither the RSC nor the MSC can be fully extracted from sand.When the maximum extraction displacement is obtained,the hydraulic gradient of the sand in the suction caisson reaches the critical value,leading to seepage failure.In addition,the maximum extraction displacement decreases with the increasing reverse pumping rate.Under the same reverse pumping rate,the final extraction displacements for the RSC and MSC installed by suction are lower than those for the RSC and MSC installed by jacking.The final extraction displacement of MSC is almost equal to that of the RSC with the same internal compartment length.Based on the force equilibrium,a method of estimating the maximum extraction displacement is proposed.It has been proved that the proposed method can rationally predict the maximum extraction displacement and the corresponding over-pressure.  相似文献   
4.
Engineering Nanoparticles(ENPs)’superior characteristics of adsorption depends on their dispersion in the medium.In this study,multi-walled carbon nanotubes(nonmetal),iron nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles(metallic simple substance),and Nano-TiO2,Nano-Fe2O3 and Nano-ZnO(metal oxide)were selected and respectively added into pure water and aqueous solution with 1%Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)surfactant.The dispersion effects were compared by leaving the solutions standing at room temperature under ultrasound.The results show that the dispersion of iron nanoparticles is the lowestamong the six ENPs,and that of multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCTS)is the highest.Adding anionic surfactants(SDBS)can obviously improve the dispersion performance of ENPs.The concentration of solution decreases by only 5%in 10 daysafter adding 1%SDBS for ultrasonic dispersion.  相似文献   
5.
为评估CWRF模式的降尺度能力和其热带气旋模拟对物理参数化方案的敏感性,本文利用ERI再分析资料驱动CWRF在30km网格上对1982-2016年中国近海热带气旋开展了一次集合模拟.结果表明:CWRF与ERI均能模拟出热带气旋的季节变化和年际变化形势且均存在低估,但相较ERI,CWRF的降尺度技术和集合模拟可以再现更多的热带气旋,显著减少低估.年际变化结果提升最为明显,它对积云方案最为敏感,其次是边界层,陆面和辐射方案,对云和微物理方案较弱.该研究为应用CWRF理解和预报热带气旋提供了参考.  相似文献   
6.
China has experienced rapid urbanizations with dramatic land cover changes since 1978. Forest loss is one of land cover changes, and it induces various eco-environmental degradation issues. As one of China’s hotspot regions, the Guangdong-Hong KongMacao Greater Bay Area(GBA) has undergone a dramatic urban expansion. To better understand forest dynamics and protect forest ecosystem, revealing the processes, patterns and underlying drivers of forest loss is essential. This study focused on the spatiotemporal evolution and potential driving factors of forest loss in the GBA at regional and city level. The Landsat time-series images from 1987 to2017 were used to derive forest, and landscape metrics and geographic information system(GIS) were applied to implement further spatial analysis. The results showed that: 1) 14.86% of the total urban growth area of the GBA was obtained from the forest loss in1987–2017;meanwhile, the forest loss area of the GBA reached 4040.6 km2, of which 25.60%(1034.42 km2) was converted to urban land;2) the percentages of forest loss to urban land in Dongguan(19.14%), Guangzhou(18.35%) and Shenzhen(15.81%) were higher than those in other cities;3) the forest became increasingly fragmented from 1987–2007, and then the fragmentation decreased from2007 to 2017);4) the landscape responses to forest changes varied with the scale;and 5) some forest loss to urban regions moved from low-elevation and gentle-slope terrains to higher-elevation and steep-slope terrains over time, especially in Shenzhen and Hong Kong.Urbanization and industrialization greatly drove forest loss and fragmentation, and, notably, hillside urban land expansion may have contributed to hillside forest loss. The findings will help policy makers in maintaining the stability of forest ecosystems, and provide some new insights into forest management and conservation.  相似文献   
7.
