培育志趣，引导学生奔向地球科学大道     

张国伟  郭安林  董云鹏  姚安平 《高校地质学报》2022,28(3):289-293

随着人类社会和科学技术的发展,尤其是中国国力的提升和教育的深化提高,教育改革,包括地学高等教育的改革,就更需进一步深化,以适应时代发展的需要。文章根据作者长期从事地学教学实践与科研的经历,针对2020年全国基础地质学教学会议关于普通地质学教学改革的精神,概括提出两点体会,一是关于普地教学目标和任务,二是涉及普地教学关键所在,供同行讨论。作者从地球科学基本特征和教学目标出发,提出普地教学的核心价值与重要性,进一步明确普地教学的关键在于教师队伍、教学定位与目标及教学内容与方法等三个方面。普通地质学的教学是地学高等教育中最基础、最关键的环节,其总体目标是提高地学教育的普适性,目的是培育学生的科学志趣,引导学生奔向地球科学大道。  相似文献   

临震天体引潮力和地面长波辐射OLR异常     

任静  康春丽  马未宇  杨天青  林向洋 《中国地震》2015,31(2):447-455

利用天体引潮力周期变化模型和地面长波辐射(OLR)数据资料,分析2010~2011年云南、西藏地区的4次M5.0以上地震震前OLR异常,探讨了诱发地震的外部因素,即天体引潮力周期与红外异常发展的关联特征。结果显示:以临近发震时刻所在周期引潮力值最低点日期为OLR参照背景,获取的地震前后NOAA长波辐射OLR日增量分布图像显示:震中附近热异常明显,异常受构造控制,且其分布与断裂关系密切;异常演化经历起始-加强-高峰-衰减-再增强-发震-平静的过程,符合岩石因应力增加而破裂的规律。一方面表明地应力的临界状态演化过程可通过OLR辐射变化来反映。另一方面表明引潮力可以改变构造内部地应力的状态。  相似文献   

基于历史TLE的空间目标轨道预报误差演化规律研究     

许晓丽  熊永清 《天文学报》2019,60(4):26-38

北美防空司令部(North American Aerospace Defense Command, NORAD)发布的双行根数(Two Line Element, TLE)是广大航天工作者最常用的轨道根数,与其对应的轨道模型是SGP4/SDP4 (Simplified General Perturbation Version 4/Simplified Deep-space Perturbation Version 4)解析模型.由于TLE中并没有包含相应的轨道精度信息,编目轨道的应用范围受到很大的限制.基于Space-Track网站发布的历史TLE数据和配套的SGP4/SDP4动力学模型,采用定轨标预报的方法统计并生成了大量目标轨道的预报误差,通过对预报轨道的时间区间划分给出了每个目标的预报误差随预报时间变化的拟合系数,并进一步对不同类型轨道预报误差的演化规律和特征进行了分类讨论,给出了4种轨道类型目标的轨道预报误差随时间演化的平均解析模型,为拓展双行根数的应用提供有价值的参考.  相似文献   

Low-frequency variability of the North Equatorial Current bifurcation in the past 40 years from SODA   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

MENG Qingji  WANG Fan  LIU Na 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(3):14-19

The low-frequency variability of the North Equatorial Current (NEC) bifurcation during 1958 to 2001 was investigated with the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) 2.0.2 dataset.In agreement with recent observations,the NEC bifurcation latitude (NBL) shifted northward as depth increases, from about 12.7°N near the surface to about 17.1°N at depths around 500 m for the annual average. This study reveals that the interannual variations of NBL,with five years period,mainly focused on the upper 500 m with amplitude increasing as depth increased.The NBL shifted southward in the past 40 years,which was more significant in the subsurface at more than -0.02°/a.The NBL manifests itself in the transports of NMK (NEC-Mindanao Current (MC)-Kuroshio) system in strong relationship with MC (0.7) and Kuroshio (-0.7).The EOF analysis of meridional velocity off the Philippine coast shows that the first mode,explaining 62% of variance and 5 years period,was highly correlated with the southward shift of NBL with coefficient at about 0.75.The southward shift of NBL consists with the weakening of MC and strengthening of Kuroshio,which exhibited linear trends at -0.24Sv/a and 0.11Sv/a.Both interannual variation and trend of NBL were closely related to the variation of NMK system.  相似文献   

Seasonal variability in somatic and reproductive investment of the bivalve Scrobicularia plana (da Costa, 1778) along a latitudinal gradient     

Sílvia Santos  Joana F.M.F. Cardoso  Célia Carvalho  Pieternella C. Luttikhuizen  Henk W. van der Veer 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

