塔里木河下游胡杨径向生长量对生态输水的响应   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

安红燕  叶茂  徐海量  禹朴家 《中国沙漠》2011,30(4):957-962

 以塔里木河下游的胡杨径向生长量为研究对象,借鉴树木年轮水文学的方法,采用单因素方差分析方法,从数理统计学的角度分析了胡杨径向生长量对生态输水的响应过程。结果表明: ①距离河道300 m范围内,生态输水前后及输水期间各年份之间,胡杨的径向生长量在0.001的水平上差异极显著,胡杨对生态输水的响应非常积极; ②距离河道300 m范围外,胡杨的径向生长量在0.05的水平上差异不显著,胡杨对生态输水的响应不积极; ③线性的生态输水只是缓解了河道附近植被的衰退,改善了局部生态环境,却无法从根本上缓解整个塔里木河下游生态环境的恶化,塔里木河下游的生态环境呈现出局部改善、整体恶化的趋势。  相似文献   

荒漠河岸胡杨(Populus euphratica)树干液流的时滞效应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵春彦  司建华  冯起  常宗强  鱼腾飞  李炜 《中国沙漠》2014,34(5):1254-1260

以2012年4—9月树干液流速率与环境因子的实测数据,分析了荒漠河岸胡杨(Populus euphratica)树干液流的时滞效应。结果表明:不同月份胡杨树干液流速率对不同环境因子的时滞不同;4—9月,胡杨树干液流速率峰值时间比太阳辐射峰值时间晚约1h,比空气温度峰值时间早约1h,比水汽压差峰值时间早约2h,比空气相对湿度谷值时间早约2h;对影响胡杨树干液流速率的环境因子进行了主成分分析,发现胡杨树干液流速率与1h以前的第1主成分、第2主成分相关性最高,相关系数分别为0.864、0.875;对错位前后胡杨树干液流速率与环境因子进行多元线性回归分析发现,在胡杨树干液流的数值模拟中,考虑液流相对于环境因子的时滞效应可以提高模型的拟合精度。  相似文献   

The canopy conductance of a boreal aspen forest,Prince Albert National Park,Canada     

P. D. Blanken  T. A. Black 《水文研究》2004,18(9):1561-1578

Annual fluxes of canopy‐level heat, water vapour and carbon dioxide were measured using eddy covariance both above the aspen overstory (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and hazelnut understory (Corylus cornuta Marsh.) of a boreal aspen forest (53·629 °N 106·200 °W). Partitioning of the fluxes between overstory and understory components allowed the calculation of canopy conductance to water vapour for both species. On a seasonal basis, the canopy conductance of the aspen accounted for 70% of the surface conductance, with the latter a strong function of the forest's leaf area index. On a half‐hour basis, the canopy conductance of both species decreased non‐linearly as the leaf‐surface saturation deficits increased, and was best parameterized and showed similar sensitivities to a modified form of the Ball–Berry–Woodrow index, where relative humidity was replaced with the reciprocal of the saturation deficit. The negative feedback between the forest evaporation and the saturation deficit in the convective boundary layer varied from weak when the forest was at full leaf to strong when the forest was developing or loosing leaves. The coupling between the air at the leaf surface and the convective boundary layer also varied seasonally, with coupling decreasing with increasing leaf area. Compared with coniferous boreal forests, the seasonal changes in leaf area had a unique impact on vegetation–atmosphere interactions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Evapotranspiration of a Populuseuphratica Oliv. forest and its controlling factors in the lowerHeihe RiverBasin, Northwest China     

TengFei Yu  Qi Feng  JianHua Si  XiaoYou Zhang  ChunYan Zhao 《寒旱区科学》2017,9(2):175-182

Evapotranspiration (ET) within an ecosystem is crucial for the water-limited environment that currently lacks adequate quantification in the arid region of Northwest China, mainly covered by phreatophytes, such as the Populus euphratica Oliv. tree and the Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. shrub species. Accordingly, ET was measured for an entire year using eddy covariance (EC) in P. euphratica stands in the lower Heihe River Basin, Northwest China. During the growing season, the total ET was 850 mm, with a mean of 4.0 mm/d, which is obviously more than that observed at tree-level and standlevel scales, which was likely due to the different level of soil evaporation induced by irrigation via water conveyance. Factors associated with ET fall into either environmental or plant eco-physiological categories. Environmental factors account for at least 79% variation of ET, and the linear relationship between ET and the groundwater table (GWT) revealed the potential water use of P. euphratica forests under the non-water stress condition with the GWT less than 3 m deep. Plant eco-physiological parameters, specifically the leaf area index (LAI), have direct impact on the seasonal pattern of ET, which provides a valuable reference to the wide-area estimates of ET for riparian forests by using LAI. In conclusion, P.euphratica forests have high water use after water conveyance, which may be the result of long-term adapting to local climates and limited water availability.  相似文献   