1961—2017年中国华东区域高空温度变化特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用中国华东六省一市13个探空站1961—2017年高空温度数据,对850 hPa、500 hPa、200 hPa高空温度的时间变化特征和空间变化特征进行分析,结果表明:1961—2017年中国华东区域对流层中下层增温趋势明显,向上增温趋势减弱,对流层顶增温趋势有所增强。850 hPa、500 hPa温度的年代际变化均呈现出先降低后升高的趋势,而200 hPa温度的年代际变化则呈现持续升高的趋势。秋、冬季在各个层次上均为显著的增温趋势,冬季的增温趋势明显大于其他季节,500 hPa春季和200 hPa夏季有微弱的降温趋势。不同层次年平均气温的空间分布均有明显的南北差异,且随着高度的增加,南北平均温差先增大后减小。850 hPa、500 hPa年平均温度的空间变化趋势一定程度上呈现出华东沿海地区增温趋势大于内陆的特征,200 hPa则呈现华东南部的增温趋势大于北部的特征。850 hPa各季节呈现出中国华东沿海地区增温、内陆增温趋势不如沿海地区或内陆呈现降温趋势,500 hPa的春季和200 hPa的夏、秋季则呈现出中国华东南部地区增温、北部地区降温的趋势。  相似文献   
8.
以2007~2018年西宁二十里铺气象站探空资料为模拟样本,利用MonoRTM模式模拟中心频率21.985~58.759GHz的35通道亮温,应用BP神经网络对模拟数据进行反复训练,构建最优反演模型,并以2019年探空资料为测试样本,对比分析了不同季节和不同天气条件下BP神经网络与微波辐射计的反演效果。结果表明:晴空条件下,BP神经网络与微波辐射计在温度反演上效果最佳,水汽密度次之,相对湿度最差,其中冬春季BP神经网络反演效果优于微波辐射计,夏秋季反之;有云条件下,BP神经网络温度反演效果在冬、春和夏季均优于微波辐射计,其水汽密度反演效果在四季均较微波辐射计有明显提升,其相对湿度反演效果在冬、春和夏季均较微波辐射计更佳。晴空和有云条件下,BP神经网络在不同季节反演温度、水汽密度和相对湿度的平均绝对误差和标准偏差均小于微波辐射计,尤其是相对湿度的反演精度提升最为明显。晴空条件下,BP神经网络反演温度廓线在春、夏和秋季效果最佳,反演水汽密度廓线在中低层精度较高,反演相对湿度廓线的精度较差,但基本和探空资料趋势一致;有云条件下,BP神经网络反演温度廓线与晴空时基本一致,较微波辐射计精度更高,反演水汽密度和相对湿度廓线在8km以上效果较好。   相似文献   
9.
Continuous and accurate monitoring of earth surface changes over rugged terrain Himalayas is important to manage natural resources and mitigate natural hazards.Conventional techniques generally focus on per-pixel based processing and overlook the sub-pixel variations occurring especially in case of low or moderate resolution remotely sensed data.However,the existing subpixel-based change detection(SCD)models are less effective to detect the mixed pixel information at its complexity level especially over rugged terrain regions.To overcome such issues,a topographically controlled SCD model has been proposed which is an improved version of widely used per-pixel based change vector analysis(CVA)and hence,named as a subpixel-based change vector analysis(SCVA).This study has been conducted over a part of the Western Himalayas using the advanced wide-field sensor(AWiFS)and Landsat-8 datasets.To check the effectiveness of the proposed SCVA,the cross-validation of the results has been done with the existing neural network-based SCD(NN-SCD)and per-pixel based models such as fuzzybasedCVA(FCVA)andpost-classification comparison(PCC).The results have shown that SCVA offered robust performance(85.6%-86.4%)as comparedtoNN-SCD(81.6%-82.4%),PCC(79.2%-80.4%),and FCVA(81.2%-83.6%).We concluded that SCVA helps in reducing the detection of spurious pixels and improve the efficacy of generating change maps.This study is beneficial for the accurate monitoring of glacier retreat and snow cover variability over rugged terrain regions using moderate resolution remotely sensed datasets.  相似文献   
10.
完善的绿色基础设施体系在重构矿业城市生态系统,提升矿业城市人居环境品质上作用关键。一方面,经过生态修复后的矿业废弃地是矿业城市绿色基础设施的重要增量,另一方面,以绿色基础设施体系优化为导向的治理是破解当前矿业废弃地治理低效的有效途径。湖北省大冶市是一座典型的资源枯竭型城市,在运用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)方法评价大冶市绿色基础设施的基础上,结合矿业废弃地空间分布,评价其生态潜力,进而提出生态型、生活型和生产型3种矿业废弃地再生的改造方式。研究结果表明:①大冶市生态基底良好,但是景观破碎化严重,连通性弱;②大部分矿业废弃地生态潜力较高,60%的矿业废弃地可以转化为绿色基础设施;③30%的矿业废弃地适合生态型改造、52%的适合生活型改造、18%的适合生产型改造。   相似文献   
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