Monthly investment in soma and gonads in the bivalve Scrobicularia plana is described for three populations along its distributional range: Minho estuary, Portugal; Westerschelde estuary, The Netherlands and Buvika estuary, Norway. Seasonal cycles in body mass (BMI), somatic mass (SMI) and gonadal mass (GMI) indices were observed for all populations. In Portugal, BMI and SMI peaked in mid-autumn, while in The Netherlands both indices were at their highest in mid-spring. Norway showed a different pattern with two distinct peaks: one in mid-autumn and a second peak in spring. GMI reached maximum values in July in Portugal and Netherlands and in June in Norway. Overall, mean BMI and SMI were lower in Portugal while mean GMI was lower in Norway. The spawning period lasted the whole summer in Portugal, but was shorter (only two months) in The Netherlands and Norway. The reproductive investment in The Netherlands was significantly higher than in Portugal and Norway, with the lowest values being observed in Norway. Differences in annual cycles between populations were attributed to environmental factors, namely temperature and food availability. Temperature seems important in shaping the reproductive pattern with more northern populations showing shorter reproductive periods starting later in the year, and a lower reproductive output. In addition, winter water temperatures can explain the lower mean body and somatic mass values observed in Portugal. Food availability influenced the physiological performance of the species with peaks in somatic mass coinciding with phytoplankton blooms. This relation between physiological performance and environmental factors influences S. plana distribution, densities and even survival, with natural consequences on its commercial importance.  相似文献   

星点亚像元细分定位精度分析     

连月勇  张超  谢宗特 《测绘科学技术学报》2015,(6):578-582

星点的精确定位为后续的导航解算提供数据支撑。基于高斯分布原理进行星点模拟,为星点定位提供图像数据。分别介绍了质心法和高斯曲面拟合法的亚像元细分定位原理,并研究系统误差、随机噪声、分割阈值、星等和星点坐标分布5个因素对星点定位精度的影响,分析两种方法的异同点。对模拟的星点进行定位分析发现,星点距离参考点越远定位误差越大,定位精度随噪声增大而降低。实验表明,相比高斯曲面拟合方法,质心法具有更好的实用性,其定位精度对星点的像元信息依赖性较小。  相似文献   

高空探测资料气球空间经纬度偏差算法     

李宛桐  刘磊  张伟星  张玉存  高太长 《气象科技》2015,43(3):405-409

随着数值预报的发展,模式的分辨率逐渐提高,探空气球在施放过程中受高空气流影响造成的漂移已大大超出了数值预报模式分辨率,其影响不能忽视。鉴于现有气球空间位置经纬度偏差计算方法基于站心坐标系,忽略地球曲率影响,文章从探测系统原理出发,推导出精确的基于地心坐标系的气球空间位置经纬度偏差计算公式,并通过探空数据文件对原有算法进行误差分析。  相似文献   

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朱春春  李征航  屈小川  申小平 《大地测量与地球动力学》2015,35(1):81-86

??RINEX HO???????GPS?????λ?????е???(?????????)????????????????????GPS???????е??????????(ΔI_H)^p,q_i,g??????????(ΔI_H)^p,q_i,g????γ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????￡???Bernese 5.0???????????????????????????????δ???и????????????????????л????????????????????????????????Δb_H???????????Δb_H???????С????????????????????Δ??b??H??????????????????????????????????????????ε??С??Δb_H?????????  相似文献   

正压准平衡海洋模型及其解Ⅱ:中纬度自由涡旋波动   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

路凯程  张永垂  张铭 《气象科学》2011,31(1):17-23

本文研究了正压准平衡海洋模型中的自由涡旋波.得到的主要结论有:该模型中的解为波包,其载频都是西传的.在仅考虑大洋西海岸时其载频频率是连续谱;而同时考虑大洋东、西海岸时则其为离散谱;且均有其载频频率越高(周期越短)其水平尺度越大的特点,对过分低频的波动,则会使准平衡的假定不再适用.模型中波包载频的周期约在26 d至24 ...  相似文献   

室内星空仿真软件的研制初探     

张健  李晓杰  张婷 《测绘科学》2010,35(3):103-105

基于电脑显示器来显示仿真的星空图,可以根据任意给定的观测时间、观测地点、观测天区来实时生成真实的星空背景,利用电子经纬仪即可对其进行观测。仿真结果表明,利用该仿真软件可使视场内星的选取速度加快且更加准确,星空仿真的实时性好,提高星点的位置精度,使运行方向正确,并实现了星点显示的等角距性。  相似文献