胡杨树轮δ13C记录的艾比湖地区夏季最高温度变化     

尚华明 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2013,7(5):7-13

摘要：艾比湖是新疆北部生态环境最为敏感和脆弱的地区,这里分布的大片长龄胡杨是过去气候变化良好的记录体。本文利用艾比湖东岸的胡杨树轮资料,分析其宽度和稳定碳同位素组成,建立了树轮宽度年表和δ^13C序列,并对δ^13C序列进行了校正处理。树轮参数的气候意义分析表明胡杨树轮宽度所含的气候信息较少,而树轮δ^13C校正序列与精河夏季高温显著负相关,为荒漠平原区树轮气候研究提供了新的资料。研究区夏季的高温超过了光合作用的适宜温度,降低光合作用速率（A）,而地下水埋深较浅,叶片气候导度（g）并没有因受到水分条件限制而减小,在以上两个因素的共同作用下,叶片内部二氧化碳浓度（Ci）升高,导致胡杨δ^13C与夏季高温负相关关系。建立了胡杨树轮δ^13C校正序列与精河夏季高温的转换方程,方差解释量为33．0％。重建的精河145a来夏季高温序列反映了这一地区气候变暖的趋势,其升温的幅度高于北半球夏季升温幅度,但二者冷暖阶段变化并不完全一致。  相似文献   

Molecular Cloning of a Cytosolic G6PDH Gene from Populus Suaveolens and Its Expression to Improve the Cold Resistance of Tobacco Plants     

LIN Yuan-zhen  GUO Hai  ZHANG Zhi-yi  LIN Shan-zhi 《冰川冻土》2009,31(6)

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH, EC 1.1.1.49) is the first and main regulated enzyme of oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP), catalyzing the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phospho-gluconolactone and playing important roles in the growth and development of plants. It is preciously reported that the enhancement of freezing resistance of Populus suaveolens cuttings is clear related to the distinct increase in cytosolic G6PDH activity. Here, a 1697 bp cDNA fragment (PsG6PDH) is amplified by RT-PCR from cold-induced total RNA of the freezing-tolerant P. suaveolens . A sequence analysis showed that PsG6PDH coding region had 1 530 bp and encoded 510 predicted amino acid residues. Genomic Southern analysis revealed that the isoform is encoded by a few copies of the gene in the poplar genome. The cloned gene PsG6PDH is cloned into binary vector pBI121 and used to transform tobacco. PCR and Southern blotting results verified integration of this gene into the genome of tobacco. Moreover, cold treatment experiments and membrane defense enzyme activity analysis confirmed that overexpression of the PsG6PDH gene could enhance the tolerance to cold or frigid stresses in transgenic plants.  相似文献   

Riparian responses to reduced flood flows: comparing and contrasting narrowleaf and broadleaf cottonwoods     

Thomas K. Wilding  David M. Merritt  Stewart B. Rood  N. LeRoy Poff 《水文科学杂志》2014,59(3-4):605-617

Abstract

To enable assessment of risks of water management to riparian ecosystems at a regional scale, we developed a quantile-regression model of abundance of broadleaf cottonwoods (Populus deltoides and P. fremontii) as a function of flood flow attenuation. To test whether this model was transferrable to narrowleaf cottonwood (Populus angustifolia), we measured narrowleaf abundance along 39 river reaches in northwestern Colorado, USA. The model performed well for narrowleaf in all 32 reaches where reservoir storage was <75% of mean annual flow. Field data did not fit the model at four of seven reaches where reservoir storage was >90% of mean annual flow. In these four reaches, narrowleaf was abundant despite peak flow attenuation of 45–61%. Poor model performance in these four reaches may be explained in part by a pulse of narrowleaf cottonwood expansion as a response to channel narrowing and in part by differences between narrowleaf and broadleaf cottonwood response to floods and drought.