Sorption and desorption behavior of residual antidepressants and caffeine in freshwater sediment and sewage sludge   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ismael Laurindo Costa Junior  Christiane Schinneider Machado  Adelmo Lowe Pletsch  Yohandra Reyes Torres 《国际泥沙研究》2022,37(3):346-354

The use of antidepressants is widespread in modern times. Thus, they present a potential risk for ecosystems due to occurrence in domestic sewage containing unaltered metabolites and structures, even after the treatment plants have processed the sewage. The current research investigated the sorption and desorption of antidepressants(citalopram, venlafaxine, fluoxetine, sertraline, and amitriptyline) and caffeine from freshwater sediment and sewage sludge. The samples of freshwater sediment were ...  相似文献   

Return period and risk calculations for ocean wave energy applications     

Mehmet zger  Zekai en 《Ocean Engineering》2008,35(17-18):1700-1706

The statistical behavior of wave energy at a site strongly depends on the wave characteristics. Wave energy converters fail to produce energy when there are no sufficiently available wave heights. Hence, evaluation of return periods and risk values of the minimum wave height becomes important for wave energy studies. A time index representing the minimum wave height is proposed here for ocean wave applications. Persistence plays a significant role in the calculation of return period and risk. Although ignoring the serial independence makes calculations easy, it leads to overestimations of the real status. In this paper, return periods and risk values are compared with each other by taking into consideration independent and dependent situations. Application of the study is achieved for the stations located in the Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Mexico.  相似文献   

中国1961—2016年夏季持续和非持续性极端降水的变化特征     

贺冰蕊  翟盘茂 《气候变化研究进展》2018,14(5):437-444

基于国家气象信息中心提供的1961—2016年2400多站逐日降水观测资料,根据百分位法确定极端降水,对中国夏季持续（持续2 d及以上）和非持续性（持续1 d）极端降水事件的变化特征进行了研究。结果表明：在气候变暖背景下,以江淮流域为代表,中国大部分地区极端降水量趋于增多,但华北、西南及西部部分地区趋于减少;除内蒙古中部、四川等地以外,中国大部极端降水对总降水的贡献呈增多趋势。进一步对华北、江淮、华南、西南4个代表区域进行分析,发现华北、西南地区的持续和非持续性极端降水量都呈减少趋势,持续性极端降水量的减少更突出,极端降水更多以非持续性形式出现;江淮、华南一带,两类极端降水量都呈增多趋势,持续性极端降水量的增加更明显,极端降水更多以持续性形式出现。  相似文献   

利用NOAA AVHRR数据研究北半球雪盖气候学特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨向东 《国土资源遥感》2003,14(1):16-19

利用NOAA卫星图像,研究了北半球、欧亚、北美和青藏高原雪盖气候学特征及其变化趋势.指出北半球、欧亚和北美雪盖气候变化趋势基本一致,年均雪盖面积在1987年前后明显下降; 而青藏高原雪盖面积在1984年后明显下降,说明青藏高原雪盖的年际变化与北半球及欧亚、北美不完全一致.  相似文献   

多功能定时控制器的设计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯林 《华东地质学院学报》2000,23(3):267-270

介绍了一种多功能定时控制器的设计方法,它是由８９Ｃ５１单片机和几个主要的集成电路芯片构成,并给出了监控软件的结构框图。  相似文献   

江苏省夏季持续干旱和雨涝的气候分析以及环流和海温场演变特征   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

施宁  栾建林 《气象科学》1996,(4)

在对我省夏季持续干旱和雨涝进行气候分析的基础上，研究了夏季持续干旱和持续雨涝的环流特征差异、持续干旱的两种不同的环流型以及前期海温场的特征和演变规律。  相似文献   

基于马尔科夫链转移概率极限分布的降水过程持续性研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

江志红  常奋华  丁裕国 《气象学报》2013,71(2):286-294

各地不同气候条件所具有的天气状态转移概率的极限分布实际上代表了各地天气气候的持续性和转折性特征,同时也表明了它的可预报期限。从马尔科夫链理论出发,初步研究了中国160个代表测站逐日天气状态演变过程的极限分布。结果表明,转移概率的极限分布不但其空间分布有明显差异,而且不同季节的极限分布也有明显差异。例如,有的地区仅有2 d持续期,有的可达4—6 d或更长,充分反映出不同地区因其影响的天气系统差异所造成的逐日天气气候的持续性和转折性特征的差异。其研究意义在于,由此可作为天气气候分型区划的一种理论依据。统计分析结果表明,就全中国平均而言,夏季持续期最短,持续期由北向南、由西向东呈增加趋势,且春季平均降水持续期为5.1 d,夏季平均为5.0 d,秋季平均为6.5d,冬季平均为6.2 d。可见夏半年比冬半年的降水持续期短,这可能是因为春夏季的天气系统比较复杂且中小尺度天气系统较多的缘故。这从另一侧面再次证明,各地逐日降水天气状态演变过程具有一定的天气气候状态自然转折的持续性即自然天气周期的气候状况,从而为短期天气预报提供了气候背景。  相似文献   

Glyphosate persistence in seawater     

Philip Mercurio  Florita Flores  Jochen F. Mueller  Steve Carter  Andrew P. Negri 《Marine pollution bulletin》2014

Glyphosate is one of the most widely applied herbicides globally but its persistence in seawater has not been reported. Here we quantify the biodegradation of glyphosate using standard “simulation” flask tests with native bacterial populations and coastal seawater from the Great Barrier Reef. The half-life for glyphosate at 25 °C in low-light was 47 days, extending to 267 days in the dark at 25 °C and 315 days in the dark at 31 °C, which is the longest persistence reported for this herbicide. AMPA, the microbial transformation product of glyphosate, was detected under all conditions, confirming that degradation was mediated by the native microbial community. This study demonstrates glyphosate is moderately persistent in the marine water under low light conditions and is highly persistent in the dark. Little degradation would be expected during flood plumes in the tropics, which could potentially deliver dissolved and sediment-bound glyphosate far from shore.  相似文献   

一类具有收获率的捕食与被捕食系统     

周展宏 《广东海洋大学学报》2002,22(1):51-56

捕食者之间为获取食物开展竞争的捕食与被捕食系统通常用ratio dependent捕食与被捕食系统描述。本文讨论这类系统在有人为开发 (即有常数收获率 )时 ,系统的持久性问题 ,通过常微分方程的定性分析 ,得到为保持生态平衡 ,人为开发的最大上界  相似文献   

Work, persistence, and formative events: The geomorphic impact of landslides   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R.H. Guthrie  S.G. Evans   《Geomorphology》2007,88(3-4):266-275

Understanding the scale and frequency of physical processes that act upon and form the surface of the Earth is a fundamental goal of earth science. Here we determine the magnitudes of landslides that impact the landscape in terms of work, persistence, and formative events. A systematic analysis of rapid landsliding (the analysis did not consider creep and other slow semi-continuous processes) indicates that moderate-sized landslides do the most work transporting material on hillslopes. The work peak defines the moderate magnitude, and that magnitude varies based on local physiography and climate. Landslides that form the work peak are distinct from catastrophic landslides that are themselves formative and system resetting. The persistence time for debris slides/debris flows (P_DS) and rock slides/rock avalanches (P_RS) is calculated over six orders of magnitude. We consider an event catastrophic when it persists in the landscape, as described by a persistence ratio (P_F), an order of magnitude longer than the population of landslides that form the work peak.  相似文献